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Getasew Amogne

Wollo University, Pharmacy, Faculty Member

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I have been teaching clinical pharmacy courses,pharmacotherapeutics and clinical ward atatchements for graduate and internship clinical pharmacy students.I have been graduated my first and second degree from wollo iniversity and Addis Ababa university respectively.
Supervisors: i am also advisor for undergraduate pharmacy students at Wollo university
Phone: +251912917755/ +251912917755
Address: Dessie
Addis Ababa

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Papers by Getasew Amogne

Getasew Amogne Aynalem Address: Dessie, P.O.BoX: 1145, Ethiopia Phone/Mobile: +251-912-917-755; +251-941-791-658

Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice of meat hygiene among meat handlers in Lagos State, Nigeria

The Nigerian Journal of General Practice, 2020

Background: Food-borne disease remains a major global health challenge in developing countries. C... more Background: Food-borne disease remains a major global health challenge in developing countries. Cross-contamination from raw meat due to poor handling as a result of poor knowledge and practices of meat handlers is a major contributing factor for meat-borne diseases. Adequate knowledge and preventive practices of meat handlers are important in limiting the outbreak of food-borne disease and contamination of raw meat. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of meat hygiene and the associated factors among meat handlers in abattoirs and slaughter houses in Lagos State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was carried out among 318 meat handlers in Lagos, Nigeria, who were selected using a multistage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data concerning their knowledge, attitude, and practice of meat hygiene, and data analysis was done using EpiInfo 7.2.2.16™ for Windows. Chi-square statistics was used to test the association between the variables at the level of significance of 5%. Results: The mean age was 39.07 years ± 12.7 standard deviation. Majority had good knowledge (71.1%), attitude (53.1%), and practice (66.6%) of meat hygiene. Significant association was found between knowledge and age (P < 0.001), tribe (P < 0.001), and length of work experience (P < 0.001). There was also a statistically significant association between practice of meat hygiene and age (P < 0.001), tribe (P = 0.0174), level of education (P = 0.0029), work experience (P < 0.001), and religion (P = 0.0194). There was statistically significant association also between knowledge and practice of meat hygiene (P < 0.001). Older meat handlers with more years of work experience (>20 years) had better knowledge and practice of meat hygiene compared to their younger colleagues. Conclusions: Public health education, policy formulation, and regular training and retraining of the meat handlers on safe meat handling as well as general and personal hygiene are strongly recommended.

Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan: Treatment Complexity and XDR-TB among Treatment Failures

PLoS ONE, 2007

Background. A pilot programme to treat multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) was implemented in Karakal... more Background. A pilot programme to treat multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) was implemented in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan in 2003. This region has particularly high levels of MDR-TB, with 13% and 40% among new and previously treated cases, respectively. Methodology. This study describes the treatment process and outcomes for the first cohort of patients enrolled in the programme, between October 2003 and January 2005. Confirmed MDR-TB cases were treated with an individualised, second-line drug regimen based on drug susceptibility test results, while suspected MDR-TB cases were treated with a standardised regimen pending susceptibility results. Principal Findings. Of 108 MDR-TB patients, 87 were started on treatment during the study period. Of these, 33 (38%) were infected with strains resistant to at least one second-line drug at baseline, but none had initial ofloxacin resistance. Treatment was successful for 54 (62%) patients, with 13 (15%) dying during treatment, 12 (14%) defaulting and 8 (8%) failing treatment. Poor clinical condition and baseline second-line resistance contributed to treatment failure or death. Treatment regimens were changed in 71 (82%) patients due to severe adverse events or drug resistance. Adverse events were most commonly attributed to cycloserine, ethionamide and p-aminosalicylic acid. Extensively drug resistant TB (XDR-TB) was found among 4 of the 6 patients who failed treatment and were still alive in November 2006. Conclusions. While acceptable treatment success was achieved, the complexity of treatment and the development of XDR-TB among treatment failures are important issues to be addressed when considering scaling up MDR-TB treatment.

Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activities ofVernonia amygdalinaon Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatic Damage in Mice

Journal of Medicinal Food, 2006

Vernonia amygdalina Del. (Family Compositae) is used in Nigerian folk medicine as a tonic and rem... more Vernonia amygdalina Del. (Family Compositae) is used in Nigerian folk medicine as a tonic and remedy against constipation, fever, high blood pressure, and many infectious diseases. We have evaluated the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of an aqueous extract of V. amygdalina leaves against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in mice in vivo. Activities of liver marker enzymes in serum (glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase) and bilirubin levels were determined colorimetrically, while catalase activity, lipid peroxidation products, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), iron, and total protein concentrations were measured in liver homogenate. Acetaminophen challenge (300 mg/kg, i.p) for 7 days caused significant (P < .01) increases in the levels of bilirubin, liver enzymes, TBARS, and iron, while catalase activity and total protein level were reduced significantly (P < .01). Preadministration of V. amygdalina resulted in a dose-dependent (50-100 mg/kg) reversal of acetaminophen-induced alterations of all the liver function parameters by 51.9-84.9%. Suppression of acetaminophen-induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress by the extract was also dose-dependent (50-100 mg/kg). The results of this study suggest that V. amygdalina elicits hepatoprotectivity through antioxidant activity on acetaminophen-induced hepatic damage in mice.

