A common understanding of urban growth and land use change is dominated by simplifications which, in turn, underlie many environment polices and development. The present paper analyzes spatial urban growth to the semi-squatter in Tripoli sub-region. The non-supervised classification of land uses in Tripoli region and sub-region will be employed, this analysis uses landsat satellite images for years 1984, 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2003 and 2007, satellite images will classify according to the land use type namely; urban land uses, barred and vegetated land.

2015

This study focuses on the urban growth and management of the city of Tripoli, Libya with an emphasis on the contribution of the economic, social, and political factors in urbanization. Despite the fact that urban planning authorities established and developed several projects and planning generation series, there have been such issues and challenges tackling v Finally, my heartfelt thanks to my parents, brother, and sisters. They have been patient and supportive toward reaching this exceptional moment. Gratitude extended to my wife and children for their patience and encouragement during our stay at University of Kansas in Lawrence, KS. vi Dedication My father and mother, you have been patiently waiting for my successful return, without your support and supplication, this work would be much harder. To my wife, your support has been always a source of success during our stay in the U.S

2018

This paper will start with a short historical background of Tripoli, and identify the periods of growth by using an evidence of maps, photos, sketches, to illustrate and the schematic of changes, then will identify the problems for the historic city in the particular era. The paper will focuses in impact of Modernism, nature, scale and speed of change-physical environment (streets, plots, buildings, land uses) and social change (uses, occupiers).

مجلة علوم البحار والتقنيات البيئية

Rabid urbanization has become an important land use issue in Libya. This study, applies geographic information systems and remote sensing to measure urban change, focusing on the coastal district of Khoms. The results show that urban development increased by more than 658 percent for the 40-year period between 1976 and 2016. Agriculture is one of the sectors hardest hit by this exponential growth in urbanization, leading to the loss of productive fruit and vegetable farmland. In addition to the loss of major food sources, the environmental impacts of urbanization in this coastal district have been substantial. The study demonstrates how crucial geospatial technologies can be in assessing and monitoring regional environmental change.

The remote sensing data and GIS have been used widely to analyse and study the patterns of urban expansions. The capital of Libya, Tripoli was selected to perform this study and to examine its urban growth. Four satellite imageries and population censuses of the study area for the time period 1984 to 2010 were used in this work. The objectives of this paper are identifying and analysing the urban sprawl of Tripoli as a pattern and as process. Also to understand and assess the interchangeable relationship of urban growth and population growth of study area. Urban area extents in different time periods were extracted by supervised classification method of the satellite imageries. Then, the population data and urban extents data were coupled to perform the analysis. Additionally, Shannon's entropy technique was used for further assessment of urban growth. The study findings demonstrate that Tripoli had sprawled urban growth during the period 1984 to 2010. Moreover, during the above mentioned period, the urban expansion dispersion rate has shown in an ascending mode. Consequently, this uncontrolled dispersed urban development had resulted in high consumption land rate per capita despite of decrement in population growth rate.

University Bulletin The Center of Research & Scientific Consultancy University of Zawia, 2017

Urbanization is an international phenomenon that began in early nineteenth century; it was driven by economic development, especially the influence of the Industrial Revolutionary in the West. In developing countries, urbanization has increased as populations have grown and move from rural areas to cities, regional and national policies are also concentrated on urban areas. Pacione (2005, p.71) defines urbanization as the increase of the proportion of the total population that lives in urban areas. The term also refers to that proportion of the population that relocates to live in the urban sector (Dyson, 2010. P.126). These definitions mention two important factors of urbanization: 1), the proportion that lives in the cities; 2) the proportion that migrates to live in cities. These are the key to understanding urbanization and its related processes. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the role and the contribution of the population growth as the main factor behind the rapid urbanization in northern African region and Libya in particular among other factors in the urban planning and development context. In addition to linking population, growth with other factors that contribute to the rapid urbanization based on population census data for various years and migration data, which was derived from the Libyan Information Authority, in addition to other data from regional and international organizations.

The housing crisis in Greater Khartoum manifests itself in a very high demand for housing and a deficient supply mechanism. This unsatisfied demand is reflected in high rents and land prices, high occupancy rates, and sprawling squatter areas. Due to the low priority of the housing sector visa -vis the "productive" sectors, public investment in housing has been reduced to insignificant amounts resulting in less services, fewer serviced sites, and negligible investment in direct housing construction. Ironically, the only resource that exists in abundance-land-is irrationally wasted by adopting high space standards. The extremely low densities that result precludes economic servicing of housing areas given the tight budgets of beneficiaries and public agencies. The extent of infrastructure and services needed in new housing developments, and the inability of public agencies to provide them often oblige agencies to slow down urbanization of new housing extensions. This study analyzes the housing problem in Greater Khartoum and proposes to tackle it through a "least effort" approach in the form of guidelines at two levels: First, at the level of existing neighborhoods, it calls for reevaluating the land utilization pattern, capturing any underutilized spaces and converting them into housing plots. An added advantage of this process is that it allows communities to participate in decisions pertinent to their neighborhoods; and, second, at the level of new neighborhoods, it spells out the criteria for appropriate space and facilities allocation, and provides planning indices geared towards rational land utilization. A model layout that demonstrates the application of the guidelines in residential area planning is appended to the study.

Rapid change in land use is being witnessed in the Tripoli region for the last two decades. The integration of remote sensing and GIS provides an efficient way to monitor this change, thus contributing to its environmental assessment. The study aims at showing the chaotic land use, and evaluating its consequences notably on agricultural land causing intense environmental impacts.

Geoforum, 1995

This article examines the implications and significance of land ownership trends, on shaping the spatial residential landscape in Arab localities in Israel. Residential areas in Arab localities were characterised by ethnic-group or clan separation. Each clan or group resided in an homogeneous neighborhood, which, when compared to contiguous spatial residential areas, became heterogeneous. This phenomenon was preserved due to considerations of residential location relating to the land ownership pattern. A change in the land ownership pattern created neighboring, heterogeneous, ethnic residential spaces albeit homogeneous in origin or status. The article is based on literature and research published on the issue, as well as on interviews with land owners, planners and policy makers in three localities: Kafar Kana, She'faram and Urn-AlFahm. Land ownership in all three localities was mapped in an outline plan and an affiliative map of households, according to principal clan or ethnic group, including migrant households identified in these localities. An analysis of and a comparison between the map of land ownership and that of affiliative households were also carried out. The research areas, selected to represent Arab localities, were described from aspects of geographic environment, size of population, ethnic composition and municipal development. This was followed by a review of the development of the land ownership pattern in Arab localities, based on the Ottoman Land Act of 1858. The built-up rural expanse was also examined as was the city-scape. The article defines the development of four landless groups who contributed to the shift in the traditional residential distribution pattern. These groups were demanding residential land in their localities and wherever land was available they purchased it and built their homes. Concurrently, the article relates to the various sources of land for residential building. It attempts to summarize the implications of the demand for land compared with its supply, by drafting a schematic model which will conclude the changing trends in residential development in Arab localities.