Papers by Christoph Herbig
R. Smolnik (Hrsg.), Ausgrabungen in Sachsen 6. Arbeits- u. Forschber. Sächs. Bodendenkmalpfl. Beih. 31 , 2018
AFSB. Beiheft 33 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nation... more AFSB. Beiheft 33 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. µ Das Titelbild zeigt von links nach rechts den Archäologen Klaus Kroitzsch bei einer Führung in Liebersee, den jungbronzezeitl Herausgegeben von Regina Smolnik HERAUSGEBER:
R. Smolnik (Hrsg.), Ausgrabungen in Sachsen 8. Arbeits- u. Forschber. Sächs. Bodendenkmalpfl. Beih. 36 , 2022
Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Jegliche Vervielfältigung einschließlich fotomechanischer und digitalisi... more Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Jegliche Vervielfältigung einschließlich fotomechanischer und digitalisierter Wiedergabe nur mit ausdrücklicher Genehmigung des Herausgebers.
In: H. Meller/S. Friederich/M. Küßner/R. Risch und H. Stäuble (Hrsg.), Siedlungsarchäologie des Endneolithikums und der frühen Bronzezeit. 11. Mitteldeutscher Archäologentag vom 18. bis 20. Oktober in Halle/Saale , 2019
Das archäologische Jahr in Bayern, 2022
Bericht der Bayerischen Bodendenkmalpflege, 2023
Tolksdorf, Johann Friedrich/Gebauer, Jessica/Zäuner, Steve/Heck, Karin/Hölzl, Stefan/Herzig, Fran... more Tolksdorf, Johann Friedrich/Gebauer, Jessica/Zäuner, Steve/Heck, Karin/Hölzl, Stefan/Herzig, Franz/Petr, Libor/Herbig, Christoph 2023, Der Friedhof an der Spitalkirche in Nördlingen: Eine mittelalterliche Bestattung mit Jakobsmuscheln. Bericht der Bayerischen Bodendenkmalpflege 63, 2023, 415-434.
Bericht der Bayerischen Bodendenkmalpflege, 2023
Tolksdorf, Johann Friedrich/Woidich, Manfred/Herbig, Christoph/Grigat, Andrea/Pöllath, Nadja/Pres... more Tolksdorf, Johann Friedrich/Woidich, Manfred/Herbig, Christoph/Grigat, Andrea/Pöllath, Nadja/Presslee, Samantha 2023, Eine frühlatènezeitliche Bestattung in einer Kegelstumpfgrube in Nördlingen. Archäozoologische und archäobotanische Untersuchungen. Bericht der Bayerischen Bodendenkmalpflege 63, 2023, 43-55.
Přispěvek se zaměřuje na pozůstatky metalurgie olova, střibra a mědi ve středověkem jadru města F... more Přispěvek se zaměřuje na pozůstatky metalurgie olova, střibra a mědi ve středověkem jadru města Freiberg. Jedna se o interdisciplinarni studii, zhrnujici výsledky zachranneho archeologickeho výzkumu a archeometalurgických analýz.
Vaihingen an der Enz (south-west Germany, Baden-Wür ttemberg) is one of the best investigated sit... more Vaihingen an der Enz (south-west Germany, Baden-Wür ttemberg) is one of the best investigated sites of the Early Neolithic Linienbandkeramik Cult ure (LBK) in central Europe as almost the entire settlement was excavated from 1994 to 2003. It dates from c 5500/5475 c 5070 BC, and includes different LBK periods with a high density of houses (and associated pits) dating to successive and overlapping settlement phases. It re aches its maximum expansion during the socalled “Flomborn complex”, when the settlement cons isted of 40-50 longhouses which spread over an area of c 6 ha.
Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2021
Colluvial sediments originating from soil erosion on slopes have proven to constitute significant... more Colluvial sediments originating from soil erosion on slopes have proven to constitute significant evidence for tracing past human impact on mountain landscapes. In the Central European Erzgebirge (Ore) Mountains, colluvial sediments are associated with specific landforms (footslopes, slope flattenings, dells) and cover a share of 11% (11,905 ha) of the regional soil landscape. Thirteen pedosedimentary sections with colluvial layers were investigated at five forested sites (520–730 m a.s.l.) within a context of mining archaeology, integrating data from pedology, archaeology, palaeobotany, and geochronology. The thickness of the gravel-bearing loamy, silty, and sandy colluvial layers is up to 70 cm, which are mostly located on top of the sections. The geochronological ages and archaeological data reveal a high to late medieval to post-medieval age of the colluvial sediments. Pollen data show a drastic decline of the mountain forests in the late twelfth to fifteenth centuries AD accomp...
