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Xiaoming tang

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Richard Tabor Greene

PUT

Columbia University

Johns Hopkins University

michele ciavarella

Politecnico di Bari

Predrag Milidrag

Institute of Social Sciences

Al-Azhar University

Lund University

Ana Moura Santos

Universidade de Lisboa

University of Zurich, Switzerland

Sachin S . Surwase

Johns Hopkins University

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Papers by Xiaoming tang

Radiation patterns of compressional and shear transducers at the surface of an elastic half-space

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1994

This study investigates the radiation patterns of an elastic wave field generated by circular pla... more This study investigates the radiation patterns of an elastic wave field generated by circular plane compressional and shear transducers at the surface of an elastic half-space. These patterns are obtained from the integral representation of the elastic wave field using the method of steepest descent. It is shown that these patterns contain both effects of the elastic half-space and the amplitude modulation due to the finite dimension of the transducer source. Examples are given to show the behavior of the radiation patterns at low, medium, and high frequencies. These patterns have been verified by a laboratory experiment performed using circular compressional and shear transducers. Therefore, for a circular transducer (compressional or shear) of a given operating frequency, the transducer radiation directivity can be conveniently analyzed using the results of this study.

Advances in borehole acoustic reflection imaging

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics, 2017

Borehole acoustic reflection imaging has recently emerged as an important geophysical well-loggin... more Borehole acoustic reflection imaging has recently emerged as an important geophysical well-logging technology in hydrocarbon exploration. This technology greatly enhances the ability to image reservoir structures away from borehole. This paper provides an overview on the advancement of this technology and its applications. The most significant advance is shear-wave refection imaging using borehole dipole sources. With these advances, the borehole reflection imaging has begun to shift the paradigm of well logging from "a view along a well" to "a teleview away from the well". The dipole shear-wave reflection imaging technology has been successfully tested by a designated experiment using two parallel boreholes far away from each other. This technology has also been applied to field acoustic logging measurements. The result demonstrates that it can detect hidden reservoir around borehole and image reservoir fractures. The shear-wave imaging is particularly useful for detect fractures that have a sharp shear rigidity discontinuity. Further, the azimuthal sensitivity of the dipole shear wave allows for determining the strike azimuth of the fracture.

Borehole radiation and reception responses for azimuthal shear-wave reflection imaging with an off-centred dipole acoustic tool

Journal of Geophysics and Engineering

Radiation and reception responses of a dipole acoustic logging tool placed eccentrically in boreh... more Radiation and reception responses of a dipole acoustic logging tool placed eccentrically in borehole fluid are an interesting and important topic in acoustic reflection imaging. Herein, we present a thorough research study on these responses. We treat the wave incidence from the reflector as the radiation from a virtual source and use the cylindrical-wave expansion method to solve both the wave radiation and reception problems for the off-centred tool, which, by using the steepest-descent method, yields asymptotic solutions for modelling the radiation and reception wavefield characteristics. The modelling results from the analytical solution and the 3D finite-difference method were in good agreement. Specifically, we analysed the radiation directivity of an eccentric dipole source in a fluid-filled borehole. The results revealed that the radiation pattern was asymmetric with respect to the borehole, and the asymmetry was determined by the eccentric distance, source frequency and for...

Integrating Multi-sensor Acoustic and Resistivity Data for Improved Formation Evaluation in the Presence of Drilling Induced Fractures

Analysis of Formation Shear Wave Anisotropy from Cross-Dipole Acoustic Logs

5th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society

Reciprocity in the radiation and reception of shear waves from a borehole dipole source and its application to fast simulation of shear-wave reflection survey

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2013

Summary Realistic simulation of waveform data from a borehole acoustic reflection survey needs to... more Summary Realistic simulation of waveform data from a borehole acoustic reflection survey needs to model the effects of radiation, reflection, and reception of elastic waves from a borehole source, which usually requires extensive effort in the modeling. Using elastic reciprocity theorem and numerical modeling, we show that the shear-wave radiation from a borehole dipole source is reciprocal to the reception in the source orientation, of the borehole fluid displacement caused by the incidence of plane shear waves upon the borehole. Consequently, the borehole radiation pattern can be utilized to compute the borehole reception directivity. Furthermore, the radiation away from borehole can be accurately computed using a far-field asymptotic solution. The use of the reciprocity theorem and the asymptotic solution greatly reduces the computational effort in the reflection survey simulation. The simulation results agree well with those from a 3D finite difference elastic wave simulation. The result of this work provides a fast algorithm for simulating the dipole-shear wave reflection survey along a borehole.