Exploration of Patient's Experience with Quality of Care at Outpatient Department of Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Background: The patient flow to outpatient service in any hospital of Ethiopia is increasing from... more Background: The patient flow to outpatient service in any hospital of Ethiopia is increasing from time to time. It is a fact that meeting the growing demands of patients for health care service in the outpatient departments must ensure quality of care. Exploring the quality of care in terms of patient perspective is very vital. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore patients' experience of quality of care at outpatient department of Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College. Method: A qualitative phenomenological approach research design was used. Eighteen focused group discussions each contains eight patients were conducted. A total of 144 patients were recruited through purposive sampling technique. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. Semi structured questioner was used to collect the data. Result: The study participants described their experiences about the quality care at the hospital. The finding obtained from the focused group discussion was grouped in to three themes: breach of ethical principles, lack of necessary infrastructure and unwelcoming physical environment. Conclusion: It was found that the quality of care at the hospital was unsatisfactory. Thus the hospital mangers should design and implement a strategy to improve the quality of care provided at the hospital so as to improve patients' satisfaction with the service.

Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice toward COVID-19 and associated factors among health care workers in Silte Zone, Southern Ethiopia

by Mubarek Yesse and Getasew Amogne

PLOS ONE

Introduction COVID-19 is a pandemic respiratory disease caused by the highly contagious novel cor... more Introduction COVID-19 is a pandemic respiratory disease caused by the highly contagious novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV 2). The disease is now quickly spreading around the world, resulting in ongoing coronavirus pandemic. Healthcare workers are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection than the general population due to frequent contact with infected individuals. Objective This study was aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 and associated factors among health care workers. Methods Facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among health care workers in Silte Zone. A total of 379 health professionals were selected using multistage stratified sampling technique. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Binary logistic regression model was used to see association between outcome and independent variables. Results This study found 74.9%, 84.2% and 68.9% prevalence of adequate knowledge, positive attitude and good practice respectively...

Factors affecting adherence to lifestyle modification among patients with hypertension at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019

SAGE Open Medicine

Introduction: Adherence to lifestyle modification in addition to medication adherence is very imp... more Introduction: Adherence to lifestyle modification in addition to medication adherence is very important in preventing complications. Nevertheless, lifestyle modification guidelines are not widely followed by patients with hypertension. The objective of the study was to explore the predictors of compliance with lifestyle modification among patients with hypertension at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 384 patients with hypertension were included in this study. A systematic sampling method was used to select study participants. The data were collected through an interview method by using a structured questionnaire. The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS. Each variable was summarized using summary statistics. To measure the association between lifestyle modification and its predictors, a bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used. P-value < 0.05, odds ra...

sj-pdf-1-smo-10.1177_20503121211023000 – Supplemental material for Glycemic control and its determinants among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Menelik II Referral Hospital, Ethiopia

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-smo-10.1177_20503121211023000 for Glycemic control and its determ... more

Magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its predictors among patients on second-generation antipsychotic drugs at six psychiatry clinics and mental hospitals, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019; Multicenter cross-sectional study

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews

AIMS Second-generation antipsychotics are an important component in the management of psychiatric... more AIMS Second-generation antipsychotics are an important component in the management of psychiatric conditions but their use can also lead to weight gain, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its predictors among patients who were on second-generation antipsychotic drugs at six psychiatry Hospitals, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. METHOD This study was conducted using a Multicenter cross-sectional study design. Medical charts of 510 patients on second-generation antipsychotic drugs who were selected by convenience sampling method and complete patients' charts were included in this study. Data was gathered using a checklist from patients' medical charts. To identify the determinants of metabolic syndrome, a logistic regression model was used. RESULT From a total of 510 patients' Medical charts on the second-generation antipsychotic drugs, 270 (52.9%) of them were females and 240 (47.1%) were males. The magnitude of metabolic syndrome among patients receiving second-generation antipsychotic drugs was found to be 88 (17.8%). Age, education, family history of cardiovascular disease, and type of second-generation antipsychotic drugs are found to be significantly associated factors with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Considerable proportion of patients receiving second-generation antipsychotic medications have metabolic syndrome.

