The Household Meals Project (HMP ) looks at the division of food-related chores (shopping, putting supplies away, food preparation, cleaning up, garbage, and recycling) in 150 middle-class households in suburban and urban New York. The mixed-methods study employs quantitative, qualitative and visual (photographic) data. Issues focused on include: the micro-sociological dynamics of power and accommodation within households; how the praxis of household food chores serves as a distinct power base for women, and one that is transmitted inter-generationally as a vital component of female identity; how the cultural territory of domestic food practices serves as a site where social change is both produced and resisted, often simultaneously; and identification of several socio-historical trends in the U.S. over the last century which have acted to increase the gender imbalance in domestic food work, even as paid work and other domestic labor have moved toward gender equality. These issues all stem from a seemingly simple question: What factors lie behind the continuation of female responsibility for the majority of food-related chores in dual-headed households?
Among the findings: both women and men tend to see the praxis of food chores as a health-related, emotionally freighted vocational discipline--an unpaid job particularly geared toward women that engages the work ethic traditionally associated with paid employment--rather than as a neutral set of tasks that can be done equally well by anyone. In addition, a comparison of chore-specific data from a 1980s study with the HMP 's data reveals identifiable change in who does the work, while still maintaining female-dominated "ownership" of these responsibilities.
This work explores how the combination of personal expectations and experiences, larger social trends, and the physical setting of kitchens influence and shape the daily fulfillment of food-related responsibilities. Through this synthesis, it becomes clear that the food-related home environment--conscious, unconscious, physical, and symbolic--serves as a source of both social stability and instability as it reflects and generates social change. Far from a passive repository of private practices, household meals are seen to be a potent force in cultural, political, and economic life.

Basta de Genocidio Trans (Stop the Trans Genocide) is a report that introduces and classifies the main human rights violations against the trans women of Latin America and the Caribbean based on the information gathered in 2018 by thirteen NTROs (national transgender rights organizations) from Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay and Uruguay.

Através de relatos e análises autoetnográficas, a proposta deste artigo é (1) refletir sobre processos de invisibilização e marginalização de pessoas trans nos cistemas de saúde, situados em um contexto histórico mais amplo de discriminação e injustiça contra estas pessoas; e (2) realizar apreciações críticas dos processos de resistência contra a patologização e normatização das diversidades de gênero, enfatizando sua fundamentação em direitos humanos e na autonomia corporal e sobre identidades de gênero, e considerando algumas possibilidades e limites para as mudanças necessárias nestes cistemas.

As reflexões e apreciações são realizadas a partir de uma perspectiva transfeminista intersecional, que procura analisar criticamente as complexas interseções entre cisnormatividade e outros vetores de diferenciação sociocultural, e como tais complexidades têm significativas implicações para o desenho, implementação e avaliação de políticas públicas para a saúde que sejam efetivamente promotoras da dignidade humana – defendendo a ideia, assim, da identidade de gênero como vetor intersecional crítico.

Neste sentido, tal perspectiva implica em (1) defender a identidade de gênero como uma esfera das experiências humanas que deve ser respeitada em sua autonomia e legitimidade, incluindo-se a atenção adequada no campo da saúde naquilo que se refere a informações, acesso a recursos e procedimentos a partir de consentimento informado, formas de tratamento pessoal, entre outros elementos; (2) propor reflexões críticas no sentido de considerar a intersecionalidade como um conceito fundamental para efetivar melhorias e redefinições em marcos epistemológicos, procedimentos metodológicos e também nos processos de construção, implementação e avaliação de políticas públicas na saúde; e (3) pensar nas necessárias contribuições que podem ser trazidas ao campo específico da saúde de pessoas trans caso protagonismos trans intersecionalmente diversos sejam ativamente promovidos, a partir da percepção de que este pode ser o melhor ideal de organização decisória para garantir dignidade humana, justiça e o “padrão mais alto alcançável de saúde” (ver ICJ, 2007:24) para a população, grupo, comunidade trans.

