The non-destructive Process Compensated Resonance Testing (PCRT) methodology has been used to inspect Ti6Al4V (Ti-64) specimens fabricated by metal injection moulding (MIM). The purpose of this study has been to determine whether PCRT can be used as a non-destructive testing method to evaluate the performance of MIM samples and to use the resonant data to test whether PCRT can be closely correlated to the yield strength, which is represented in this study by the offset 0.2% proof stress. In order to do this, resonant frequencies and correlations between the results of the PCRT method and the destructive mechanical test were studied to evaluate performance of the samples. A good performance of the PCRT system was achieved and the results were used to predict the 0.2% proof stress of MIM Ti-64 samples. Correlation analysis results showed that the total variation in 0.2% proof stress that can be attributed to resonant frequencies was above 95% for MIM tensile specimens.

In order to design structural components using composite materials a deep understanding of the material behaviour and its failure mechanisms is necessary. To create a better understanding of the initiation, growth and interaction of the different types of damage, damage monitoring during mechanical loading is very important. To this direction, AE is a powerful non destructive technique for real time monitoring of damage development in materials and structures which has been used successfully for the identification of damage mechanisms in composite structures under quasi static and dynamic-cycle loading. In this present work, pure resin plate and GFRP composite laminates with stacking sequence of [0 0 ] 6 , are fabricated using Hand lay-up method. During the layup a Teflon tape of width 45 mm is kept in the mid plane of the laminate which serves as an initiator for delamination during loading. As per ASTM STD D5528 01 DCB (Double Cantilever Beam) specimens are cut out from the laminates and are subjected to tensile test in the transverse direction along with acoustic emission monitoring. While loading, Markings are made on the sides of the specimen to track the crack front using a magnifying lens. Parametric analysis is performed on the AE data obtained during crack propagation to discriminate the failure modes. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) enabled the calculation of frequency content of each damage mechanism. Further STFFT analysis is performed on a portion of the waveforms representing the dominant frequency content pertaining to each damage mechanism.

In the context of increased use of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) to strengthen concrete structures, the bonding conditions between CFRP and existing structures are crucial. Recently, infrared thermography (IR) non-destructive testing (NDT) has emerged as a technique for bond detection. This paper reports in detail the detection of different unbond, debonding and delamination areas within the bond zone between single-and multi-layer CFRP and concrete structures. Pulse thermography (PTT) was chosen for the IR tests. Pulse intervals of 1 s, 3 s, and 5 s were used as thermal loading to all specimens and halogen lamps were positioned at different distances from the investigated surfaces. Each IR test involved the analysis of 600 IR images. Thermal responses were recorded to detect and study defect characterizations. The paper recommends the minimum thermal input to generate well-recognized bond defect detection, and the results show that the maximum thermal signal is proportional to the number of CFRP layers.

Airlines aircraft efficiency is measured by the time spent in the air, and in this respect passenger planes realizes many take-off, and landing. Aircraft wheels during take-off, and landing are exposed to a variety of many forces. For this reason aircraft wheels, one of the Airlines passenger aircraft parts, have the most rapid change cycle. Wheels, tires wear out after leaving the rim before mounting the new tire rims, and discontinuities control is done through the control of Non-Destructive Testing.

In this study, which is one of the methods of non-destructive testing applied to the wheels by using eddy current method, discontinuous scan tests were conducted. This aircraft wheel rim the implementation of a method, such as crack detection and data sizes are obtained. As a result, an overall evaluation and wheels controls, are the reasons for the method to be preferred.

This paper describes a real-time radiography configuration for the automatic inspection of welds. The optimal geometrical imaging configuration is evaluated and discussed in relation to conventional film radiography. For the automatic inspection of X-ray images, a two-step analysis was adopted: a fast search for defective regions, followed by fine identification and location of defects. Two different algorithms, based on the relative irregular behaviour of a defect, were develoPed for the fast search procedure. The second step, fine identification, can be achieved by a sequential similarity detection algorithm or by a thresholding algorithm. The different methods were applied to various X-ray images of welds and the automatic inspection was evaluated and compared with visual inspection.