$Research paper thumbnail of Elastic wave diffraction of a piston source and its effect on attenuation measurements$

Elastic wave diffraction of a piston source and its effect on attenuation measurements

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1988

The radiation of an elastic wave field from a plane piston source is formulated using the represe... more The radiation of an elastic wave field from a plane piston source is formulated using the representation theorem, in which the Green's function for an elastic half space is employed. On the basis of this formulation, we derive the radiated elastic wave field for both compressional and shear wave sources. We study the diffraction of elastic waves incident on a receiver that is coaxially aligned with the source. We present a procedure in which both numerical and asymptotic techniques are employed to allow us to evaluate the diffraction effects in any frequency range of interest. We compare the elastic diffraction with the acoustic diffraction and find that they are different in the near field of the piston source due to the coupling between shear and com pressional components in the elastic case. In the far field, however, the elastic diffraction approaches the acoustic diffraction. With the help of ultrasonic laboratory measurements, we test the theoretical results and find that the theory and experiments agree well. An important result of this study is that in attenuation measurements with pulse propagation techniques where spectral ratio relative to a standard sample or ratio of samples of the same material but of different lengths is used, it is necessary to correct for diffraction effects. In the attenuation measurement using spectral ratio of a sample and a standard reference sample, the attenuation can be overestimated, while in the attenuation measurement using a spectral ratio of samples of different lengths, the attenuation can be significantly underestimated, if corrections for diffraction effects are not made.

A hybrid method to simulate elastic wave scattering of three-dimensional objects

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2018

A hybrid method based on the finite-difference method and equivalence principle to simulate elast... more A hybrid method based on the finite-difference method and equivalence principle to simulate elastic wave scattering of three-dimensional objects is proposed. In this method, the near fields are first calculated in a rectangular volume containing the object by the finite-difference method. Then the displacements and tractions on a virtual surface are transformed to the far field by the application of the equivalence principle in elastodynamics. The feasibility is verified by comparing modeling results with the analytical solution for the canonical point force source radiation problem. Modeling for complex scatterer structures shows the advantage of this method in handling multi-scale scattering problems.

Directional P-wave Remote Acoustic Imaging in an Acoustically Slow Formation

The Open Petroleum Engineering Journal

Directional P-wave remote acoustic imaging in an acoustically slow formation is discussed to impr... more Directional P-wave remote acoustic imaging in an acoustically slow formation is discussed to improve dipole remote acoustic applications. In this paper, we start from the fundamental radiation, reflection and reception theory of a borehole dipole source. We then simulate the elastic wavefield radiation, reflection and reception generated by a borehole dipole source in an acoustically slow formation, and analyze their similarities and differences of the far-field radiation directionality of a borehole dipole-generated P-wave and monopole-generated P-wave. We demonstrate its sensitivity and feasibility in conjunction with a numerical simulation of P-wave remote acoustic imaging. The analytical results show that the dipole-generated P-wave has obvious reflection sensitivity and it can be utilized for reflection imaging and determination of the reflector azimuth. Based on the theoretical analysis above, a field example is used to demonstrate these characteristics and the application eff...

A unified theory for elastic wave propagation through porous media containing cracks—An extension of Biot’s poroelastic wave theory