Übersicht: Das Modell der Informierten Zustimmung bietet Trans*-Men-schen einen alternativen Zugang zur gegengeschlechtlichen Hormonbehandlung. Um die gegengeschlechtliche Hormonbehandlung beginnen zu können, muss nach Maßgabe dieses Modells keine Psychotherapie durchgeführt werden. In der Folge reduzieren sich – je nach Gesundheitssystem – finanzielle Belastungen sowie Verzögerungen beim Zugang zu geschlechtsangleichenden Behandlungsmaßnahmen. Statt einer Fachkraft für psychische Gesundheit ist die primäre Gesundheitsfachkraft für das erste Erfassen der psychischen Gesundheit verantwortlich, und stellt fest, ob der_die Klient_in eine informierte Zustimmung zur angestrebten Behandlung geben kann. Das Modell der Informierten Zustimmung wird im Callen-Lorde Community Health Center seit mehr als zwanzig Jahren angewandt. Das Modell integriert die Trans*-Gesundheitsversorgung in die allgemeinmedizinische Grundversorgung und betont auf diese Weise deren ganzheitlichen Charakter. Das Modell der Informierten Zustimmung steht im Einklang mit der 7. Version der Versorgungsempfehlungen der World Professional Association for Transgender Health. Eine Überprüfung der Daten von N = 1714 Patienten für einen Zeitraum von zwei Jahren ergab weder ein Bedauern der Entscheidung noch eine Umkehr geschlechtsangleichender Operationen.

This article is focused on the grammatical and social aspects of the use of feminatives in the Ukrainian language. It was shown that the unreasonable use of feminatives may result in a number of inconsistencies leading to violation of grammatical and phonological rules and to the degradation of the language expressive ability. Helping little to make a woman more visible, this practice leaves no room to correctly denote non-binary persons and personified objects. It was shown also that the feminatives with the final «-kynja» are questionable from the phonological view. To resolve the grammatical issues resulting from the feminative usage, we propose to recognize the general gender that, similarly to the common one, is a complex gender. In contrast to the common gender, the general gender combines simple genders by means of the logical «OR» instead of the «AND». The corresponding names should be used in place of the masculine nouns in the generalizing function.

Sexual difference isn't tied to feminism but prompts its enquiry, according to Judith Butler 1 . Similarly, psychoanalytical notions of sexual difference and the contingency of those identities to the phallus are not only open to feminist critique; there are other theoretical questions to be asked of the entity which is said to structure subjectivity in psychoanalytical thinking, especially because of philosophical complexity that Lacan introduces to Freud's framework This essay will examine two serious challenges to Lacan's expounding of the phallus. First, a feminist critique which asserts that ideas about subjectivity that centre on the phallus are sexist and / or force home a patriarchal viewpoint leaving feminists without a voice; and second, that Lacan's own concept destroys its own very foundations.

Este documento es una invitación a todas las personas que componen las comunidades educativas de  educación básica y media en Colombia: a de repensarse el horizonte educativo como un espacio para la transformación de las inequidades sociales, sustentadas en el sexismo, la homofobia, la lesbofobia, la bifobia y la transfobia y, por tanto, contribuir a la construcción de una paz estable, sostenible y duradera desde la cotidianidad, al hacer efectivo lo estipulado en la Constitución Política de Colombia, en su artículo 67, que establece que la educación es un derecho fundamental de todas las personas y su función se centra en la formación de ciudadanas y ciudadanos en el respeto a los derechos humanos, la paz y la democracia.

Male chauvinism is the belief that men are morally superior to women. Female chauvinism is the belief that women are morally superior to men. Both depend on the assumption of essential or natural gender differences between men and women with regards to thinking styles, most easily summarized as male principle-based thinking and female empathic thinking. There is no evidence for such a gender difference, however, but there is evidence that differences in experience and circumstances can lead to relevant differences. People who care (often women) become more caring, for example. By implication, gender chauvinism is based on false premises, and therefore, its superiority claims are false as well. Moreover, because both male and female chauvinism imply that it is socially preferable if women focus on caring tasks and occupation before taking on other jobs, both promote the same social inequality, and consequently, female chauvinism is anti-feminist.

The present study focuses on the causes of gender-based inequality, as evidenced by the cultural and symbolic structures of art and as noticed in its institutional manifestations, with the problematic visibility of female artists in major exhibitions and national collections, as well as its ideological affirmations, through the view of the female body and its place in state- exhibited art. Central focus of the research is a bipartite mapping of the visibility of the female presence, as an artistic subject and as a visual object in Athenian museums, based on the case study of the National Sculpture Gallery of Athens. This study also suggests a curatorial proposal for a potential exhibition, selecting a series of works, currently displayed at the National Sculpture Gallery, created by male and female artists, depicting the installation of the female body in the location of the museum, narrated by the dominant authoritative discourses. The reflection is localized in the gradual renewal of the female role in the field of visual creation from the part of the muse to an artistic subject, a shift dictated by the gradual mitigation of gender stereotypes, both in real life and in also the micro-world of the museum, dictated by gender regulatory mechanisms.