Glycemic control and its determinants among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Menelik II Referral Hospital, Ethiopia

SAGE Open Medicine, 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the level of glycemic control and its determ... more Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the level of glycemic control and its determinants among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Menelik II Referral Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Cross-sectional study design was employed. The sample size was determined using a single proportion formula and 245 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were involved in this study. Systematic sampling method was used to select the study subjects. Standard questionnaire was used to collect patient’s biographic data, economic data, self-care activities, and patient compliance to medications. Summary statistics of a given data were calculated. Logistic regression model was used to measure the relationship between the outcome and predictor variable. Direction and strength of association was expressed using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Result: More than three-fourth, 191 (80.3%) of diabetic patients had poor glycemic control. Poor glycemic control was found to be ...

Drug use evaluation of vancomycin at medical ward of Yekatit 12, hospital medical college, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2018

International Journal of Scientific Reports, 2020

Background: Drug use evaluation is an ongoing systematic process designed to maintain the appropr... more Background: Drug use evaluation is an ongoing systematic process designed to maintain the appropriate medication during & after dispensing in order to assure appropriate therapeutic decision making and positive patient outcome. Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted to analyze drug use of vancomycin by using medication charts and medical note of patients that were admitted in the medical ward of Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Patients who were admitted from medical ward and whose age were ≥18 years were eligible provided that they take Vancomycin during the study period were included and Patients with medical records of insufficient or illegible information’s were excluded. Structured check list was used for data collection, and the sample size was 169. Convenience sampling technique was used. Results: Among 169 patients 136 (80.5%) had empiric treatments, the remaining 33 (19.5%) had specific treatm...

Técnicas Para Detecção Do Vírus Da Imunodeficiência Humana: Uma Revisão Bibliográfica

O objetivo desta revisao e resgatar da literatura o transcorrer e evolucao do virus da imunodefic... more O objetivo desta revisao e resgatar da literatura o transcorrer e evolucao do virus da imunodeficiencia adquira (HIV), principalmente em relacao aos testes diagnosticos utilizados para sua deteccao, visto que, ainda e amplamente incidente no Brasil. No ano de 2016, o boletim epidemiologico emitido pela Organizacao Mundial da Saude (OMS) informa que 1,8 milhoes de pessoas no mundo sao portadoras do virus. No Brasil, de 2007 a 2016 foram notificados 136.945 novos casos de infeccao distribuidos pelo pais, onde, a taxa de mortalidade em 2016 foi de 5,9 obitos/100 mil hab. Neste cenario, a ciencia busca avancos em pesquisas e novas tecnologias a fim de melhorar a qualidade de vida dos individuos infectados e o custo-efetividade dos diagnosticos atuais para identificacao do HIV nas redes publicas e privadas de saude. O maior obstaculo atual e impedir que ocorram resultados falso-positivos e, por isso, os protocolos para diagnostico do HIV seguem um regulamento minucioso, pois, o organismo...

Intention to Stop Khat Chewing and Associated Factors among Khat Chewers in Dessie City, North Eastern Ethiopia

Epidemiology: Open Access, 2016

Objectives: the purpose of this study was to assess' intention to stop Khat chewing and associate... more Objectives: the purpose of this study was to assess' intention to stop Khat chewing and associated factors among khat chewers in Dessie city, North eastern Ethiopia. A Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dessie city by using both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. The sample size for quantitative was 840 and cluster sampling method was used to select the study participants. Three FGDs and five in depth interviews were conducted for the qualitative part of the study. Result: Out of the total participants, 68.47% had intention to stop khat chewing at least within the next six months. Majority of the study participants 44.7% were on preparation stage, 23.7% were on contemplation stage and the rest 31.54% were on pre contemplation stage. Participants in high dramatic relief process of change were 4 times more likely to have intention to stop Khat chewing than their counterparts, [P=0.004 AOR=4.1(1.5-11.0] and Individuals who had medium consciousness raising score were 2.6 times more likely to have the intention to quit Khat chewing than individuals with low consciousness raising score, [AOR=2.7, (95% CI: 1.1-6.6)]. Majority of the Khat chewers had the intention to stop Khat chewing. Thus, stage based interventions should be done to motivate Khat chewers to stop chewing

Opportunities and Challenges in the New Emerging Role of Clinical Pharmacists in Ethiopia: Systematic Review

Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems, 2016

Introduction: The availability of large number of medicines and the constant efflux of new inform... more Introduction: The availability of large number of medicines and the constant efflux of new information make them practically impossible for any health care professional to be updated in all aspects. This leads to the emergency of the concept of pharmaceutical care. The role of clinical pharmacists in the hospital setting have the potential to positively impact the quality of patient care and provide cost savings. Methods: A number of papers done in Ethiopia were used to see how pharmaceutical care is practiced in Ethiopia. Opportunities: Pharmaceutical care is given high value starting from our country's health policy to stalk holders (hospitals, schools, other governmental and non-governmental institutions). The importance of pharmaceutical care services in saving lives and protecting public health is particularly relevant in resource-limited settings with a high prevalence of major medicine-treatable diseases and systems wide opportunities related to pharmaceutical care. Pharmaceutical care providers participate in ward rounds. Their clinical knowledge and skill has been improved and they have also trying to do more clinical based researches (complex case reports, drug therapy problem identification and intervention. Thus 'Clinical Pharmacists' is the heart of pharmaceutical care. Challenges: Resistance of health care professionals to work with Pharmaceutical Care providers, unable to uphold responsibilities in their job, unable to get benefits for their activity, inadequate clinical skills, almost no role and responsibility of clinical pharmacist (lecturers) in their university hospitals, curriculum related problem and lack of sufficient number of specialists pose challenge for the emerging role of pharmacists.

Attitudes and Behaviors of Practicing Pharmacy Professionals Towards Patient Counseling in Awi Zone, North West Ethiopia

ABSTRACT

Predictors of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Prevention Practices Using Health Belief Model Among Employees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020

Infection and Drug Resistance

Background: Ethiopia has taken strict preventive measures against COVID-19 to control its spread,... more Background: Ethiopia has taken strict preventive measures against COVID-19 to control its spread, to protect citizens, and ensure their wellbeing. Employee's adherence to preventive measures is influenced by their knowledge, perceived susceptibility, severity, benefit, barrier, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Therefore, this study investigated the predictors of COVID-19 prevention practice using the Health Belief Model among employees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020. Methods: Multicentre cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 628 employees selected by systematic sampling method were included in this study. Data were collected using a pretested self-administered questionnaire. Summary statistics of a given data for each variable were calculated. Logistic regression model was used to measure the association between the outcome and the predictor variable. Statistical significance was declared at p-value<0.05. Direction and strength of association were expressed using OR and 95% CI. Results: From a total of 628 respondents, 432 (68.8%) of them had poor COVID-19 prevention practice. Three hundred ninety-one (62.3%), 337 (53.7%), 312 (49.7), 497 (79.1%), 303 (48.2%) and 299 (52.4%) of the respondents had high perceived susceptibility, severity, benefit, barrier, cues to action and self-efficacy to COVID-19 prevention practice, respectively. Employees with a low level of perceived barriers were less likely to have a poor practice of COVID-19 prevention compared to employees with a high level of perceived barrier [AOR = 0.03, 95% CI (0.01,0.05)]. Similarly, employees with low cues to action and employees with a low level of self-efficacy were practiced COVID prevention measures to a lesser extent compared those with high cues to action and high level of self-efficacy [AOR = 0.05, 95% CI (0.026,0.10)] and [AOR = 0.08, 95% CI (0.04,0.14)], respectively. Conclusion: The proportion of employees with poor COVID-19 prevention was high. Income, perceived barrier, cues to action, and self-efficacy were significantly associated with COVID-19 prevention practice.

Ge t a s e w Am o g n e

Ge t a s e w Am o g n e

Intention to stop khat chewing and associated factors among khat chewers in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia: using Trans Theoretical Model

by asmamaw adugna, Telake Azale, and Getasew Amogne

Background Khat chewing practice is rapidly increasing worldwide and currently an estimated over ... more Background Khat chewing practice is rapidly increasing worldwide and currently an estimated over 10 million people chew khat. Trans Theoretical Model (TTM) is a promising model to assess the of stages of behavior change is a combination of intention. Given a sufficient control over the behavior, people carry out their intentions when the enabling environments arises. Assessing intention to quit chewing khat, motivational factors that influence behavior, is important to design effective interventions. Methods Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2019 in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia. Six hundred five khat chewers were selected from six kebeles using cluster sampling method. Structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Bivariate and multi-variable logistic regression model were fitted. Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval and p-values <0.05 in the multi-variable model were used to declare signific...

Magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its predictors among patients on second-generation antipsychotic drugs at six psychiatry clinics and mental hospitals, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019; Multicenter crosssectional study

Elsevier; Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome; Clinical Research and Review, 2021

Aims: Second-generation antipsychotics are an important component in the management of psychiatri... more Aims: Second-generation antipsychotics are an important component in the management of psychiatric conditions but their use can also lead to weight gain, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its predictors among patients who were on secondgeneration antipsychotic drugs at six psychiatry Hospitals, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. Method: This study was conducted using a Multicenter cross-sectional study design. Medical charts of 510 patients on second-generation antipsychotic drugs who were selected by convenience sampling method and complete patients' charts were included in this study. Data was gathered using a checklist from patients' medical charts. To identify the determinants of metabolic syndrome, a logistic regression model was used. Result: From a total of 510 patients' Medical charts on the second-generation antipsychotic drugs, 270 (52.9%) of them were females and 240 (47.1%) were males. The magnitude of metabolic syndrome among patients receiving second-generation antipsychotic drugs was found to be 88 (17.8%). Age, education, family history of cardiovascular disease, and type of second-generation antipsychotic drugs are found to be significantly associated factors with metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: Considerable proportion of patients receiving second-generation antipsychotic medications have metabolic syndrome.