This investigation combines two independent methods of identifying crop growing conditions and hu... more This investigation combines two independent methods of identifying crop growing conditions and hus-bandry practices—functional weed ecology and crop stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis—in order to assess their potential for inferring the intensity of past cereal production systems using archaeobotanical assemblages. Present-day organic cereal farming in Haute Provence, France features crop varieties adapted to low-nutrient soils managed through crop rotation, with little to no manuring. Weed quadrat survey of 60 crop field transects in this re-gion revealed that floristic variation primarily reflects geographical differences. Functional ecological weed data clearly distinguish the Provence fields from those surveyed in a previous study of intensively managed spelt wheat in Asturias, north-western Spain: as expected, weed eco-logical data reflect higher soil fertility and disturbance in Asturias. Similarly, crop stable nitrogen isotope values distinguish between intensive man...
The archaeological record for the Altheim culture (approx. 38th -35th century BC) in SW Germany i... more The archaeological record for the Altheim culture (approx. 38th -35th century BC) in SW Germany is highly biased. While a small number of waterlogged sites have provided material for very detailed analyses of settlement activities and economy within this environmental setting, evidence for settlement activities outside these specific topographic situations is extremely sparse. The same applies to burial features that have been identified from eight sites which are predominantly isolated burials that have not revealed any clear modus concerning orientation, grave goods or spatial organization. Here we present results from a site situated in the Nordlinger Ries (Bavaria) that has yielded a total of eight burials of this culture together with a small number of contemporary settlement features including the rare example of a well. Our results corroborate the absence of any strict orientation or a defined set of grave goods in this culture and no spatial organization of the burials could...
Tiradentes (UNIT), through the application of a questionnaire to information professionals who wo... more Tiradentes (UNIT), through the application of a questionnaire to information professionals who work and Develop their activities in these two information units in order to observe what tools they use to mediate information in their users, also objecting to the importance of librarians as disseminators of information and their skills and abilities developed in this process of information mediation. Therefore, this professional must anticipate the needs of users and not just wait for them to come to their work environment, having as an important tool to information and communication technologies and acting in different spaces in the units, as well as in the service Reference, which must be adequate given the demands of users and the community in general. Thus, librarians must master information technology, which entails confronting new roles and roles, but also leads to new opportunities and skills to be developed. When the user searches for the referral service, he also looks for guidance on how to behave in his searches, solve an existing problem, categorize important information that he needs and heal a given lack of information. In this sense, it is the responsibility of the librarian to be the mediator of this reference service, developing its role in guiding its users. Librarians need to develop a variety of functions so that their work as a whole is recognized so that their users find their desired information and that they meet their informational needs. The methodological procedures of the research consisted of bibliographical research and the application of a questionnaire to analyze the resources used by the librarians in the mediation of the information in their informational units.
Regional Environmental Change, 2020
Since the twelfth century, forest areas in the upper reaches of the low mountain ranges of centra... more Since the twelfth century, forest areas in the upper reaches of the low mountain ranges of central Europe provided an important source of wood and charcoal especially for mining and smelting as well as glass production. In this case study from a site in the upper Erzgebirge region (Ore Mountains), results from archeological, geophysical, pedo-sedimentological, geochemical, anthracological, and palynological analyses have been closely linked to allow for a diachronic reconstruction of changing land use and varying intensities of human impact with a special focus on the fourteenth to the twentieth century. While human presence during the thirteenth century can only be assumed from archeological material, the establishment of glass kilns together with quartz mining shafts during the fourteenth century has left behind more prominent traces in the landscape. However, although glass production is generally assumed to have caused intensive deforestation, the impact on this site appears rather weak compared to the sixteenth century onwards, when charcoal production, probably associated with emerging mining activities in the region, became important. Local deforestation and soil erosion has been associated mainly with this later phase of charcoal production and may indicate that the human impact of glass production is sometimes overestimated.
Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2019
Located in the Romanian Banat region, the Late Bronze Age (LBA) fortification Corneşti-Iarcuri is... more Located in the Romanian Banat region, the Late Bronze Age (LBA) fortification Corneşti-Iarcuri is the largest known prehistoric settlement in Europe. Archaeobotanical and geoarchaeological investigations have targeted the reconstruction of vegetation, land use practices and subsistence strategies at the site, together with related human impact and environmental changes in the wider study area. Since colluvia constitute valuable archives in terms of landscape history and anthropogenic disturbance, one major focus was put on floodplain profiles. In the valleys, two generations of colluvium prevailed which were separated by fossil topsoils. Based on several radiocarbon datings, a chronology of events, including distinct phases of geomorphological activity and stability, has been established. Some of the buried palaeosurfaces contained pollen in sufficient concentrations to confirm off-site data from the Vinga area, where the regional vegetation during the Middle Copper Age consisted of Tilia -dominated woodlands with steppe elements. Following a major Late Copper Age deforestation phase that also led to considerable soil erosion, the gradual formation of a cultural landscape is documented by a progressive decline in tree cover in which Quercus gained relative importance, and a continuous presence of land use indicators. Plant macro-remains from archaeological excavations underpin both the openness of the semi-natural woodlands during the pre-fortification era and the increase of animal husbandry and farming in the LBA. Despite evident settlement pressure, it proved to be a geomorphologically stable phase. Towards the Early Iron Age, the values of anthropogenic markers in on-site pollen spectra rose to values comparable to those in surface samples.
Geoarchaeology, 2019
Tin is an essential raw material both for the copper-tin alloys developed during the Early Bronze... more Tin is an essential raw material both for the copper-tin alloys developed during the Early Bronze Age and for the casting of tableware in the Medieval period. Secondary geological deposits in the form of placers (cassiterite) provide easily accessible sources but have often been reworked several times during land-use history. In fact, evidence for the earliest phase of tin mining during the Bronze Age has not yet been confirmed for any area in Europe, stimulating ongoing debate on this issue. For this study a broad range of methods (sedimentology, pedology, palynology, anthracology, OSL/14C-dating, micromorphology) was applied both within the extraction zone of placer mining and the downstream alluvial sediments at Schellerhau site in the upper eastern Erzgebirge (Germany). The results indicate that the earliest local removal of topsoil and processing of cassiterite-bearing weathered granite occurred already in the early second millennium BC, thus coinciding with the early and middle Bronze Age period. Placer mining resumed in this area during the Medieval period, probably as early as the 13th century AD. A peak of alluvial sedimentation during the Mid-15th century AD is probably related to the acquisition of this region by the Elector of Saxony and the subsequent promotion of mining.
Geoarchaeology, 2019
Knowledge on historic changes in vegetation, relief and soil is key in understanding how the upla... more Knowledge on historic changes in vegetation, relief and soil is key in understanding how the uplands in central Europe have changed during the last millennium, being an essential requirement for measures on forest conversion and nature conservation in that area. Evidence of forest-clearing horizons from the medieval period could be systematically documented at four low-to mid-altitudinal sites (360-640 m a.s.l.) in the Harz (Harz Mountains), Erzgebirge 2 (Ore Mountains) and Českomoravská vrchovina (Bohemian-Moravian Highlands). Subfossil trees with traces of human cutmarks and burning were recovered from buried wet-organic soils (paleosols) within a context of mining and settlement archaeology, applying a multiproxy-approach by using data from archaeology, palaeobotany, geochronology, dendrochronology, and pedology. Tree stumps and trunks as well as small-scale wood remains represent an in situ record of local conifer stands (spruce, fir, pine). Some deciduous tree taxa also occur. Dating of the tree remains yielded ages from the 10th/11th to the 13th/14th centuries A.D. After deforestation, the tree remains were buried by technogenic and alluvial-colluvial deposits. The reconstructed conifer-dominated woodlands on wet soils mirror the local vegetation structure immediately prior to medieval deforestation. As such wet sites are common in the uplands, conifers were significantly present in the natural vegetation even at mid and lower altitudes.