Science China Earth Sciences

Rocks in earth's crust usually contain both pores and cracks. This phenomenon significantly affec... more Rocks in earth's crust usually contain both pores and cracks. This phenomenon significantly affects the propagation of elastic waves in earth. This study describes a unified elastic wave theory for porous rock media containing cracks. The new theory extends the classic Biot's poroelastic wave theory to include the effects of cracks. The effect of cracks on rock's elastic property is introduced using a crack-dependent dry bulk modulus. Another important frequency-dependent effect is the "squirt flow" phenomenon in the cracked porous rock. The analytical results of the new theory demonstrate not only reduction of elastic moduli due to cracks but also significant elastic wave attenuation and dispersion due to squirt flow. The theory shows that the effects of cracks are controlled by two most important parameters of a cracked solid: crack density and aspect ratio. An appealing feature of the new theory is its maintenance of the main characteristics of Biot's theory, predicting the characteristics of Biot's slow wave and the effects of permeability on elastic wave propagation. As an application example, the theory correctly simulates the change of elastic wave velocity with gas saturation in a field data set. Compared to Biot theory, the new theory has a broader application scope in the measurement of rock properties of earth's shallow crust using seismic/acoustic waves. poroelasticity, wave propagation, cracked medium, rockphysics Citation: Tang X M. A unified theory for elastic wave propagation through porous media containing cracks-An extension of Biot's poroelastic wave theory.

Joint inversion of logging-while-drilling multipole acoustic data to determine P- and S-wave velocities in unconsolidated slow formations

GEOPHYSICS

Seismic-wave anisotropy has long been an important topic in the exploration and development of un... more Seismic-wave anisotropy has long been an important topic in the exploration and development of unconventional reservoirs, especially in shales, which are commonly characterized as transversely isotropic ([TI] or vertical TI [VTI]) media. At present, the shear-wave (S-wave) TI properties have mainly been determined from monopole Stoneley- or dipole flexural-wave measurements in wireline acoustic logging, but the feasibility of those obtained from logging-while-drilling (LWD) acoustic data needs to be established. We have developed a joint inversion method for simultaneously determining formation S-wave transverse isotropy and vertical velocity from LWD multipole acoustic data. Our theoretical analysis shows that the presence of anisotropy strongly influences LWD Stoneley- and quadrupole-wave dispersion characteristics. Although the monopole Stoneley and quadrupole waves are sensitive to the formation S-wave TI parameters, they suffer from the typical nonuniqueness problem when using the individual-wave data to invert parameters alone. Thus, the respective dispersion data can be jointly used to estimate the formation S-wave TI properties. By the joint inversion, the nonuniqueness problem in the parameter inversion can also be effectively alleviated. The feasibility of the method has been verified by the processing results of theoretical synthetic data and field LWD acoustic-wave data. Therefore, the result offers an effective method for evaluating VTI formation anisotropy from acoustic LWD data.

Acoustic isolation of a monopole logging while drilling tool by combining natural stopbands of pipe extensional waves

Geophysical Journal International

For extensional wave propagation along a cylindrical pipe, there exists a natural stopband in the... more For extensional wave propagation along a cylindrical pipe, there exists a natural stopband in the frequency range between the first and second modes. This study explores the feasibility and practicality of building a drill collar acoustic extensional-wave isolator by combining the stopbands of pipes of different thicknesses. Numerical modelling shows that this is indeed possible and a stopband of designated width can be obtained using an optimization procedure. Laboratory measurement on an optimized design further verified this concept. The result provides a viable approach for the acoustic isolation design of a logging while drilling acoustic tool.

$Research paper thumbnail of Acoustic characterization and imaging of shale gas fractures in horizontal wells$

Acoustic characterization and imaging of shale gas fractures in horizontal wells

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2017

Detecting a fluid-filled borehole using elastic waves from a remote borehole

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Aug 1, 2016

The interaction of a fluid-filled borehole with incident elastic waves is an important topic for ... more The interaction of a fluid-filled borehole with incident elastic waves is an important topic for downhole acoustic measurements. By analyzing the wave phenomena of this problem, one can simulate the detection of a borehole target using a source-receiver system in a remote borehole. The analysis result shows that the wave signals from the target borehole are of sufficient amplitude even though the borehole size is small compared to wavelength. Consequently, the target borehole can be detected when the two boreholes are far away from each other. The result can be utilized to provide a method for testing downhole acoustic imaging tools.