Getasew Amogne Aynalem Address: Dessie, P.O.BoX: 1145, Ethiopia Phone/Mobile: +251-912-917-755; +251-941-791-658

Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice of meat hygiene among meat handlers in Lagos State, Nigeria

The Nigerian Journal of General Practice, 2020

Background: Food-borne disease remains a major global health challenge in developing countries. C... more Background: Food-borne disease remains a major global health challenge in developing countries. Cross-contamination from raw meat due to poor handling as a result of poor knowledge and practices of meat handlers is a major contributing factor for meat-borne diseases. Adequate knowledge and preventive practices of meat handlers are important in limiting the outbreak of food-borne disease and contamination of raw meat. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of meat hygiene and the associated factors among meat handlers in abattoirs and slaughter houses in Lagos State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was carried out among 318 meat handlers in Lagos, Nigeria, who were selected using a multistage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data concerning their knowledge, attitude, and practice of meat hygiene, and data analysis was done using EpiInfo 7.2.2.16™ for Windows. Chi-square statistics was used to test the association between the variables at the level of significance of 5%. Results: The mean age was 39.07 years ± 12.7 standard deviation. Majority had good knowledge (71.1%), attitude (53.1%), and practice (66.6%) of meat hygiene. Significant association was found between knowledge and age (P < 0.001), tribe (P < 0.001), and length of work experience (P < 0.001). There was also a statistically significant association between practice of meat hygiene and age (P < 0.001), tribe (P = 0.0174), level of education (P = 0.0029), work experience (P < 0.001), and religion (P = 0.0194). There was statistically significant association also between knowledge and practice of meat hygiene (P < 0.001). Older meat handlers with more years of work experience (>20 years) had better knowledge and practice of meat hygiene compared to their younger colleagues. Conclusions: Public health education, policy formulation, and regular training and retraining of the meat handlers on safe meat handling as well as general and personal hygiene are strongly recommended.

Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan: Treatment Complexity and XDR-TB among Treatment Failures

PLoS ONE, 2007

Background. A pilot programme to treat multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) was implemented in Karakal... more Background. A pilot programme to treat multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) was implemented in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan in 2003. This region has particularly high levels of MDR-TB, with 13% and 40% among new and previously treated cases, respectively. Methodology. This study describes the treatment process and outcomes for the first cohort of patients enrolled in the programme, between October 2003 and January 2005. Confirmed MDR-TB cases were treated with an individualised, second-line drug regimen based on drug susceptibility test results, while suspected MDR-TB cases were treated with a standardised regimen pending susceptibility results. Principal Findings. Of 108 MDR-TB patients, 87 were started on treatment during the study period. Of these, 33 (38%) were infected with strains resistant to at least one second-line drug at baseline, but none had initial ofloxacin resistance. Treatment was successful for 54 (62%) patients, with 13 (15%) dying during treatment, 12 (14%) defaulting and 8 (8%) failing treatment. Poor clinical condition and baseline second-line resistance contributed to treatment failure or death. Treatment regimens were changed in 71 (82%) patients due to severe adverse events or drug resistance. Adverse events were most commonly attributed to cycloserine, ethionamide and p-aminosalicylic acid. Extensively drug resistant TB (XDR-TB) was found among 4 of the 6 patients who failed treatment and were still alive in November 2006. Conclusions. While acceptable treatment success was achieved, the complexity of treatment and the development of XDR-TB among treatment failures are important issues to be addressed when considering scaling up MDR-TB treatment.

Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activities ofVernonia amygdalinaon Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatic Damage in Mice

Journal of Medicinal Food, 2006

Vernonia amygdalina Del. (Family Compositae) is used in Nigerian folk medicine as a tonic and rem... more Vernonia amygdalina Del. (Family Compositae) is used in Nigerian folk medicine as a tonic and remedy against constipation, fever, high blood pressure, and many infectious diseases. We have evaluated the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of an aqueous extract of V. amygdalina leaves against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in mice in vivo. Activities of liver marker enzymes in serum (glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase) and bilirubin levels were determined colorimetrically, while catalase activity, lipid peroxidation products, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), iron, and total protein concentrations were measured in liver homogenate. Acetaminophen challenge (300 mg/kg, i.p) for 7 days caused significant (P < .01) increases in the levels of bilirubin, liver enzymes, TBARS, and iron, while catalase activity and total protein level were reduced significantly (P < .01). Preadministration of V. amygdalina resulted in a dose-dependent (50-100 mg/kg) reversal of acetaminophen-induced alterations of all the liver function parameters by 51.9-84.9%. Suppression of acetaminophen-induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress by the extract was also dose-dependent (50-100 mg/kg). The results of this study suggest that V. amygdalina elicits hepatoprotectivity through antioxidant activity on acetaminophen-induced hepatic damage in mice.

