The first of all, we need to understand this is new construction of retrofit project. In the case of New Building Construction, first do the baseline calculations of GHG emissions of the project involving design, suppliers and installers. Then, do value engineering such as orientation, thermal insulation of buildings. HVAC plays vital role like low GWP refrigerants, high energy efficient, equipment and embodied carbon dioxide emissions which includes transportation as well as end of life of equipment (disposed of). Besides, the disclosure of LCA results through Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) provides valuable information to consumers about the environmental impact of building products. Then use the NZE

It would be helpful and important to choose a base year to bench mark or reference to see if your actions are making a difference.

Have direct access to monthly utility bills and ensure they are for your specific site(s) the utility bill is correct no miss reading or estimated. there was no correction made by utility company that wasn’t captured as this information will impact the data recorded.

To accurately quantify GHG emissions: 1. Collect data on energy, transport, waste, and more. 2. Use industry-specific emission factors from resources like GHG Protocol, EPA's eGRID, and IPCC Guidelines. 3. Apply these factors to convert data into emissions (e.g., energy use x emission factor). 4. Consider Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions, each with specific methods. 5. Continuously update data and methods to align with industry standards. 6. Collaborate with experts, associations, and agencies to access the latest methodologies

Benchmarking and Targets: Compare your client's GHG emissions against industry benchmarks and their own reduction targets. This helps pinpoint areas for improvement. Tools and Software: Utilize specialized tools like carbon footprint calculators, life cycle assessment (LCA) software, or marginal abatement cost (MAC) curves. These tools provide valuable insights into emissions sources and reduction options. Co-Benefits and Trade-offs: Assess the broader impacts of GHG reduction actions. Consider not only emissions reduction but also potential co-benefits, like cost savings, enhanced reputation, and improved operational efficiency. Be aware of any trade-offs between different actions.

This information should be made available to a multi discipline team for their review and evaluation Using this information a annual plan needs to developed, by this team on what actions the company will under take and present it to Executive and for review and approval.