E&G Quaternary Science Journal, 2019
Undisturbed sediments are an important source for the reconstruction of the Holocene development ... more Undisturbed sediments are an important source for the reconstruction of the Holocene development of valleys. Wide floodplains with relatively small rivers in a region settled since 5500 BCE offer opportunities for investigations regarding climatic and anthropogenic landscape change. In the context of a motorway construction, excavations were carried out by the Saxonian Heritage Office in the year 2015. At one of the sites it was possible to get a view of the sediments of the Pleiße valley less than 100 m distance from large cross sections described by Neumeister (1964) in a former open cast mine. Archaeological finds and features, plant remains and radiocarbon dating as well as micromorphological and geochemical investigations helped to decipher the age and the characteristics of the Holocene sediments: above Weichselian loamy sands a sedge peat developed in small depressions during the Preboreal and Boreal. The sands and the sedge peat are covered by a "black clay", which was still the topsoil during the Atlantic period. The sedimentation of 2.3 m thick overbank fines began after 4000 BCE. A depth of 1 m below the surface a medieval Slavic find layer was excavated. These results show that sedimentation processes in the lower Pleiße valley significantly changed after 4000 BCE. It is obvious that the increase in silty material in the floodplain is caused by the land clearance in the Neolithic period. More than half of the silty overbank fines were deposited before the Middle Ages began. Kurzfassung: Ungestörte Sedimente in fluvialen Systemen sind ein wichtiges Archiv zur Rekonstruktion der holozänen Talentwicklung. Seit 5500 BCE besiedelte Altsiedellandschaften mit breiten, von relativ kleinen Flüssen durchflossenen Tälern bieten besonders gute Voraussetzungen für die Untersuchung klimatis-Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the Deutsche Quartärvereinigung (DEUQUA) e.V. 96 C. Tinapp et al.: Holocene floodplain evolution in a central European loess landscape cher und anthropogener Einflüsse auf Landschaftsveränderungen. Im Rahmen eines Autobahnprojektes südlich von Leipzig wurden vom Landesamt für Archäologie Sachsen Ausgrabungen durchgeführt. An einer der Grabungsflächen konnten die Sedimente des Pleißetales in weniger als 100 m Entfernung zu den von Neumeister (1964) in einem Tagebau beschriebenen Profilen aufgenommen und beprobt werden. Archäologische Befunde und Funde, Pflanzenreste, Radiocarbondatierungen, mikromorphologische und geochemische Untersuchungen führten zur Eingrenzung des Alters der holozänen Sedimente: Über weichselzeitlichem lehmigen Sand lagern in kleinen Vertiefungen Seggentorflagen aus dem Präboreal und Boreal. Sand sowie Torf werden von einem "Schwarzen Ton" überdeckt, der bis weit in das Atlantikum hinein den Oberboden bildete. Nach 4000 BCE begann die Sedimentation von etwa 2,3 m Auenlehm. Einen Meter unter der Geländeoberfläche befindet sich eine mittelalterliche, slawische Fundschicht. Die Ergebnisse belegen, dass sich nach der Ankunft der ersten Ackerbauern die Sedimentationsprozesse im Tal der unteren Pleiße nach 4000 BCE signifikant änderten. Der deutliche Anstieg von schluffreicherem Material in der Aue geht auf die Unterkulturnahme weiter Teile des Einzugsgebietes im Neolithikum zurück. Mehr als die Hälfte der Auenlehmdecke entstand vor dem Mittelalter.
E&G Quaternary Science Journal, 2019
Geoarchaeological reconstructions of land-use changes may help to reveal driving cultural factors... more Geoarchaeological reconstructions of land-use changes may help to reveal driving cultural factors and incentives behind these processes and relate them to supra-regional economic and political developments. This is particularly true in the context of complete abandonment of a settlement. Here we present a case study from the site of Faule Pfütze, a small catchment in the Eastern Ore Mountains (Saxony). The historical record of this site is confined to the report of a settlement called Hohenwalde in 1404 CE and two later references to the then-abandoned settlement in 1492 and 1524 CE in this area. Combined geoarchaeological studies allowed for the reconstruction of several phases of land use. While a first phase of alluvial sedimentation occurred during the late 12th century, archaeological evidence for a permanent settlement is absent during this period. The onset of settlement activity is identified during the late 14th century and included a hitherto unknown massive stone building. Mining features are present nearby and are dated to the early 15th century. The local palynological record shows evidence for reforestation during the mid 15th century and thereby corroborates the time of abandonment indicated by written sources. These processes are discussed in the context of a local political conflict (Dohna Feud) leading to the redistribution of properties and the development of a mining economy during this time. Later land use from the mid 16th century onwards appears restricted to charcoal production, probably in the context of smelting works operating in nearby Schmiedeberg as indicated by rising lead concentrations in the alluvial record. Kurzfassung: Geoarchäologische Rekonstruktionen der Landschaftsgeschichte können dazu dienen, die hinter diesen Prozessen liegenden kulturellen Triebkräfte und Motivationen offenzulegen und diese mit überregionalen ökonomischen und politischen Entwicklungen in Beziehung zu setzen. In besonders hohem
Uploads
Papers by Christoph Herbig
weitere Co-Autoren: Anja Kaltofen, Sonja Matson