Exploration of Patient's Experience with Quality of Care at Outpatient Department of Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Background: The patient flow to outpatient service in any hospital of Ethiopia is increasing from... more Background: The patient flow to outpatient service in any hospital of Ethiopia is increasing from time to time. It is a fact that meeting the growing demands of patients for health care service in the outpatient departments must ensure quality of care. Exploring the quality of care in terms of patient perspective is very vital. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore patients' experience of quality of care at outpatient department of Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College. Method: A qualitative phenomenological approach research design was used. Eighteen focused group discussions each contains eight patients were conducted. A total of 144 patients were recruited through purposive sampling technique. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. Semi structured questioner was used to collect the data. Result: The study participants described their experiences about the quality care at the hospital. The finding obtained from the focused group discussion was grouped in to three themes: breach of ethical principles, lack of necessary infrastructure and unwelcoming physical environment. Conclusion: It was found that the quality of care at the hospital was unsatisfactory. Thus the hospital mangers should design and implement a strategy to improve the quality of care provided at the hospital so as to improve patients' satisfaction with the service.

Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice toward COVID-19 and associated factors among health care workers in Silte Zone, Southern Ethiopia

by Mubarek Yesse and Getasew Amogne

PLOS ONE

Introduction COVID-19 is a pandemic respiratory disease caused by the highly contagious novel cor... more Introduction COVID-19 is a pandemic respiratory disease caused by the highly contagious novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV 2). The disease is now quickly spreading around the world, resulting in ongoing coronavirus pandemic. Healthcare workers are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection than the general population due to frequent contact with infected individuals. Objective This study was aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 and associated factors among health care workers. Methods Facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among health care workers in Silte Zone. A total of 379 health professionals were selected using multistage stratified sampling technique. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Binary logistic regression model was used to see association between outcome and independent variables. Results This study found 74.9%, 84.2% and 68.9% prevalence of adequate knowledge, positive attitude and good practice respectively...

Factors affecting adherence to lifestyle modification among patients with hypertension at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019

SAGE Open Medicine

Introduction: Adherence to lifestyle modification in addition to medication adherence is very imp... more Introduction: Adherence to lifestyle modification in addition to medication adherence is very important in preventing complications. Nevertheless, lifestyle modification guidelines are not widely followed by patients with hypertension. The objective of the study was to explore the predictors of compliance with lifestyle modification among patients with hypertension at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 384 patients with hypertension were included in this study. A systematic sampling method was used to select study participants. The data were collected through an interview method by using a structured questionnaire. The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS. Each variable was summarized using summary statistics. To measure the association between lifestyle modification and its predictors, a bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used. P-value < 0.05, odds ra...

sj-pdf-1-smo-10.1177_20503121211023000 – Supplemental material for Glycemic control and its determinants among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Menelik II Referral Hospital, Ethiopia

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-smo-10.1177_20503121211023000 for Glycemic control and its determ... more

Magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its predictors among patients on second-generation antipsychotic drugs at six psychiatry clinics and mental hospitals, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019; Multicenter cross-sectional study

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews

AIMS Second-generation antipsychotics are an important component in the management of psychiatric... more AIMS Second-generation antipsychotics are an important component in the management of psychiatric conditions but their use can also lead to weight gain, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its predictors among patients who were on second-generation antipsychotic drugs at six psychiatry Hospitals, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. METHOD This study was conducted using a Multicenter cross-sectional study design. Medical charts of 510 patients on second-generation antipsychotic drugs who were selected by convenience sampling method and complete patients' charts were included in this study. Data was gathered using a checklist from patients' medical charts. To identify the determinants of metabolic syndrome, a logistic regression model was used. RESULT From a total of 510 patients' Medical charts on the second-generation antipsychotic drugs, 270 (52.9%) of them were females and 240 (47.1%) were males. The magnitude of metabolic syndrome among patients receiving second-generation antipsychotic drugs was found to be 88 (17.8%). Age, education, family history of cardiovascular disease, and type of second-generation antipsychotic drugs are found to be significantly associated factors with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Considerable proportion of patients receiving second-generation antipsychotic medications have metabolic syndrome.

Glycemic control and its determinants among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Menelik II Referral Hospital, Ethiopia

SAGE Open Medicine, 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the level of glycemic control and its determ... more Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the level of glycemic control and its determinants among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Menelik II Referral Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Cross-sectional study design was employed. The sample size was determined using a single proportion formula and 245 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were involved in this study. Systematic sampling method was used to select the study subjects. Standard questionnaire was used to collect patient’s biographic data, economic data, self-care activities, and patient compliance to medications. Summary statistics of a given data were calculated. Logistic regression model was used to measure the relationship between the outcome and predictor variable. Direction and strength of association was expressed using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Result: More than three-fourth, 191 (80.3%) of diabetic patients had poor glycemic control. Poor glycemic control was found to be ...

