1 Know your audience

Different cultures and contexts have different norms and expectations for eye contact. For example, some cultures may consider direct eye contact as a sign of respect and honesty, while others may perceive it as rude or aggressive. Similarly, some settings may require more or less eye contact depending on the size, formality, and purpose of the event. Therefore, before you speak at a conference, do some research on the audience and the occasion, and adjust your eye contact accordingly.

2 Balance your eye contact

One of the biggest eye contact mistakes is to stare at one person or one spot for too long, or to avoid eye contact altogether. Both can make you seem nervous, bored, or uninterested in your audience. To avoid this, try to balance your eye contact by scanning the room and making brief but meaningful eye contact with different people. This will help you engage your audience, show that you care about their feedback, and keep them attentive.

3 Use eye contact to support your message

Another way to use eye contact effectively is to align it with your verbal and nonverbal communication. For example, you can use eye contact to emphasize a key point, to signal a transition, to ask a question, or to acknowledge a response. You can also use eye contact to express emotions, such as enthusiasm, curiosity, or humor. However, be careful not to overdo it or contradict yourself. For example, don't smile while delivering bad news, or look away while making a strong statement.

4 Avoid eye contact distractions

Sometimes, your eye contact can be disrupted by external factors, such as glare, noise, or movement. These can distract you and your audience, and affect your concentration and credibility. To avoid this, try to eliminate or minimize these distractions before you speak. For example, you can adjust the lighting, test the sound system, or close the doors and windows. You can also prepare yourself for unexpected distractions, such as a phone ringing or a fire alarm, and handle them calmly and professionally.

5 Practice your eye contact

Like any other skill, eye contact requires practice and feedback. You can practice your eye contact by rehearsing your speech in front of a mirror, a camera, or a friend. You can also record yourself and watch your performance later. Pay attention to how often, how long, and how naturally you make eye contact, and how it affects your delivery and impact. You can also ask for feedback from others, such as your peers, mentors, or coaches, and learn from their suggestions.