Erdene Myagmar

The National University of Mongolia, Anthropology and Archaeology, Faculty Member

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My areas of interest are bioarchaeology, palaeopathology, cranial discrete traits, biological distance and physical growth and development of children.
Address: Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

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Konstantin Solodovnikov

Tyumen Research Center of SB RAS

Alexander Kozintsev

Russian academy of sciences, Peter the Great Museum of Antropology and Ethnography

Erdene Myagmar

The National University of Mongolia

Dudko Alexandr

Novosibirsk State University

Alexey Kovalev

Institute of Archaeology Russian Academy of Sciences

Chuluunbat Munkhbayar

Munkhbayar Chuluunbat

The National University of Mongolia

Bilikto Bazarov

Institute of Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies

Anatoly Faifert

Southern Federal University, Russia

Shevan Wilkin

University of Zurich, Switzerland

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Morphogenetic Connections of the Early Bronze Age Populations from Mongolia from Craniofacial Morphology Perspective

by Erdene Myagmar and Konstantin Solodovnikov

Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences, 2024

In this paper, we present the results of the craniometric study of Afanasievo and Chemurchek (Khe... more In this paper, we present the results of the craniometric study of Afanasievo and Chemurchek (Khemtseg or Hemtseg) archaeological cultures from the territory of Mongolia. Male crania of the Afanasievo culture from the central regions of Mongolia are characterized by a proto-European complex of traits of Eastern European origin. Among the groups of the Afanasievo culture of south Siberia, they are most similar morphologically to the series of crania from the transboundary region of the southern Altai. For the first time, we analyzed the craniological materials of the Chemurchek culture from the Early Bronze Age in Western Mongolia. Our study revealed a significant morphological difference between the Chemurchek culture population and the earlier Afanasievo culture population of South Siberia and Central Asia. From an anthropological perspective, the Chemurchek culture population is characterized by Asian features. They share close similarities with the populations from the northern regions of Mongolia during the Neolithic period. Additionally, they also bear resemblance to the populations of Serovo and Glazkovo cultures from the Circumbaikal region during the Neolithic-Bronze Age periods. We have noticed a certain similarity in the physical characteristics of early Bronze Age populations from south Siberia and central Asia. This similarity may indicate a common ancestral background among these populations. The range of physical diversity among ancient populations in Mongolia encompasses the entire spectrum of variation seen in the northern part of Eurasia during the Neolithic and early Bronze Ages, concerning the main ethnic and genetic lineages of humankind.

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