Estimating formation stress using borehole monopole and cross-dipole acoustic measurements: theory and method

Method for enhancing resolution of earth formation elastic-wave velocities by isolating a wave event and matching it for all receiver combinations on an acoustic-array logging tool

Apparatus and method for combined acoustic and seismoelectric logging measurements

Formation Stress Identification and Estimation Using Borehole Monopole and Cross-Dipole Acoustic Measurements

Waveform inversion of seismic P‐wave attenuation from borehole compressional wave logs

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1995, 1995

Seismic wave attenuation is closely related to petrophysical and mechanical properties of subsurf... more

Processing dipole waveform logs for formation alteration identification

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1996, 1996

Radiation patterns of compressional and shear transducers at the surface of an elastic half-space

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1994

This study investigates the radiation patterns of an elastic wave field generated by circular pla... more This study investigates the radiation patterns of an elastic wave field generated by circular plane compressional and shear transducers at the surface of an elastic half-space. These patterns are obtained from the integral representation of the elastic wave field using the method of steepest descent. It is shown that these patterns contain both effects of the elastic half-space and the amplitude modulation due to the finite dimension of the transducer source. Examples are given to show the behavior of the radiation patterns at low, medium, and high frequencies. These patterns have been verified by a laboratory experiment performed using circular compressional and shear transducers. Therefore, for a circular transducer (compressional or shear) of a given operating frequency, the transducer radiation directivity can be conveniently analyzed using the results of this study.

Advances in borehole acoustic reflection imaging

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics, 2017

Borehole acoustic reflection imaging has recently emerged as an important geophysical well-loggin... more Borehole acoustic reflection imaging has recently emerged as an important geophysical well-logging technology in hydrocarbon exploration. This technology greatly enhances the ability to image reservoir structures away from borehole. This paper provides an overview on the advancement of this technology and its applications. The most significant advance is shear-wave refection imaging using borehole dipole sources. With these advances, the borehole reflection imaging has begun to shift the paradigm of well logging from "a view along a well" to "a teleview away from the well". The dipole shear-wave reflection imaging technology has been successfully tested by a designated experiment using two parallel boreholes far away from each other. This technology has also been applied to field acoustic logging measurements. The result demonstrates that it can detect hidden reservoir around borehole and image reservoir fractures. The shear-wave imaging is particularly useful for detect fractures that have a sharp shear rigidity discontinuity. Further, the azimuthal sensitivity of the dipole shear wave allows for determining the strike azimuth of the fracture.

Borehole radiation and reception responses for azimuthal shear-wave reflection imaging with an off-centred dipole acoustic tool

Journal of Geophysics and Engineering

Radiation and reception responses of a dipole acoustic logging tool placed eccentrically in boreh... more Radiation and reception responses of a dipole acoustic logging tool placed eccentrically in borehole fluid are an interesting and important topic in acoustic reflection imaging. Herein, we present a thorough research study on these responses. We treat the wave incidence from the reflector as the radiation from a virtual source and use the cylindrical-wave expansion method to solve both the wave radiation and reception problems for the off-centred tool, which, by using the steepest-descent method, yields asymptotic solutions for modelling the radiation and reception wavefield characteristics. The modelling results from the analytical solution and the 3D finite-difference method were in good agreement. Specifically, we analysed the radiation directivity of an eccentric dipole source in a fluid-filled borehole. The results revealed that the radiation pattern was asymmetric with respect to the borehole, and the asymmetry was determined by the eccentric distance, source frequency and for...

Integrating Multi-sensor Acoustic and Resistivity Data for Improved Formation Evaluation in the Presence of Drilling Induced Fractures

Analysis of Formation Shear Wave Anisotropy from Cross-Dipole Acoustic Logs

5th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society

Reciprocity in the radiation and reception of shear waves from a borehole dipole source and its application to fast simulation of shear-wave reflection survey

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2013

Summary Realistic simulation of waveform data from a borehole acoustic reflection survey needs to... more Summary Realistic simulation of waveform data from a borehole acoustic reflection survey needs to model the effects of radiation, reflection, and reception of elastic waves from a borehole source, which usually requires extensive effort in the modeling. Using elastic reciprocity theorem and numerical modeling, we show that the shear-wave radiation from a borehole dipole source is reciprocal to the reception in the source orientation, of the borehole fluid displacement caused by the incidence of plane shear waves upon the borehole. Consequently, the borehole radiation pattern can be utilized to compute the borehole reception directivity. Furthermore, the radiation away from borehole can be accurately computed using a far-field asymptotic solution. The use of the reciprocity theorem and the asymptotic solution greatly reduces the computational effort in the reflection survey simulation. The simulation results agree well with those from a 3D finite difference elastic wave simulation. The result of this work provides a fast algorithm for simulating the dipole-shear wave reflection survey along a borehole.