This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 213; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

All’interno della nuova filosofia progettuale delle pavimentazioni stradali, basata sulla
valutazione delle prestazioni, che ha permesso un approccio molto più flessibile in termini di
progetto, scelta dei materiali ed esecuzione dei lavori, c’è la forte necessità di sviluppare
metodi veloci e affidabili per la misurazione delle grandezze prestazionali fondamentali (su
tutte la capacità portante e il livello di addensamento) durante le fasi costruttive.
Il Light Weigth Deflectometer è considerato a livello mondiale come lo strumento più adatto
a tale scopo, con enormi potenzialità ancora parzialmente inespresse.
Il seguente lavoro si è basato su una preliminare analisi e caratterizzazione della grandezza
deformativa energy loss e sui vantaggi derivabili da un suo utilizzo come parametro di tipo
prestazionale, attraverso la costruzione di un modello matematico che aiuti, simulandone il
comportamento, a comprenderne le caratteristiche. Nel seguente lavoro le analisi si sono
concentrate su strati di sottofondo e fondazione, quindi su aggregati di tipo naturale e inerti
riciclati.
Lo studio ha approfondito anche l’influenza posseduta dalla rigidezza dei buffer, e
l’importanza di una corretta configurazione dello strumento, in termini di rigidezza degli
smorzatori e quindi di durata dell’impulso di carico trasmesso al terreno (load pulse length).
L’obiettivo finale di questa tesi è stato quello di riuscire a trovare una corrispondenza tra i
parametri di deflessione misurabili dal LWD e il livello di addensamento, limitatamente a
sottofondi e a strati di fondazione costituiti da materiali non legati. Il livello di addensamento
è una misura tradizionale per il controllo prestazionale durante le fasi costruttive, ed è di
fondamentale importanza raggiungere determinati livelli di compattazione per assicurare
durabilità e funzionalità della struttura, minimizzare eventuali cedimenti differenziali e quindi
gli oneri collegati ai lavori di sistemazione e ripristino. Tuttavia i metodi classici per la misura
della densità in sito sono lenti e imprecisi.
Le corrispondenze trovate all’interno di questo studio, tra i valori misurabili mediante il LWD
e il livello di addensamento, potrebbero consentire una valutazione molto più veloce e
affidabile della resistenza alle deformazioni permanenti di strati costituiti da materiali non
legati.

PELATIHAN AK3 PUBT
“AHLI K3 PESAWAT UAP BEJANA TEKAN”
*Sertifikasi bekerjasama dengan DEPNAKERTRANS RI*

MATERI
1. UU No. 01/1970 tentang Keselamatan
2. UU dan peraturan uap 1930
3. Per. 01/Men/1982 tentang bejana tekan
4. Per. 02/Men/1982 tentang juru las
5. PP No. : 19/1973
6. PP No. : 11/1979
7. Penilaian design dan konstruksi Pesawat uap/ Steam Power boiler (ASME Code Sec. I)
8. Penilaian design dan konstruksi bejana tekan (ASME Code Sec. VIII Div. 1)
9. Pengetahuan material (ASME Code Sec. II)
10. Pekerjaan pengelasan ( ASME Code Sec. IX)
11. Instalasi jaringan pipa (ANSI B31.1)
12. Tangki timbun (API650)
13. Aplikasi NDT & DT (ASME Code Sec. V)
14. Jenis – Jenis Pesawat Uap
15. Jenis – Jenis Bejana Tekan
16. Air Pengisi Ketel dan Pengolahannya
17. Bahan Bakar dan Pemindahan Panas
18. Alat Perlengkapan dan Alat Pengaman
19. Gas Industri, Karakteristik dan Penanganannya
20. Syarat – Syarat Pabrikasi, Pemeriksaan dan
21. Pembuatan Dokumen / Manufacture Report Pesawat Uap
22. Syarat – Syarat Pabrikasi, Pemeriksaan dan Pembuatan Dokumen / Manufacture Report Bejana Tekan
23. Pola Pembuatan Laporan Inspeksi dan Sertifikasi Kelayakan Pemakaian Pesawat Uap bejana TekanKunjungan Pabrik Pembuat PUBT dan Praktek Inspeksi
24. Pembuatan Laporan Praktek
25. Uji Kompetensi
26. Ujian Praktek
27. Ujian Teori
28. Seminar Kelompok

Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC) uses prefabricated elements that are made continuous using cast-in-place joints. Deck joints are normally referred to as “Closure Joints.” There have been concerns about long-term durability of these joints that are expected to become rapidly serviceable. Normally, they contain reinforcing bars and enclosures of various shapes that in some cases create congestion within the joint. The specific nature of the joint application, in-situ casting, curing, material incompatibility, cold joints, cavities and steel congestion contribute to creating the potential for leaving defects and anomalies in the closure joints. This, in turn, results in a higher potential for exposure and other detrimental effects with possible degradation in time, and therefore reducing the strength and serviceability of the joint, hence creating a weak link for the structure. The long-term deflections and environmental loading will only exacerbate the situation. Hence, evaluation and health monitoring of the closure joints becomes inevitable. Despite the wide use of non-destructive testing (NDT) methods for bridge structures in general, a concerted attempt for categorization of these methods, comparison of capabilities, and selection of methods most applicable to closure joints is lacking. To address this, a research project was carried out as part of activities in the Accelerated Bridge Construction University Transportation Center (ABC-UTC) of Florida International University. This study included a comprehensive literature review with a focus on NDT methods applicable to health monitoring of ABC closure joints. The study focused on joint types relevant to precast concrete decks commonly used for ABC bridges, therefore, FRP (fiber reinforced plastic), timber (wood), and steel of any shape were excluded for the time being. The study resulted in categorizing the most common closure joints in five general groups based on their features affecting the application of the NDT methods. Accordingly, the most promising NDT methods were identified taking into account the distinctive defects and anomalies associated with closure joints. These methods were evaluated for their efficacy, ease of use and other characteristic influencing their use as preferred methods for each type of joint. A flowchart was introduced to assist in selection of the most applicable NDT method to each type of defect in closure joints. This paper summarizes the results of this study.

Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding (P-GMAW) is extensively used in high hi-tech industries for fabrication of materials to gain better productivity and quality. Grade B MS ASTM A 106 is carbon steel material can be easily welded by all types of fusion welding processes for high temperature service. P-GMAW achieves coalescence of metals by melting constantly fed current-carrying wire. This process needs consistent, high-quality welding procedures to accomplishexcellent quality of weld and attractive looking. This requires due to continuous control metal transfer that is essential in P-GMAW for thin metal work pieces. In this paper welding process parameters considered are viz., Current, Gas Flow Rate (GFR) and Wire Feed Rate (WFR). For performance assessment of a weld bead the output variables considered are Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS, N/mm2), Yield Strength (YS, N/mm2) and % of elongation. Trials have been conducted based on Taguchi's L 27 standard orthogonal array.This paper establishes how NDT methods and image processing technique could be applied to MS ASTM A 106 B grade material weld bead for assessment of mechanical properties during destructive testing. Using image processing by multivision techniques for different loading conditions, image features like area and height of weld bead have been extracted.For quality inspection and process monitoring, vision techniques play a significant role. Though vision technology pixel processing and edge recognition are improved consistently and reliably achieved. From the established trend and study conducted it is evident that multivision technique and NDT methods are capable of quantifying the parameters associated with performance of wed bead joints. The trend established using image processing features correlating well with traditional measurement.