2. Sexting is often coercive. Sexting does not refer to a single activity but rather to a range of activities which may be motivated by sexual pleasure but are often coercive, linked to harassment, bullying and even violence. There is no easy line to be drawn between sexting and bullying, for instance, and much may be learned from anti-cyberbullying initiatives to address the problem of sexting. To achieve this, teachers, parents and other adults must be willing to discuss sexual matters and sexual bullying and cyberbullying with teenagers, including as part of existing anti-bullying initiatives.

This paper challenges post-feminist discourses and recuperative masculinity politics in education that have evoked mythical constructions of the successful ‘achieving’ girl in ways that flatten out social and cultural difference and render invisible
ongoing gendered and sexualised inequalities and violence in the social worlds of schools and beyond. We map how girls negotiate contradictory neo-liberal discourses of girlhood that dominate in popular culture; what McRobbie calls the new ‘post-feminist masquerade’, which portends that girls can be/come anything
they want, so long as they simultaneously perform ‘hyper-sexy’, the new aspirational feminine ideal. Drawing on individual case studies from four qualitative research projects with teen girls in urban and rural working class communities across England and Wales, we explore how specific ‘working-class’ girls struggle to
negotiate this contradictory terrain of girlhood through imaginary ‘lines of flight’ in their narratives. Specifically, we are interested in applying Deleuze and Guatarri’s writings on immanence and the productive, social status of desire and fantasy through an analysis of girls’ (violent, aggressive or utopian) fantasies in ways that move beyond the binary of ‘real/not real’, and thus reject a reading of fantasy as futile, ‘escapist’ or ‘pathological solutions to working class life’. We suggest fantasy might operate as a space of survivability, political subjectivity and resistance to girls’ subordination within Butler’s ‘heterosexual matrix’.

Este volumen aborda los cambios de las comunidades de la Edad del Hierro en el Alto Duero (Soria, España), en términos de poder e identidades. Los principales temas abordados son el establecimiento del asentamiento estable en la región, el surgimiento de centros urbanos, la construcción de autoridad y genealogías, las transformaciones identitarias durante el primer milenio a. n. e. y los encuentros con Roma. Combinando un amplio conjunto de datos arqueológicos con referencias históricas, datos antropológicos y Sistemas de Información Geográfica, este trabajo aporta información esencial sobre cómo funcionaron y se transformaron las sociedades del primer milenio a. n. e.

This volume explores the changes in Iron Age communities in the Upper Duero River (North-Central Spain), in terms of power and identities. The main topics addressed are the establishment of a stable settlement in the region, the emergence of urban centres, the construction of authority and genealogies, identity transformations over the first millennium BCE, and encounters with Rome. Using a large body of archaeological data in combination with historical references, anthropological insights and Geographical Information Systems, this work contributes valuable information on how Iron Age societies worked and transformed.

Talk of gender identity is at the core of heated current philosophical and political debates. Yet, it is unclear what it means to have one. I examine several ways of understanding this concept in light of core aims of trans writers and activists. Most importantly, the concept should make good trans people’s understanding of their own gender identities and help understand why misgendering is a serious harm and why it is permissible to require information about people’s gender identities in public life. I conclude that none of the available accounts meets these essential criteria, on the assumption that the gender norms of femininity and masculinity are unjustified. But we can, and should, pursue the feminist project without “gender identity”. Such feminism can include trans people because it is possible to account for the specific harm of misgendering without assuming a claim to the recognition of our gender identities. I conclude that we should eliminate the concept of “gender identity.” To understand the phenomena that are putatively captured by “gender identity,” we are better off employing other concepts, such as “sexual dysphoria,” (assigned or aspirational) “gender roles,” and (internalised or endorsed) “gender norms”. These concepts can usefully replace “gender identity” in an individual evaluation of each of the trans people’s claims to inclusion into particular spaces.