$Research paper thumbnail of Elastic wave diffraction of a piston source and its effect on attenuation measurements$

Elastic wave diffraction of a piston source and its effect on attenuation measurements

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1988

The radiation of an elastic wave field from a plane piston source is formulated using the represe... more The radiation of an elastic wave field from a plane piston source is formulated using the representation theorem, in which the Green's function for an elastic half space is employed. On the basis of this formulation, we derive the radiated elastic wave field for both compressional and shear wave sources. We study the diffraction of elastic waves incident on a receiver that is coaxially aligned with the source. We present a procedure in which both numerical and asymptotic techniques are employed to allow us to evaluate the diffraction effects in any frequency range of interest. We compare the elastic diffraction with the acoustic diffraction and find that they are different in the near field of the piston source due to the coupling between shear and com pressional components in the elastic case. In the far field, however, the elastic diffraction approaches the acoustic diffraction. With the help of ultrasonic laboratory measurements, we test the theoretical results and find that the theory and experiments agree well. An important result of this study is that in attenuation measurements with pulse propagation techniques where spectral ratio relative to a standard sample or ratio of samples of the same material but of different lengths is used, it is necessary to correct for diffraction effects. In the attenuation measurement using spectral ratio of a sample and a standard reference sample, the attenuation can be overestimated, while in the attenuation measurement using a spectral ratio of samples of different lengths, the attenuation can be significantly underestimated, if corrections for diffraction effects are not made.

A hybrid method to simulate elastic wave scattering of three-dimensional objects

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2018

A hybrid method based on the finite-difference method and equivalence principle to simulate elast... more A hybrid method based on the finite-difference method and equivalence principle to simulate elastic wave scattering of three-dimensional objects is proposed. In this method, the near fields are first calculated in a rectangular volume containing the object by the finite-difference method. Then the displacements and tractions on a virtual surface are transformed to the far field by the application of the equivalence principle in elastodynamics. The feasibility is verified by comparing modeling results with the analytical solution for the canonical point force source radiation problem. Modeling for complex scatterer structures shows the advantage of this method in handling multi-scale scattering problems.

Directional P-wave Remote Acoustic Imaging in an Acoustically Slow Formation

The Open Petroleum Engineering Journal

Directional P-wave remote acoustic imaging in an acoustically slow formation is discussed to impr... more Directional P-wave remote acoustic imaging in an acoustically slow formation is discussed to improve dipole remote acoustic applications. In this paper, we start from the fundamental radiation, reflection and reception theory of a borehole dipole source. We then simulate the elastic wavefield radiation, reflection and reception generated by a borehole dipole source in an acoustically slow formation, and analyze their similarities and differences of the far-field radiation directionality of a borehole dipole-generated P-wave and monopole-generated P-wave. We demonstrate its sensitivity and feasibility in conjunction with a numerical simulation of P-wave remote acoustic imaging. The analytical results show that the dipole-generated P-wave has obvious reflection sensitivity and it can be utilized for reflection imaging and determination of the reflector azimuth. Based on the theoretical analysis above, a field example is used to demonstrate these characteristics and the application eff...

A unified theory for elastic wave propagation through porous media containing cracks—An extension of Biot’s poroelastic wave theory

Science China Earth Sciences

Rocks in earth's crust usually contain both pores and cracks. This phenomenon significantly affec... more Rocks in earth's crust usually contain both pores and cracks. This phenomenon significantly affects the propagation of elastic waves in earth. This study describes a unified elastic wave theory for porous rock media containing cracks. The new theory extends the classic Biot's poroelastic wave theory to include the effects of cracks. The effect of cracks on rock's elastic property is introduced using a crack-dependent dry bulk modulus. Another important frequency-dependent effect is the "squirt flow" phenomenon in the cracked porous rock. The analytical results of the new theory demonstrate not only reduction of elastic moduli due to cracks but also significant elastic wave attenuation and dispersion due to squirt flow. The theory shows that the effects of cracks are controlled by two most important parameters of a cracked solid: crack density and aspect ratio. An appealing feature of the new theory is its maintenance of the main characteristics of Biot's theory, predicting the characteristics of Biot's slow wave and the effects of permeability on elastic wave propagation. As an application example, the theory correctly simulates the change of elastic wave velocity with gas saturation in a field data set. Compared to Biot theory, the new theory has a broader application scope in the measurement of rock properties of earth's shallow crust using seismic/acoustic waves. poroelasticity, wave propagation, cracked medium, rockphysics Citation: Tang X M. A unified theory for elastic wave propagation through porous media containing cracks-An extension of Biot's poroelastic wave theory.