Biogas is an alternative energy source that can be found in nature. It can be used to generate electricity, power motor vehicle engines, cook and heat. Biogas can be produced by vegetable waste, cow dung, animal manure etc. The different environmental conditions, temperature, pH value, C: N ratio affect the production of biogas, and the yield of gas is different for various substances. In this work, biogas was generated by using vegetable wastes and cow dung with the variation of temperature and C:N ratio with and without sunlight. The best yield was given by the vegetable waste digester, which was exposed to the sunlight with C: N ratio of 30:1. The residue of the biogas generation plant can be used as a fertilizer.

For a good construction, safe operation and timely maintenance of any bridge structure, a comprehensive structural evaluation becomes necessary. For this purpose, any kind of destructive testing is highly undesirable. Non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) methods provide an ideal means for a quick testing and a comprehensive  valuation of different parameters related to the strength, durability and overall structural integrity of concrete bridges. Some of these parameters are the elastic modulus/ in-situ compressive strength,  uniformity and homogeneity of concrete, presence of cracks, voids and other imperfections, identification of reinforcement profile, cover and diameter, etc. This paper presents the NDT&E of Indian Railways Road bridges. The various NDT&E methods utilized are presented, and the findings are mutually compared to highlight the effectiveness of a particular method in a specific situation or for a specific purpose.

Comprehensive non-destructive testing was carried out on a large reinforced concrete (RC) beam suspected to have poor quality concrete as indicated by the testing of cubes in the laboratory, and delayed initial setting of the concrete in-situ. The testing program yielded data on the quality and uniformity of the concrete along the entire span and depth of the beam. The data indicates that the uniformity of the concrete in terms of its surface hardness (as measured by impact hammer test)

Introduction and Aims: Hemodialysis (HD) patients are characterized by the presence of chronic inflammation, which contributes to the high morbidity and mortality of these patients. Recently, it was demonstrated that HD patients present increased levels of cell-free circulating DNA, probably due to the release of DNA from cellular necrosis and apoptosis. As cell-free DNA could lead to inflammation, and online-hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) technique was proposed to associate a reduction in inflammation, we aimed to evaluate the effect of HD to OL-HDF change in cell-free circulating DNA serum levels. Methods: In this longitudinal study, 59 patients changed from HD to OL-HDF were evaluated before, and ten months after they changed to OL-HDF. The levels of circulating free-cell DNA were evaluated directly in serum samples, as recently described by Goldstein et al. (Ann Clin Biochem 2009; 46:488-94). Moreover, hematological and dialysis adequacy data, iron metabolism and inflammatory markers were also evaluated. Results: HD to OL-HDF change was associated to an improvement in dialysis adequacy, as showed by the significant increase in Kt/Ve and URR. Concerning to hematological data, no differences were found in hemoglobin levels; however, a significant decrease in MCV, RPI, reticulocyte and platelet counts, and a significant increase in MCHC were found. Significant changes in iron metabolism were also observed, namely, an increase in iron, sTfR, and transferrin saturation, and a decrease in transferrin levels. After change from HD to OL-HDF our patients presented a significant decrease in circulating cell-free DNA levels [mean (SD), 8459.6 (1502.6)mg/ mL; mean (SD), 7983.4 (1863.3) mg/mL, P=0.006]. In OL-HDF patients, significant correlations were found between cell-free DNA serum levels and CRP (r=0.361, p=0.002), iron (r=-0.243, p=0.04), sTfR (r=0.260; p=0.027) and rhEPO doses (r=0.280; p=0.017). Conclusions: Our data showed that HD to OL-HDF change is associated to a decreased in cell-free DNA levels, to an improvement in erythropoiesis, resulting from higher iron availability, and in dialysis adequacy, when compared with HD procedure. Moreover, OL-HDF patients present correlations between circulating cell-free DNA levels with inflammation and iron metabolic disturbances, as well as with rhEPO doses, suggesting that a decreased in cell-free DNA could be related to a decreased in cellular necrosis and apoptosis, and in inflammation in OL-HDF patients.