This paper draws on school-based ethnographic research in two elementary schools (South Wales, UK and Oulu, Finland) to explore the ‘ordinary affects’ (Stewart 2009) of gendered/sexual power in young children's (age 5-6) negotiation of their own and others’ bodies in playground and classroom spaces. We apply queer and feminist appropriations of Deleuze and Guattari’s key concepts of ‘assemblage’, ‘becomings’ and ‘territorialisations’, not to pin down what a kiss is, but to explore the kiss as always more than itself, and thus what (else) a kiss can do. To explore the affective journey of the kiss as an always-relational social-material event, we sketch a range of kissing assemblages across four vignettes – ‘the kiss chase’, ‘the classroom kiss’, ‘the kissing line’ and ‘the dinosaur kiss’ – mapping the enabling/restriction of a range of gendered and sexual becomings. Each vignette foregrounds the complex, contradictory nature of children’s gendered and sexual cultures which we argue are vital to map in a socio-political terrain where discourses of denial, silence and (over)protection dominate accounts of how young children are doing, being and becoming ‘sexual’.

Gender identities have always been portrayed in classical and folk cultures all across the world, from Brihannala in the Mahabharata to drag fashion of today; the male character has gone through a lot of identities throughout the ages. This paper is based on the changing representations of gender identities and corresponding categories of fashion and clothing, in the Indian context, with reference to western ideals of popular culture. From the very beginning of the male portraying the female in traditional temple dances or folk forms of theatre; and the tabooing of the overtly 'feminine' male as a target of ridicule in Bollywood movies-to the acceptance of genderless clothing in high fashion; this paper aims at following the changing representations and narratives of mostly drag, cross-dressing and LGBT individuals as people with valid choices and opinions. Bollywood being the very face of popular culture in India-this paper aims at tracing a few characters from popular movies; thus focusing on the changing representations of gender and sex as separating parameters. This paper also aims at pointing out certain new fashion terminologies related to changing gender identities for evaluation with urban students of fashion design and related disciplines; and hypothesize on the basis of opinions of the generation that is going to be at the giving and receiving end of changing gender representation in popular culture. This paper finds its relevance in the fast changing virtual and social scenario of contemporary time; in the middle of multiple events shaping freedoms and boundaries of self-representations in fashion-as an Indian viewpoint separate in identity from the western one.

This paper aims to provide an overview of the main theoretical approaches on gender, following the logic of theoretical development and progress from the structural-functionalist perspective to the constructivist (interactionist, ethnomethodological) one and, further, to the deconstructivist paradigm in social sciences. In this respect, there are addressed first the theoretical approaches regarding gender socialization, roles and identities, attention focusing particularly on T. Parsons and E. Goffman's perspectives, followed by H. Garfinkel's ethnomethodological view on heteronormativity and naturalization of the binary sexual status. The paper continues with approaching the concept of "doing gender" introduced by C. West and D.H. Zimmerman in 1987, and the theoretical debate opened by this concept. Finally there are presented some approaches and conceptualizations of gender from the perspective of the deconstructivist current, such as the conception of gender as a result of symbolic representations, the challenging of the differentiation made between sex (biological) and gender (socio-cultural roles attributed to the sex), as well as the theoretical discussions about "undoing gender" and "redoing gender".

This viewpoint begins by exploring whether the global phenomenon of the 2011 ‘SlutWalks’ constitutes a feminist politics of re-signification. We then look at some qualitative, focus group data with teen girls who participated in a UK
SlutWalk. We suggest girls are not only negotiating a schizoid double pull towards performing knowing sexy ‘slut’ in postfeminist media contexts, but also managing de-sexualising protectionist discourses in school, particularly in relation to the highly regulatory moral panic over child ‘sexualistion’. We consider whether the SlutWalks are adult-centric and if teen girls’ involvement in a SlutWalk offered any critical rupturings to sexual regulation in their everyday lives.

Σκοπός του Οδηγού αυτού είναι η έγκυρη πληροφόρηση και καθοδήγηση των ανθρώπων που βίωσαν, βιώνουν ή φοβούνται ότι θα βιώσουν βία ή διάκριση - λόγω της ταυτότητας/έκφρασης φύλου τους ή/και του σεξουαλικού τους προσανατολισμού - αλλά και όλων των επαγγελματιών κοινωνικών φορέων/υπηρεσιών του δημόσιου και ιδιωτικού τομέα, που έρχονται σε επαφή μαζί τους.