Joint inversion of logging-while-drilling multipole acoustic data to determine P- and S-wave velocities in unconsolidated slow formations

GEOPHYSICS

Seismic-wave anisotropy has long been an important topic in the exploration and development of un... more Seismic-wave anisotropy has long been an important topic in the exploration and development of unconventional reservoirs, especially in shales, which are commonly characterized as transversely isotropic ([TI] or vertical TI [VTI]) media. At present, the shear-wave (S-wave) TI properties have mainly been determined from monopole Stoneley- or dipole flexural-wave measurements in wireline acoustic logging, but the feasibility of those obtained from logging-while-drilling (LWD) acoustic data needs to be established. We have developed a joint inversion method for simultaneously determining formation S-wave transverse isotropy and vertical velocity from LWD multipole acoustic data. Our theoretical analysis shows that the presence of anisotropy strongly influences LWD Stoneley- and quadrupole-wave dispersion characteristics. Although the monopole Stoneley and quadrupole waves are sensitive to the formation S-wave TI parameters, they suffer from the typical nonuniqueness problem when using the individual-wave data to invert parameters alone. Thus, the respective dispersion data can be jointly used to estimate the formation S-wave TI properties. By the joint inversion, the nonuniqueness problem in the parameter inversion can also be effectively alleviated. The feasibility of the method has been verified by the processing results of theoretical synthetic data and field LWD acoustic-wave data. Therefore, the result offers an effective method for evaluating VTI formation anisotropy from acoustic LWD data.

Acoustic isolation of a monopole logging while drilling tool by combining natural stopbands of pipe extensional waves

Geophysical Journal International

For extensional wave propagation along a cylindrical pipe, there exists a natural stopband in the... more For extensional wave propagation along a cylindrical pipe, there exists a natural stopband in the frequency range between the first and second modes. This study explores the feasibility and practicality of building a drill collar acoustic extensional-wave isolator by combining the stopbands of pipes of different thicknesses. Numerical modelling shows that this is indeed possible and a stopband of designated width can be obtained using an optimization procedure. Laboratory measurement on an optimized design further verified this concept. The result provides a viable approach for the acoustic isolation design of a logging while drilling acoustic tool.

$Research paper thumbnail of Acoustic characterization and imaging of shale gas fractures in horizontal wells$

Acoustic characterization and imaging of shale gas fractures in horizontal wells

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2017

Detecting a fluid-filled borehole using elastic waves from a remote borehole

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Aug 1, 2016

The interaction of a fluid-filled borehole with incident elastic waves is an important topic for ... more The interaction of a fluid-filled borehole with incident elastic waves is an important topic for downhole acoustic measurements. By analyzing the wave phenomena of this problem, one can simulate the detection of a borehole target using a source-receiver system in a remote borehole. The analysis result shows that the wave signals from the target borehole are of sufficient amplitude even though the borehole size is small compared to wavelength. Consequently, the target borehole can be detected when the two boreholes are far away from each other. The result can be utilized to provide a method for testing downhole acoustic imaging tools.

Estimating formation stress using borehole monopole and cross-dipole acoustic measurements: theory and method

Method for enhancing resolution of earth formation elastic-wave velocities by isolating a wave event and matching it for all receiver combinations on an acoustic-array logging tool

Apparatus and method for combined acoustic and seismoelectric logging measurements

Formation Stress Identification and Estimation Using Borehole Monopole and Cross-Dipole Acoustic Measurements

Waveform inversion of seismic P‐wave attenuation from borehole compressional wave logs

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1995, 1995

Seismic wave attenuation is closely related to petrophysical and mechanical properties of subsurf... more

Processing dipole waveform logs for formation alteration identification

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1996, 1996