It is preferred to perform conformity assessment of wood-based panels on the whole panel without cutting it down to smaller pieces. The modulus of elasticity, a mechanical property of wood, was determined by longitudinal vibration testing with the full-size panel, and the results were compared with results of tests of prismatic beams. The Brancheriau's correction coefficient was used to compensate for errors from cross-sectional dimension variations and errors from Poisson's ratio. Longitudinal excitation of the panels along the length was shown to be successful in evaluating the modulus of elasticity. However, strong correlations obtained from plate and beam comparisons along the width of the panels are promising.

The Spectral Analysis of Surface Wave (SASW) method is a non-destructive in situ seismic technique used to assess and evaluate the material stiffness (dynamic elastic modulus) and thickness of pavement layers at low strains. These values can be used analytically to calculate load capacities in order to predict the performance of pavement system. The SASW method is based on the dispersion phenomena of Rayleigh waves in layered media. In order to get the actual shear wave velocities, 2-D and 3-D models are used in the simulation of the inversion process for best fitting between theoretical and empirical dispersion curves. The objective of this study is to simulate and compare the 2-D and 3-D model of SASW analysis in the construction of the theoretical dispersion curve for pavement structure evaluation. The result showed that the dispersion curve from the 3-D model was similar with the dispersion curve of the actual pavement profile compared to the 2-D model. The wave velocity profiles also showed that the 3-D model used in the SASW analysis is able to detect all the distinct layers of flexible pavement units. Keywords: 2-D and 3-D stiffness matrix model, SASW, pavement structure.

Introduction and Aims: Hemodialysis (HD) patients are characterized by the presence of chronic inflammation, which contributes to the high morbidity and mortality of these patients. Recently, it was demonstrated that HD patients present increased levels of cell-free circulating DNA, probably due to the release of DNA from cellular necrosis and apoptosis. As cell-free DNA could lead to inflammation, and online-hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) technique was proposed to associate a reduction in inflammation, we aimed to evaluate the effect of HD to OL-HDF change in cell-free circulating DNA serum levels. Methods: In this longitudinal study, 59 patients changed from HD to OL-HDF were evaluated before, and ten months after they changed to OL-HDF. The levels of circulating free-cell DNA were evaluated directly in serum samples, as recently described by Goldstein et al. (Ann Clin Biochem 2009; 46:488-94). Moreover, hematological and dialysis adequacy data, iron metabolism and inflammatory markers were also evaluated. Results: HD to OL-HDF change was associated to an improvement in dialysis adequacy, as showed by the significant increase in Kt/Ve and URR. Concerning to hematological data, no differences were found in hemoglobin levels; however, a significant decrease in MCV, RPI, reticulocyte and platelet counts, and a significant increase in MCHC were found. Significant changes in iron metabolism were also observed, namely, an increase in iron, sTfR, and transferrin saturation, and a decrease in transferrin levels. After change from HD to OL-HDF our patients presented a significant decrease in circulating cell-free DNA levels [mean (SD), 8459.6 (1502.6)mg/ mL; mean (SD), 7983.4 (1863.3) mg/mL, P=0.006]. In OL-HDF patients, significant correlations were found between cell-free DNA serum levels and CRP (r=0.361, p=0.002), iron (r=-0.243, p=0.04), sTfR (r=0.260; p=0.027) and rhEPO doses (r=0.280; p=0.017). Conclusions: Our data showed that HD to OL-HDF change is associated to a decreased in cell-free DNA levels, to an improvement in erythropoiesis, resulting from higher iron availability, and in dialysis adequacy, when compared with HD procedure. Moreover, OL-HDF patients present correlations between circulating cell-free DNA levels with inflammation and iron metabolic disturbances, as well as with rhEPO doses, suggesting that a decreased in cell-free DNA could be related to a decreased in cellular necrosis and apoptosis, and in inflammation in OL-HDF patients.

