The development of science and technology in Malaysia, like most developing countries, is state-led and state-driven, rather than a result of laissez-faire conditions. But in recent times, even in the developed world the development of science and technology has to some extent been influenced by the state. The existence of National Innovation Systems, and policies pertaining to the environment, testify to this. In Malaysia, our science and technology policy, which was first articulated in 1986 during the period of the Fifth Malaysia Plan, was designed as an integral part of the national economic policy, and not independently of it. The development of science and technology in other words, was meant to be an instrument for economic growth. Science and technology was to serve as an investment item and not as a consumption item. Thus government spending on S&T was closely related to those sectors which had been targeted by the government to serve as engines of economic growth. In the 1970s this was largely the agricultural sector, in the 1980s it began to shift towards the industrial sector (Hing Ai Yun 1986), and in the 1990s it shifted again towards the ICT industry (Dieter-Evers 2001). Thus developments in S&T closely parallels government efforts in economic development, and in some cases are even causally connected as in R&D expenditure in the agricultural sector, for example through government research institutes (GRI’s) such as the Rubber Research Institute (RRI), Malaysian Agricultural Research Institute (MARDI), and Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia (PORIM).

Journal of technology management & …, 2012

Having recognized the importance of designing Science, Technology and Innovation policies (STIP), many Less Developed Countries (LDCs) such as Iran have nowadays attempt to reshape their STI policies. The policy makers of LDCs like Iran can adopt and design suitable strategies learning from the successful experiences of prosperous nations. This paper performs a comparative analysis of STI policies of some successful countries in managing their technological change. This is mostly due to the fact that the other LDCs can draw valuable lessons from these success stories which in turn can also contribute to success in their own short and long term development. Firstly, the empirical experiences of some successful nations namely (Brazil, India, China, South Africa and South Korea) will be studied. The empirical experience in STI policymaking will be surveyed. The most critical success factors contributed mostly to their management of STI policies will also be compared. Finally, a general framework of STI policymaking drawing from the experiences of these countries will be proposed for other LDCs like Iran.

2018

Malaysia's R&D landscape has grown tremendously over the last decade. Malaysia has put serious efforts in improving its research, development and innovation activities. As a result, Malaysia has managed to stand at par with many developed countries with regard to its competitiveness through adopting science and technology policies and taking significant actions to increase the research and development infrastructure in the past deeades. The country has also witnessed a marked increase in a number of R&D activities. In every cycle of Malaysia Plan, emphasis is given to R&D. During the Tenth Plan, series of actions to strengthen ecosystem were undertaken, among others include shaping a supportive ecosystem by creating enabling environment for stakeholders to carry out innovation activities, and providing funds for research development and commercialisation (R&D&C) initiatives. This is due to the fact that innovation is crucial for the development agenda to increase productivity an...

International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development, 2007

Journal of technology management & innovation, 2012

Having recognized the importance of designing Science, Technology and Innovation policies (STIP), many Less Developed Countries (LDCs) such as Iran have nowadays attempt to reshape their STI policies. The policy makers of LDCs like Iran can adopt and design suitable strategies learning from the successful experiences of prosperous nations. This paper performs a comparative analysis of STI policies of some successful countries in managing their technological change. This is mostly due to the fact that the other LDCs can draw valuable lessons from these success stories which in turn can also contribute to success in their own short and long term development. Firstly, the empirical experiences of some successful nations namely (Brazil, India, China, South Africa and South Korea) will be studied. The empirical experience in STI policymaking will be surveyed. The most critical success factors contributed mostly to their management of STI policies will also be compared. Finally, a general framework of STI policymaking drawing from the experiences of these countries will be proposed for other LDCs like Iran.

BISNIS & BIROKRASI: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi, 2012

This article analyses the observation of science & technology (Iptek) and innovation policies in activities of science and technological research, development, and implementation. Science & technology and innovation policies become an important study subject since in some countries this field gives positive effect to competitiveness of a nation. Qualitative approach was selected in studying science & technology and innovation policy in Indonesia since its appropriation with the objective of portraying national policy in science & technology and innovation. Method employed was content analysis qualitative with framing analysis, which in this study refers to concept of science & technological research, development, and implementation. The results of this study shows that national policy of Indonesia during 2000-2011 period were less supportive to development, research, diffusion, and implementation of technology in regions, proven by evidence that there was only few policies supporting the system implementation of science & technological research, development, and implementation in Indonesia.

2010

No part of this publication may be produced in any form either in whole or in part without written permission from the publisher.

International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, 2017

Malaysia has grown tremendously over the past few decades because of its transformation from being predominantly agriculture-based in the 1970s to being manufacturing-based and modern services-based in the mid-1980s and 1990s, respectively. These achievements are attributable to the 10 Malaysia Plans covering 1966-1970 through 2011-2015. Presently, Malaysia is in the midst of a transformation phase to become an innovation-driven country in the fast-changing global environment. Therefore, understanding sources of growth patterns is indeed important to ensure that Malaysia's development is on the right path. Thus, this paper emphasises the importance of innovation and its framework, which comprises three components: technological innovation, financial innovation and electricity sector (TFE). Furthermore, this study aims to highlight the innovation policies and strategy choices in Malaysia. It is apparent that well-planned strategies and relevant policies must be supported by all institutions and parties. It is hoped that a clear picture of innovation issues, policies and strategies can shed light on the progress of innovation in Malaysia.

Awareness on significant contribution of S&T on economic development has significantly increased among policy makers, academicians, and business communities in Indonesia. Government of Indonesia has clearly stated that strengthening human resource and S&T were one of three main strategies for accelerating and expanding economic development, as indicated in the Master Plan of Indonesian Economic Development 2011-2025 (known as MP3EI). However, a lot of works have to be done in both sides of the coin: S&T and economic development. There are at least four wishes that hopefully will come true in order to signify role of science and technology on improving national competitiveness: (a) government allocates at least one percent of GDP for supporting R&D and innovation activities as suggested by the National Innovation Committee (2011); (b) industries respond to government incentives with increase in their direct involvement on or contribution to R&D and innovation activities; (c) academicians and researchers conduct more researches based on demand for increasing national competitiveness and improving prosperity of the people as mandated by our constitution; and (d) policy and regulation in economic sectors ought to be well-aligned with national effort to establish an effective and productive innovation system.

Iqtishaduna: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam, 2022

This paper studies and observes Malaysian ten years of technology expenditure. The analysis of Malaysia's technological growth over ten years is one of the topics covered in this discussion. In addition, factors that contribute to the state of technology are now an important problem in this working paper and discussed how to solve problems arising from Islamic perspectives. This is because, as knowledgeable Muslims, we need to be sensitive and efficient in developing the economy. Not only that, but we are also responsible for declaring that not from a technological point of view alone needs to be taken heavily on the contrary from other aspects, such as commerce that gets a boost in Islam needs to be emphasised. This is to form a community or a developed country along with the development of the world today.