Η παρούσα έκδοση αποτελεί μέρος του έργου "Πες το σ' εμάς", το οποίο υλοποιεί η ΜΚΟ Colour Youth - Κοινότητα LGBTQ Νέων Αθήνας με επιχορήγηση από το Πρόγραμμα Επιχορήγησης ΜΚΟ στην Ελλάδα «Είμαστε όλοι Πολίτες», που εντάσσεται στον Χρηματοδοτικό Μηχανισμό του Ευρωπαϊκού Οικονομικού Χώρου Περιόδου 2009 – 2014 και χρηματοδοτείται από την Ισλανδία, το Λιχτενστάιν και τη Νορβηγία. Διαχειριστής Επιχορήγησης του Προγράμματος είναι το Ίδρυμα Μποδοσάκη.

Οι απόψεις που εκφράζονται στην παρούσα έκδοση είναι των συγγραφέων και δεν απηχούν απαραίτητα τις απόψεις του Χρηματοδοτικού Μηχανισμού του ΕΟΧ ή του Ιδρύματος Μποδοσάκη.

En Argentina, los movimientos travestis de lucha contra la represión policial y la discriminación y por el reconocimiento de sus derechos nacen en 1993. A pesar de los avances logrados, estos grupos continúan siendo perseguidos y deben enfrentar diariamente dispositivos sociales discriminatorios. En este trabajo analizo lingüísticamente dos entrevistas a travestis que denuncian abusos policiales. Ambos corpora puede considerarse casos testigo, ya que se sitúan respectivamente en los inicios de la aparición mediática de las travestis y en la actualidad: la primera entrevista, realizada por Susana Giménez a tres militantes travestis, fue emitida en 1993; la segunda, realizada por Anabela Ascar a Zulma Lobato, fue emitida en abril de 2009. Mi trabajo se enmarca en el Análisis Crítico del Discurso y, por lo tanto, busca revelar las representaciones sociales y discursivas en ambos textos. Para ello utilizo los siguientes métodos de análisis: análisis de la jerarquización de la información y de la tonalización, análisis de procesos y roles temáticos, de la argumentación, y el análisis sincrónico-diacrónico. Tomaré también algunos elementos del análisis multimodal. El resultado principal del trabajo es la exposición de las variadas estrategias discursivas mediante las cuales ambos programas mitigan las denuncias de las travestis.

Paper title Queering Skeletal Sex Assessment at Worthy Park, Hampshire, England
Author Ms. Downer, Abigail Górkiewicz, Trent University, Stouffville, Canada (Presenting author)
Co-author(s) Williams, Dr. , Trent University, Peterborough, Canada
Topic Theoretical and methodological perspectives in archaeology
Keywords TH3-05
  Mortuary Archaeology
  Queer theory
  Skeletal Sex assessment
Presentation Preference Poster
Abstract text

One of the first things bioarchaeologists do after coming across human skeletal remains is to assess the basic biological characteristics of an individual: their age and sex. Sex assessment involves looking at morphological and metrical characteristics in the skeleton that allows researchers to place an individual in one of six available sex categories: male, female, possible male/female, ambiguous, or indeterminate. Often, these categories are collapsed into two categories (male and female) in two ways; 1) possible males/females are incorporated into the male and female categories, or are excluded; 2) skeletons sexed as ambiguous are either left unreported or are seen as errors of the acting researcher. These approaches may leave out variability in biological sex that is naturally observed in humans, and may impede researchers investigating non-binary gender and sex identities.

In order to test this approach, this research investigated the early Anglo-Saxon Worthy Park burial ground in Hampshire, England using queer, performance theory, and Marxism. Worthy Park was chosen because it represents a cultural complex that is thoroughly reported; the remains are excellently preserved, and the burial ground contains a large number of inhumation burials with a diversity of burial offerings. This research found that at Worthy Park, the most closely clustered individuals were males based on their burial offerings, with subadults following closely behind; possible males/females were not numerous enough to make a precise conclusion while females were the most diverse of all sex assessment categories in terms of burial assemblages.