On a human time-scale, small usages of concrete go back for thousands of years. Structures made of concrete can have a long service life. Concrete is the most widely manufactured and durable construction material. Use of concrete produces a wide range of environmental and social consequences. Some are harmful, some welcome, and some both, depending on circumstances but the evaluation of concrete properties is of great interest, whether to detect altered areas or to control the concrete quality and estimate its compressive strength i.e. Physico Mechanical Properties. The standard methods used to assess the quality of concrete in concrete structures on specimens cannot be considered. The disadvantage of destructive technique is that results are not immediately known, the number of specimens or samples is insufficient for an economic reason, still does not reflect the reality of the structure. One of the principal objectives of the development of Non Destructive Testing (NDT) techniques is a reliable assessment of defects of concrete members even when they are accessible only from a single surface. The Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and Rebound Hammer (RH) tests are often used for assessing the quality of concrete and estimation of its compressive strength. Several parameters influence this property of concrete as the type and size of aggregates, cement content, the implementation of concrete, etc. The main advantage of Ultrasonic Pulse velocity method is to avoid the concrete damage on the performance of building structural components. Additionally, their usage is simple and quick and the test results are available on site and also the cores cannot be drilled. So that, In this present study, we would like to investigate the Physico-Mechanical Properties of the chosen five numbers of Concrete Specimens namely, C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 i.e. Aggregates replaced by broken bricks, Waste ceramic tiles, Addition of Poly Ethylene Glycol (PEG) 400, Aggregates Partially replaced by Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) with Quarry dust and Addition of Sisal fibres, respectively by using the NDT Techniques of Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) and Rebound Hammering (RH). We also interested to correlates the Macro level futures of these chosen Concretes to their micro properties and conclude which is the best replacer of partial aggregates to made eco friendly and quality as well as economically suitable concrete Mixture for general purpose building constructions.

Las industrias de extracción y de transformación o las industrias pesadas de petróleo y petroquímicas, así como las ligeras de alimentación y farmacéuticas requieren de la fabricación de sistemas de líneas (carretos o “spools”), los cuales son definidos como una sección de tubería rodeada por bridas u otros accesorios de conexión, como uniones, para poder transportar productos.
The extraction and processing industries or the heavy oil and petrochemical industries, as well as light feed and pharmaceutical industries require the manufacture of line systems (“spools"), which are defined as a section of pipe surrounded by flanges or other connection fittings, such as joints, in order to transport products.
Es por lo anterior que como fase de mantenimiento de plantas existentes, mejora de procesos y construcción nueva, que la industria de la construcción de instalaciones industriales desarrolla permanentemente una gama de proyectos, que requieren la construcción las tuberías denominadas carretos/”spols” de diferentes tipos e materiales que conectan una variedad de equipos y transportan petróleo, gas, mezclas u otro producto químico de proceso.
It is therefore that, as a phase of maintenance of existing plants, process improvement and new construction, that the industrial facility construction industry permanently develops a range of projects, which require the construction of pipes called spools of different types and materials that connect a variety of equipment and transport oil, gas, mixtures or other process chemical.
La prefabricación en talleres de carretos/spools de tubería ha resultado en un medio de reducir los costos de instalación en el campo y garantizar la calidad en los productos fabricados. Siendo una de las características de los carretos/spools de tubería es que ellos poseen secciones de tubería, bridas y conexiones que permiten facilitar la conexión a otros carretes, permitiendo ensamblar finalmente una línea de proceso que puede ubicarse entre equipos y a lo largo de toda la planta.
Prefabrication in pipe spool workshops has resulted in a means of reducing installation costs in the field and ensuring quality in manufactured products. Being one of the characteristics of spools is that they have pipe sections, flanges and connections that allow easy connection to other spools, allowing to finally assemble a process line that can be located between equipment and throughout the plant.
La fabricación de estos carretes normalmente la realizan empresas de fabricación especializadas que están equipadas con la infraestructura necesaria para hacer el proceso dinámico y más adecuado, con una gama de proyectos ejecutados y completados para diferentes empresas a nivel nacional e internacional.
The manufacture of these spools is usually carried out by specialized manufacturing companies that are equipped with the necessary infrastructure to make the process dynamic and more suitable, with a range of projects executed and completed for different companies nationally and internationally.
Este documento pretende desarrollar este proceso de construcción y sus variables de control, demostrando toda la capacidad técnica, operativa y administrativa que toda empresa  debe poseer para responder a todos los clientes,  logrando la verdadera  satisfacción  de lo ejecutado  y  siempre convencidos  de  tomar  las no conformidades como lecciones aprendidas, desarrollar  la prevención de  los procesos  e inspecciones y  la continua mejora  bajo los lineamientos  y criterios de los estándares de calidad mundiales que requiere  una industria de la construcción que apoya los procesos de la industria petrolera, refinación y procesamiento de crudo y gas natural, petroquímica, farmacéutica, al suministrarles carretos/”spols” de diferentes tipos y materiales con un nivel excelente de calidad y seguridad como una empresa de clase mundial.
 