Drug use evaluation of vancomycin at medical ward of Yekatit 12, hospital medical college, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2018

International Journal of Scientific Reports, 2020

Background: Drug use evaluation is an ongoing systematic process designed to maintain the appropr... more Background: Drug use evaluation is an ongoing systematic process designed to maintain the appropriate medication during & after dispensing in order to assure appropriate therapeutic decision making and positive patient outcome. Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted to analyze drug use of vancomycin by using medication charts and medical note of patients that were admitted in the medical ward of Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Patients who were admitted from medical ward and whose age were ≥18 years were eligible provided that they take Vancomycin during the study period were included and Patients with medical records of insufficient or illegible information’s were excluded. Structured check list was used for data collection, and the sample size was 169. Convenience sampling technique was used. Results: Among 169 patients 136 (80.5%) had empiric treatments, the remaining 33 (19.5%) had specific treatm...

Técnicas Para Detecção Do Vírus Da Imunodeficiência Humana: Uma Revisão Bibliográfica

O objetivo desta revisao e resgatar da literatura o transcorrer e evolucao do virus da imunodefic... more O objetivo desta revisao e resgatar da literatura o transcorrer e evolucao do virus da imunodeficiencia adquira (HIV), principalmente em relacao aos testes diagnosticos utilizados para sua deteccao, visto que, ainda e amplamente incidente no Brasil. No ano de 2016, o boletim epidemiologico emitido pela Organizacao Mundial da Saude (OMS) informa que 1,8 milhoes de pessoas no mundo sao portadoras do virus. No Brasil, de 2007 a 2016 foram notificados 136.945 novos casos de infeccao distribuidos pelo pais, onde, a taxa de mortalidade em 2016 foi de 5,9 obitos/100 mil hab. Neste cenario, a ciencia busca avancos em pesquisas e novas tecnologias a fim de melhorar a qualidade de vida dos individuos infectados e o custo-efetividade dos diagnosticos atuais para identificacao do HIV nas redes publicas e privadas de saude. O maior obstaculo atual e impedir que ocorram resultados falso-positivos e, por isso, os protocolos para diagnostico do HIV seguem um regulamento minucioso, pois, o organismo...

Intention to Stop Khat Chewing and Associated Factors among Khat Chewers in Dessie City, North Eastern Ethiopia

Epidemiology: Open Access, 2016

Objectives: the purpose of this study was to assess' intention to stop Khat chewing and associate... more Objectives: the purpose of this study was to assess' intention to stop Khat chewing and associated factors among khat chewers in Dessie city, North eastern Ethiopia. A Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dessie city by using both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. The sample size for quantitative was 840 and cluster sampling method was used to select the study participants. Three FGDs and five in depth interviews were conducted for the qualitative part of the study. Result: Out of the total participants, 68.47% had intention to stop khat chewing at least within the next six months. Majority of the study participants 44.7% were on preparation stage, 23.7% were on contemplation stage and the rest 31.54% were on pre contemplation stage. Participants in high dramatic relief process of change were 4 times more likely to have intention to stop Khat chewing than their counterparts, [P=0.004 AOR=4.1(1.5-11.0] and Individuals who had medium consciousness raising score were 2.6 times more likely to have the intention to quit Khat chewing than individuals with low consciousness raising score, [AOR=2.7, (95% CI: 1.1-6.6)]. Majority of the Khat chewers had the intention to stop Khat chewing. Thus, stage based interventions should be done to motivate Khat chewers to stop chewing

Opportunities and Challenges in the New Emerging Role of Clinical Pharmacists in Ethiopia: Systematic Review

Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems, 2016

Introduction: The availability of large number of medicines and the constant efflux of new inform... more Introduction: The availability of large number of medicines and the constant efflux of new information make them practically impossible for any health care professional to be updated in all aspects. This leads to the emergency of the concept of pharmaceutical care. The role of clinical pharmacists in the hospital setting have the potential to positively impact the quality of patient care and provide cost savings. Methods: A number of papers done in Ethiopia were used to see how pharmaceutical care is practiced in Ethiopia. Opportunities: Pharmaceutical care is given high value starting from our country's health policy to stalk holders (hospitals, schools, other governmental and non-governmental institutions). The importance of pharmaceutical care services in saving lives and protecting public health is particularly relevant in resource-limited settings with a high prevalence of major medicine-treatable diseases and systems wide opportunities related to pharmaceutical care. Pharmaceutical care providers participate in ward rounds. Their clinical knowledge and skill has been improved and they have also trying to do more clinical based researches (complex case reports, drug therapy problem identification and intervention. Thus 'Clinical Pharmacists' is the heart of pharmaceutical care. Challenges: Resistance of health care professionals to work with Pharmaceutical Care providers, unable to uphold responsibilities in their job, unable to get benefits for their activity, inadequate clinical skills, almost no role and responsibility of clinical pharmacist (lecturers) in their university hospitals, curriculum related problem and lack of sufficient number of specialists pose challenge for the emerging role of pharmacists.

