The Journal of Planning and Budgeting, 2012

2011

Al-Tiǧāraẗ wa Al-Tamwīl, 1984

2015

Background & aim: Healthy reproduction program help individuals maintain their health and improve family and community health by enabling them to make informed choices about their sexual and reproductive health. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the healthy reproduction program in Isfahan province. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. 9600 married women aged 15-49 years enrolled study according to multi stage clustered stratified random sampling. Data collection was done via developed standard questionnaire by experts of ministry of health and medical education. Samples were been questioned by 177 trained health providers in their home. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 16 software using descriptive statistic. Results: Total coverage of contraceptive method use (modern and traditional) was 89.5% and modern contraceptive method coverage was 67.8%. The most and the least common used methods of contraception were condom (22%) and a-month contraceptive injection (0.6%).The most common cause of non-use contraceptive method was suspicious to pregnancy and pregnancy. The percentage of changing method over a year ago was 23.Unintended pregnancy and unmet need were 18% and 6.5%, respectively. Correct consumption of oral contraceptive pills and awareness of emergency contraception method were 57% and 52%, respectively.73.5% of women aged 15-49 years used governmental health care services and satisfaction rate was more than 90%. To decrease unwanted pregnancy and increase women's knowledge about correct use of oral contraceptive and emergency contraceptive method, health care provider should pay special attention to contraceptive counseling to clients.

2007

The history is a valuable mine of human experience and historical school was one of the heterodox schools of economic thought that by criticizing the teachings of classical school, has used history and it’s objective investigation as a cornerstone for the revise of political economy. The most important criticism of historical school to classical school are: universalism, imperfect psychology based on self-interest and extremism in deductive method. On the one side, historical method is in conflict to Austrian school and on the other hand was a background for the emergence of American Institutional school. The most important teachings of historical school are: Application of historical method in the analysis of economic phenomenon, using inductive method, using economic statistics, belief on the uniqueness of each economy and thus the necessity of indigenous development model, avoiding abstract models in economic analysis, the necessity of finding the interaction of economic phenomenon to non-economic factors and an endeavor to understand the evolution of economies. In this paper by using the teachings of historical school, we argued that adopting historical method, provide the possibility of analyzing historical backwardness of Iranian Economy, Understanding evolutionary structure of Iranian Economy and preparing indigenous model of economic development in Iran.

paper, 2009

Although poverty reduction is one of the most important objectives of the most economic adjustment programs, studies showed a gradual rise in rural poverty due to inappropriate methods of study and implementation in most programs, such that most of the pre determined objectives have not been achieved. The main question is whether poverty in rural areas can be alleviated by changing the method of study and implementation of these programs? In most cases, these programs have been implemented with minimum participation from people, and only limited to influential groups in rural areas. The present study used Stages of Progress Approach in Hosseinabad region, and identified the importance and position of the social and development programs in providing for the livelihood of the poor. It also examined the management and intervention methods in such areas. The results indicated a significant reduction of poverty rates following the implementation of programs that were prepared with reasonable methods based on the views and requests of the local people, a reduction that its realization was due to the diversification of the methods of livelihood provision. Also, this study indicated that in addition to income provision, the provision of welfare and hygienic facilities should be considered.

2009

Journal of Productivity and Development, 2022

وقائع اجتماعات قيادات البحوث ونقل التكنولوجيا في الوطن العربي, 2012

تتناول الورقة خلفية عامة عن القطاع الزراعي في اليمن والموارد الطبيعية فيها كالمناخ والأراضي والأمطار والجوانب المناخية الأخرى كالحرارة والسطوع الشمسي والرياح. ثم تتناول الورقة أيضاً لمحات موجزة حول الموارد المائية في اليمن وتتضمن بعض الأرقام حول معدلات الأمطار ومشكلة المياه كأحد معوقات الزراعة في البلاد. وتعطي الورقة لمحة حول الغطاء النباتي وأقاليم البلاد الإنتاجية الزراعية وتمايز نظمها ومساحة كل إقليم وأهميته النسبية مقارنة بالأقاليم الأخرى. ثم تعطي الورقة لمحة حول السكان والعمالة وحجم العاملين في الزراعة والريف. بالمثل، تتعرض الورقة لأهم المحاصيل الزراعية في البلاد وتطورها زيادة أو نقصاناً منذ عام 1990م حتى عام 2010م، مبينة التغير في التركيب المحصولي والتطور الذي حدث في القطاع الزراعي تحت تأثير التطورات الأخرى في المجتمع ومنها مساهمات البحوث الزراعية والتقانات الزراعية الحديثة المطورة محلياً أو المستقدمة، مسلطة الضوء على مساهمة الإرشاد الزراعي، مع تسليط بعض الضوء على إمكانات وقدرات وموارد كل من منظومتي البحوث ونقل التكنولوجيا والمساهمات المأمولة منهما في تحقيق المزيد من أوجه التنمية للقطاع الزراعي.

Taḥqīqāt-i mālī, 2015

The purpose of this study was proposing a suitable pattern for evaluating and assessing companies. To reach this important goal, the fuzzy Delphi method (FDM was employed. After the evaluation pattern was created, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) was used in order to find the weight of all selected factors, and the significance of each of evaluation factor was determined. Next, companies registered in Tehran Stock Exchange that are active in the chemical industries were examined and ranked separately in three financial years using two different techniques: VIKOR and TOPSIS. In order to determine the efficiency and accuracy of the model, three investment portfolios that included shares of the 4 companies ranked highest in each financial year were created. The performance of each investment portfolio was assessed and evaluated in a two months period using the Sortino ratio (SR) and compared with the chemical industry performance during the same period. The results reveal th...