Paper internet id 186

RESUMEN
Este trabajo recoge algunos de los debates propuestos por las teorías críticas, que
ponen de relieve el análisis del derecho más allá de su aspecto formal, poniendo
en evidencia que el derecho actúa en diferentes dimensiones produciendo categorías
que a primera vista son de difícil identificación, pero que son relevantes en la
producción de significados que aportan en el mantenimiento del orden social imperante.
Desde esta perspectiva, el derecho es observado como un discurso social
que produce el objeto sobre el que interviene, dota de sentido a las conductas de
las personas y legitima las estructuras de dominación. Las teorías feministas que
se adscriben a esta posición proponen complejizar la relación género y derecho,
identificando en su discurso los códigos culturales que utiliza para la construcción
de las identidades de género.

ABSTRACT
This paper gathers some of the debates proposed by critical theories, which
emphasize on the analysis of law beyond its formal aspect, providing evidence
that the law acts in different dimensions, thus producing categories that, at first
sight, are identified with difficulty, but are nonetheless relevant in the production
of meanings that contribute to keeping the prevailing social order. From this perspective, the law is observed as a social discourse that produces the object over
which it intervenes, gives meaning to people’s behavior and legitimizes the structures
of domination. Feminist theories, which hold on to this position, propose the
promlematization of the gender and law relationship, identifying in its discourse
the cultural codes that are used in the construction of gender identities.

The aspiration of this study is to provide a lens to students’ emerging multiple identities, especially gender identities. The present study does not concern with the notion of typicality or representativeness but with the particularities and complexity together in the given context. Social media presents a fertile site for investigation of the discursive construction of emerging identities. In this study, one particular identity emerging along with L2 language learner identity through interactions is found to be gender identity. It was intertwined with other aspects of identity such as friendship and solidarity. The study revealed how social-community building of the students has been established through jokes, sarcasm and sharing by utilizing multi modalities in social media and foregrounding their gender identities.

The aim of this paper is to present an overview of research on gender identity development of children raised either in same-sex families or by a non-heterosexual parent. Not only is it significant to explore whether the families under consideration socialise their children in any different way than heterosexual parents do. It is also worth investigating whether or nor children from non-heteronormative families exhibit any traits stereotypically ascribed to their sex/gender to a greater extent than their peers from heterosexual families. As it turns out, stronger gender nonconformity of children from non-heterosexual families may be one of very few differences between children from these two family models.

In the period of reconstruction following the collapse of legislated Apartheid in South Africa (culminating in the first elections in 1994), pressure has been exerted on professions to restructure and reform themselves to provide services that are more appropriate for a South African context. Organised psychology in South Africa has responded in a number of ways: through a reorganisation of the professional bodies that govern the practice of psychology; through a consideration of what a 'relevant' psychology might be; and through a restructuring of the training programmes in psychology offered in South African universities.

Irish men have received little critical attention as gendered subjects. Historically, masculinities were invisible in Irish society. Thus, this article will contribute to the visibility of Irish masculinities and the critical study of men, by sociologically examining Irish men’s conceptualisation of masculinity and their understanding of what it means to be a man in contemporary Irish society. Using masculinities as the primary theoretical and analytical lens, this article draws from 9 focus groups conducted with 44 Irish men, which explored their views about masculinities and about being a man in contemporary Ireland. The men in this study presented a complex conceptualisation of masculinity shaped by a traditional past and a fast changing present. This paper reveals complexities at play between men’s conceptualisation of how to be a man in contemporary Ireland and their lived experiences as men. The findings of this study suggest some Irish men are moving away from a rigid and stereotypical notion of masculinity to a more fluid and progressive construct. This paper argues the ambiguity, contradiction and fluidity of Irish masculinities gives some men greater flexibility in how they express their gender identity.

This article based upon in-depth interviews with two brothers who have been working as barbers in Beyoğlu, the cultural center of Istanbul, since the 1960s examines their ways of narrating their life stories. The main argument of the article is that men's different types of narratives correspond to different forms of masculinity. These two barbers display quite different forms of masculunity through their narratives. The main characteristics of what might perhaps be called hegemonic "masculinity" are found in the narrative constructed by the elder brother Tarık Bey. He places himself into the center of his narrative as an ambitious man with a capacity to impress others and talks about "facts of life" and events avoiding anecdotes and stories as much as possible. He tends to make generalizations and present explanations about "life" and focuses upon his ambitions and attempts to achieve them. His brother, Hasan Bey, is particularly keen on talking about everything in the form of stories rather than focusing upon his achievements. Interestingly, he never appears to be a central or even active subject in these stories dominated by women. Another axis of the article is the way these two men relate to a famous movie star, Türkân Şoray, who also appears to be a recurring theme in their narratives. Hasan Bey focuses upon how he has been impressed by Türkân Şoray, whom he has always followed not as a distant figure, but rather like a family member whose life and achievements can be told in anecdotes full of emotional attachment. Tarık Bey, on the contrary, maintains a distance between himself as a viewer and Türkân Şoray, who appears to be admired as a "woman" and to be "envived" as a star.