This document aims to develop this construction process and its control variables, demonstrating all the technical, operational and administrative capacity that every company must possess to respond to all customers, achieving the true satisfaction of what has been executed and always convinced to take nonconformities as lessons learned, develop process prevention and inspections and continuous improvement under the guidelines and criteria of global quality standards required by a construction industry that supports oil industry processes, refining and processing crude oil and natural gas, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, by supplying them with spools of different types and materials with an excellent level of quality and safety as a world-class company.

Abstract
Determination and monitoring of internal cavities and decaying tissue is an important topic to take required precautions in the right time (against to break, a sudden collapse or so) for hazard standing trees. Depending on species and environmental effects, after a certain age some decays are formed by fungi etc. in inner part of trees (particularly in which have non resistant hearth woods) and cavities occurred in progress. It is possible to take some precautions against to undesirable circumstances of protected trees if any signs of damage are visible and noticeable from the exterior. Otherwise it is possible to suddenly break or collaps of these valuable trees. Additionally, hazard trees of urban plantations may cause a variety of material and moral losses even threaten human safety. There are different non-destructive methods that introduced on the determination of internal defects of standing trees. In this paper, the non-destructive inspection methods which allow internally assessment of hazard trees generally introduced and our findings, obtained from large diameter trees from Isparta region by using a thermal camera and IML Resistograph device, shared.
Keywords: NDT, standing tree, internal decay, internal cavity

Granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GIN) is a rare manifestation of renal tuberculosis (TB). We report a case of rapidly progressive renal failure (RPRF), granulomatous inflammation of cervical lymph node and GIN as presenting manifestations of TB. Aspiration cytology of cervical lymph node showed granulomatous necrotizing inflammation with acidfast bacilli (AFB). The renal biopsy and urine specimen did not show AFB. Urine polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was positive. We observe that GIN due to TB can present as RPRF and emphasize the value of PCR-based techniques in making a correct diagnosis.

Small-vessel vasculitides associated with the presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in the serum are characterized by inflammation and necrosis of small vessels. A pauci-immune necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis typically occurs when there is renal damage. Pathogenesis of these diseases remains unclear although infectious, genetic and environmental factors have been involved. Few familial clusters of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies' small-vessel vasculitis are described in the literature. We report two families with first-degree relatives affected with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies' small-vessel vasculitis.

Detecting the cracks is a major challenge in the development of Eddy Current (EC) Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). In fact, the detection sensitivity of EC-NDT depends on the interaction between the crack characteristics and the EC formed in the materials. The induced currents are primarily generated along a single direction in the tested sample. This paper presents a excitation method for generating a ac magnetic field and, consequently,  eddy currents. This method significantly improves the detection of cracks of two different kind of material (non magnetic conductive material and ferromagnetic material). The magnetic flux density signature of the defect is studied using a 2D Finite Element Model FEM.