Attitudes and Behaviors of Practicing Pharmacy Professionals Towards Patient Counseling in Awi Zone, North West Ethiopia

ABSTRACT

Predictors of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Prevention Practices Using Health Belief Model Among Employees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020

Infection and Drug Resistance

Background: Ethiopia has taken strict preventive measures against COVID-19 to control its spread,... more Background: Ethiopia has taken strict preventive measures against COVID-19 to control its spread, to protect citizens, and ensure their wellbeing. Employee's adherence to preventive measures is influenced by their knowledge, perceived susceptibility, severity, benefit, barrier, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Therefore, this study investigated the predictors of COVID-19 prevention practice using the Health Belief Model among employees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020. Methods: Multicentre cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 628 employees selected by systematic sampling method were included in this study. Data were collected using a pretested self-administered questionnaire. Summary statistics of a given data for each variable were calculated. Logistic regression model was used to measure the association between the outcome and the predictor variable. Statistical significance was declared at p-value<0.05. Direction and strength of association were expressed using OR and 95% CI. Results: From a total of 628 respondents, 432 (68.8%) of them had poor COVID-19 prevention practice. Three hundred ninety-one (62.3%), 337 (53.7%), 312 (49.7), 497 (79.1%), 303 (48.2%) and 299 (52.4%) of the respondents had high perceived susceptibility, severity, benefit, barrier, cues to action and self-efficacy to COVID-19 prevention practice, respectively. Employees with a low level of perceived barriers were less likely to have a poor practice of COVID-19 prevention compared to employees with a high level of perceived barrier [AOR = 0.03, 95% CI (0.01,0.05)]. Similarly, employees with low cues to action and employees with a low level of self-efficacy were practiced COVID prevention measures to a lesser extent compared those with high cues to action and high level of self-efficacy [AOR = 0.05, 95% CI (0.026,0.10)] and [AOR = 0.08, 95% CI (0.04,0.14)], respectively. Conclusion: The proportion of employees with poor COVID-19 prevention was high. Income, perceived barrier, cues to action, and self-efficacy were significantly associated with COVID-19 prevention practice.

Ge t a s e w Am o g n e

Ge t a s e w Am o g n e

Intention to stop khat chewing and associated factors among khat chewers in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia: using Trans Theoretical Model

by asmamaw adugna, Telake Azale, and Getasew Amogne

Background Khat chewing practice is rapidly increasing worldwide and currently an estimated over ... more Background Khat chewing practice is rapidly increasing worldwide and currently an estimated over 10 million people chew khat. Trans Theoretical Model (TTM) is a promising model to assess the of stages of behavior change is a combination of intention. Given a sufficient control over the behavior, people carry out their intentions when the enabling environments arises. Assessing intention to quit chewing khat, motivational factors that influence behavior, is important to design effective interventions. Methods Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2019 in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia. Six hundred five khat chewers were selected from six kebeles using cluster sampling method. Structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Bivariate and multi-variable logistic regression model were fitted. Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval and p-values <0.05 in the multi-variable model were used to declare signific...

Magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its predictors among patients on second-generation antipsychotic drugs at six psychiatry clinics and mental hospitals, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019; Multicenter crosssectional study

Elsevier; Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome; Clinical Research and Review, 2021

Aims: Second-generation antipsychotics are an important component in the management of psychiatri... more Aims: Second-generation antipsychotics are an important component in the management of psychiatric conditions but their use can also lead to weight gain, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its predictors among patients who were on secondgeneration antipsychotic drugs at six psychiatry Hospitals, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. Method: This study was conducted using a Multicenter cross-sectional study design. Medical charts of 510 patients on second-generation antipsychotic drugs who were selected by convenience sampling method and complete patients' charts were included in this study. Data was gathered using a checklist from patients' medical charts. To identify the determinants of metabolic syndrome, a logistic regression model was used. Result: From a total of 510 patients' Medical charts on the second-generation antipsychotic drugs, 270 (52.9%) of them were females and 240 (47.1%) were males. The magnitude of metabolic syndrome among patients receiving second-generation antipsychotic drugs was found to be 88 (17.8%). Age, education, family history of cardiovascular disease, and type of second-generation antipsychotic drugs are found to be significantly associated factors with metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: Considerable proportion of patients receiving second-generation antipsychotic medications have metabolic syndrome.

Ge t a s e w Am o g n e