When confronted with archaeological human remains, one of the first things bioarchaeologists do is determine the sex of the skeletons. Skeletal sex assessment involves metric and morphological methods, but are usually placed into one of six sex assessment categories: male/female, possible male/female, ambiguous, or indeterminate. However, these categories are often reduced to just male and female during analysis and in discussion: possible males/females are placed into the male and female categories respectively while ambiguous and indeterminate are briefly mentioned or are not included. This prevents researchers from accessing possible biological sex and gender ambiguity in past cultures. In order to allow for the possibility of biological sex variation and multiple genders, this research: 1) demonstrates the variety of ethnographic, ethnohistoric, historic, and medical data on non-binary sex and gender identities the world over; 2) keeps intact all available osteological sex assessment categories without collapsing them into a binary system; and 3) uses hierarchical cluster and correspondence analysis with all available artefact, grave, and biological variables in a well-researched mortuary sample.

Το παρόν σημείωμα εξετάζει την διαμόρφωση της γυναικείας ταυτότητας στην μεταξική περίοδο διαμέσου μιας διπλής προσέγγισης: την ανάλυση των αντιφάσεων και των καταβολών του μεταξικού ιδεολογικού λόγου σε ότι αφορά στα ζητήματα της έμφυλης - και εν προκειμένω γυναικείας - ταυτότητας, αλλά και την πρόσληψη και την ιδιαίτερη χρήση τoυ λόγου αυτού από τα ίδια τα υποκείμενα που στοχεύει να διαμορφώσει μέσω της λειτουργίας ενός νεοτερικού συγκεντρωτικού θεσμού (Εθνική Οργάνωση Νεολαίας).

With the objective of understanding what the dynamics are that explain girls selecting less scientific-technical fields, the present paper is focused on analysing the mechanisms that contribute to the reproduction of horizontal segregation in the choice of fields of study among students during compulsory secondary education (ESO). The analysis uses the assumption that the social construction of gender identities distances girls from fields of study connected with scientific-technological disciplines. The empirical work in this study was based on observations in schools, the analysis of mathematics and technology textbooks and in-depth interviews of both boys and girls.

The aim of this study is to identify the negotiation of boundaries between the social identities of gender. This process focuses on the prevailing perceptions of the social role of the man and the woman. It attempts to identify the different reasons for seeking divorce between men and women and the integration of these differences in a social context and determine the qualitative characteristics of the gender ratio of women and men that is articulated by the invocation of divorce. This research
has a historical character and focuses on the period from 1647 to 1923 and is realized within the Ottoman Orthodox Christian communities and the divorces issued by these. This study uses content analysis to examine divorces. The most significant
source of data collection, for the content analysis, constituted published and unpublished Codes of Metropolises from the Ottoman Christian communities, such as the Metropolitan Codes of: Larissa:1647-1868, Mytilini:1705-1773, Veria:1825-1862,
Triikalon:1828-1865, Moglenon & Florinas:1901-1909. The process of divorce was a different function of the Spiritual Courts within a predetermined law. Issues, like alimony after the dissolution of marriage, dowry cases, disputes arising as a consequence of dissolution of marriage or betrothal, are listed in the Codes of the Spiritual Courts. In this study, the gender is used as a social and cultural construction. Also, it is argued that the social gender identity is formed through a process of
‘performativity’, namely, through adaptation on the dominant social ideals.
Keywords:Divorces, Ottoman Christian Communities, Stereotypes, Gender Identities, Social Identities.

Abstract
I analyze Lucía Puenzo’s film
XXY (Argentina, 2007) from the
prism of the relation between the
living matter of the Uruguayan
coast and the film’s proposal
regarding sexual diversity.
I suggest the phrase sexual
ectoentity to distinguish the way
in which the film represents
the connection of the body, sex
and gender in fictionalizing an
intersex case by associating
human animals with amphibians
and reptiles typical of the coast,
especially marine turtles that
migrate crossing the Atlantic
and are currently an endangered
species. Insofar as turtles as
turtles are not only ectothermic
but also temperature dependent
for their sex determination, they
represent a singular relational
dynamism of living matter that
runs the risk of extinction in our
era and that the film associates
with sexual variation.