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Call/ Wa : +62 812-6887-8103 Agent Computed Radiography, Agent Industrial X-ray Film, Camera, Agent crank cable, Agent rigaku portable X-ray Machine, Agent Tungsten colimator, Agent comparator,  Agent Dark Room Lamp, warning lamp, Agent densitometer, Agent grip handling tong, Agent foma density strip, Agent ident box, lead identification, Agent penetrameter, Agent roolpack film hangger, Agent pocket densitometer, Agent radiation alert, Agent lead screen, Agent film hangger, plastik cassete, survey meter, process tank, radiation warning, lead appron, Agent lead glove, Agent barricade, Agent optimax 210-automatic film processor,  Agent radiography film viewer df3, Agent radiography film viewer DF2C15, Agent radiography film viewer DF2D55.

PT. Integra Solution Technology is one of Distributors for NDT (non-destructive-testing) products, both consumables and equipments, located in Batam-Riau Islands.
PT. Integra Solution Technology established in 2010 and served many customers from many sectors using NDT product like Marine Certification & Inspection Companies, Sharing Contractors, Inspection Companies, Fabricatioons and Others
We represent some independent manufactures among other Olympus-USA, Radiography Film FOMA-Czech Rep., 3E NDT-USA, Sherwin-USA, Circle Systems-USA, Rigaku-Japan etcetera.
We are ready to meet customer’s need at a reasonable cost regard ton proper application, efficiency and without delay
Our mission is being the right partner for customers in doing their jobs.
Contact Us :
Call/Wa : +62 812-6887-8103
Website : https://integra-ndt.com

The purpose of this study is to compare the mechanical properties in the form of ultimate tensile strength, ultimate tensile strain and Young’s modulus of an epoxy resin at different curing cycles. The work carried out consisted of investigating the effect of preheating time and then the effect of post-curing time at the same temperature. Five repeats of static tensile tests were then carried out using universal test machine. Results indicated that compared to a shorter epoxy resin preheat duration of 15 min at 80°C, a longer duration of 30 min at 80°C of preheating degrades the material ultimate tensile strength and ultimate tensile strain leading to a stiffer material. However, compared to no further post-curing of the epoxy resin, a two-hour post-cure duration at 80°C slightly increased the ultimate tensile strength and significantly decreased the ultimate tensile strain making the material even stiffer than in the case of preheating. The implication is that in-house cure cycle tests should be carried out to characterize the resin instead of exclusively relying on resin manufacturer proposed cure cycles.

The objective of this study is to identify defects such as surface cracks, subsurface defects and metal losses using feature based pulsed eddy current sensors. A new feature, termed as the rising point, related to the propagation time of electromagnetic waves in metallic targets is proposed for defect classification. Experimental studies of the validation, robustness of the new feature of rising time are reported. In addition to other features, defects can be detected and quantified robustly and lift-off can also be derived from the rising time. Conclusion and further work are derived on the basis of the findings. q

Pain has been reported to be a common problem in the general population and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Although similar data for pre-ESRD patients are lacking, we recently reported that the prevalence of pain is also very high (>70%) among pre-ESRD patients at a Los Angeles County tertiary referral centre. The high prevalence of pain in the CKD population is particularly concerning because pain has been shown to be associated with poor quality of life. Of greater concern, poor quality of life, at least in dialysis patients, has been shown to be associated with poor survival. We herein discuss the pathophysiology of common pain conditions, review a commonly accepted approach to the management of pain in the general population, and discuss analgesic-induced renal complications and therapeutic issues specific for patients with reduced renal function.

Nowadays, one would think that after years of massive concrete and steel construction in Spain, there are not many wood structure buildings left to be refurbished except for some palaces or cathedrals. However, if we go for a walk and have a look at the old part of any city, we will realize that still most of the buildings have a wood structure.

Clinical syndrome of refractory secondary hypertension, renal artery stenosis and secondary erythrocytosis could occur in the same patient. We report a rare case of refractory secondary hypertension, renal artery stenosis and primary erythrocytosis as an expression of polycythaemia rubra vera (PV) and suggest that erythrocytosis in a hypertensive renovascular occlusive disease may be primary due to underlying PV. This clinical syndrome should be excluded in such patients with refractory hypertension.