Adolescent females, particularly urban and low-income youth of color, are at particular risk for HIV infection. This article uses an empowerment perspective to consider the degree to which intrapersonal and interpersonal power dynamics in heterosexual relations have an impact on condom use among high-risk youth. Participants in this study were 333 African American and European American urban youth, ages 14-19 years, who were heterosexually active. Measures focused on interpersonal and intrapersonal factors thought to be associated with condom use. This model was most useful in predicting condom use among women and least useful in predicting condom use among male participants. Implications for empowerment theory and future research are discussed.

Since the early days of cinema, gender roles have been portrayed in films according to the prevailing traditional and patriarchal stereotypes that have for a long time assigned more or less fixed social and psychological attributes to women and men. However, cinema's history has also inevitably reflected major political, economic and sociocultural changes, which have affected the roles of women and men within their societies and their cultures. This series of Dossiers explores how female and male gender roles have evolved and how films continue to reflect, but also consolidate or challenge, the representations of women and men on the screen.
Part of the project: "Cinema and sexual and gender identities
Part 2 and Part 3 are also available at Academia.edu and at https://www.cinemafocus.eu

This viewpoint begins by exploring whether the global phenomenon of the 2011 'SlutWalks' constitutes a feminist politics of re-signification. We then look at some qualitative, focus group data with teen girls who participated in a UK SlutWalk. We suggest girls are not only negotiating a schizoid double pull towards performing knowing sexy 'slut' in postfeminist media contexts, but also managing de-sexualising protectionist discourses in school, particularly in relation to the highly regulatory moral panic over child 'sexualistion'. We consider whether the SlutWalks are adult-centric and if teen girls' involvement in a SlutWalk offered any critical rupturings to sexual regulation in their everyday lives.

espanolEn este estudio partimos de pensar a las mujeres como agentes de cambio que se apropian de diferentes espacios de resistencia, para reivindicar demandas de mejora de las condiciones de genero y de la precariedad de sus vidas. A traves del analisis de narrativas de mujeres feministas que residen y tienen incidencia en el estado de Baja California, se discute la perspectiva de la interseccionalidad y su relacion con los planteamientos sobre las identidades complejas. Para ello, se propone un esquema analitico de los discursos feministas, considerando las diferencias generacionales, etnicas y de posicion social. Con ello, se logra dar cuenta de la condicion de opresion de genero como un elemento compartido, mas no como componente unificador, asi como de los mecanismos de configuracion de la intersubjetividad feminista. EnglishThe point of beginning of this study is the idea that women are agents of change, who are acting in different spaces of resistance, and who claim demands f...

The trans body in transition is a complex negotiation, a continual self-examination consisting of building and rebuilding of the self in relation to the transitioning body and to the social, cultural and linguistic structures of gender norms and binary differences. Ways in which trans men embody masculinity while renegotiating their transitioning bodies cannot be fully understood without considering the sociocultural parameters that define cisgender (not transgender) male characteristics, bodies, and masculinities which trans men knowingly or unknowingly may aspire to embody. Physiology or physical differences may become a salient factor in the perception, embodiment or selection of a normative masculinity. There may also be a sense of loss and a mismatch between the performative masculinity and the emergent masculinity, shifting as trans men relate to and/or choose to subvert the conceptions of the dominant societal characteristics of masculinity. This paper aims to gain insight on the specific social and affective factors that impact trans men's definitions, performance and navigation of their own masculinity. The author will share findings from a qualitative study conducted using semi-structured interviews with trans men of different age groups. The research is driven by the following questions: What meaning do trans men ascribe to normative constructs of masculinity while constructing their body and in what ways does this meaning attach to and apply a given masculinity to the trans male body? What salient linguistic practices do trans men orient themselves towards to exercise or exert their own conceptions of masculinity? In what ways trans men’s self-identification and assertion of their masculinities dependent or independent of relational and social meanings, characteristics and perspectives ascribed to masculinity?

Key words: Trans men, performativity, masculinity, gender identities, embodiment

This article is published as a research-in-progress.