Sergiu Ostaf
(selected papers in English) Policy Analysis, Advocacy and Implementation in the area of democratization, democratic institutions and human rights.
Use of legal, economic, security and institutional dimensions in producing practical outcomes to be used as a policy advise for action.
Address: skype: serghei.ostaf
Use of legal, economic, security and institutional dimensions in producing practical outcomes to be used as a policy advise for action.
Address: skype: serghei.ostaf
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Papers by Sergiu Ostaf
parts of the campaign finance regulatory system are working well, others are only partially working or
not working at all. The study shows that campaign finance regulations are failing to provide the type of
transparent information that allows citizens to make an informed choice based on a clear understanding
of who is financing political parties and how the parties are spending donated money.
The data gathered during this study shows political parties are in a financial race to cover exponential increases in campaign costs. Official electoral campaign budgets of major political parties are spent on media promotion. This has become the largest expense line and a key element in a party’s electoral strategy. Advertising on TV (and radio) represents 75% of declared political party expenses. Party leaders are under pressure to be present in the media as the media aggressively promotes political leaders and allocates substantial time for political issues.
The purpose of this study is to understand what are the international and national obligations and what should be the actions of Moldova in the conditions of war. The study is designed for decision makers and professionals. The study answers the following specific questions:
• What are the (international) legal obligations and, accordingly, the responsibility of Moldova in the context of the military aggression of the Russian Federation? Based on commitments, what should be Moldova's actions?
• What should be the actions of Moldova in the conditions of Russian aggression to restore and maintain its sovereignty and territorial independence?
Moldova can use the right to preventive self-defense together with Ukraine against the military aggression of the Russian Federation. Ukraine has the right to separately exercise the right to anticipatry self-defence. Only anticipatory self-defense can be effective in preventing a possible catastrophic scenario. Reactive self-defense is ineffective and means inevitable negative consequences for Moldova. The reactivity of Moldova's actions defines the country as a resource country and officially responsible for actions from its territory to carry out direct or indirect military aggression against Ukraine.
In the context of deployed hybrid actions, assessment of the catastrophic consequences of aggression, the presence of most indicators of the preparation of military actions by the aggressor, the right to preemptive defense is the most effective way to promote the implementation of the UN Charter to support peace and prevent Russian aggression.
This study seeks to examine the impact of corruption on the enjoyment of universal human rights in Moldova. It does so by firstly developing a framework to screen for relevant cases, identifying a common causal nexus between individual acts and systematic corruption, and then assessing the resulting impact on human rights. Case research for this study has been carried out using publicly available data from relevant institutions, for the period 2017-2020.
Our findings demonstrate that corruption significantly depletes public resources, which in turn adversely impacts the enjoyment of all manner of rights outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In assessing data on human rights violations, we found that the most frequently affected rights that share a causal relationship to corruption are the right to life, to legal representation and a fair trial, as well as to education, health, property, and social protection. Additionally, the most frequently identified victims are vulnerable and marginalized groups. We also identified that human rights violations may be driven by corruption on an individual basis, on a systemic level or a combination of the two.
Finally, this study proposes policy recommendations and interventions designed to limit the impact of corruption on the enjoyment of the human rights. These include proposing legislative amendments to include corruption as an aggravating factor in criminal proceedings and human rights litigation, introducing ex-ante and ex-post human rights corruption impact assessments, improving the transparency and integrity of administrative decisions, limiting administrative procedures which are based on the exercise of discretion, and establishing accountability mechanisms within Moldova’s domestic framework.
Case research for this study has been carried out using publicly available data from relevant institutions, for the period 2017-2020.
Our findings demonstrate that corruption significantly depletes public resources, which in turn adversely impacts the enjoyment of all manner of rights outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In
assessing data on human rights violations, we found that the most frequently affected rights that share a causal relationship to corruption are the right to life, to legal representation and a fair trial, as well as to education, health, property, and social protection. Additionally, the most frequently identified victims are vulnerable and marginalized groups. We also identified that human rights violations may be driven by corruption on an individual basis, on a systemic level or a combination of the two.
Finally, this study proposes policy recommendations and interventions designed to limit the impact of corruption on the enjoyment of the human rights. These include proposing legislative amendments to include corruption as an aggravating factor in criminal proceedings and human rights litigation, introducing ex-ante and ex-post human rights corruption impact assessments, improving the transparency and integrity of administrative decisions, limiting administrative procedures which are based on the exercise of discretion, and establishing accountability mechanisms within Moldova’s domestic framework.
parts of the campaign finance regulatory system are working well, others are only partially working or
not working at all. The study shows that campaign finance regulations are failing to provide the type of
transparent information that allows citizens to make an informed choice based on a clear understanding
of who is financing political parties and how the parties are spending donated money.
The data gathered during this study shows political parties are in a financial race to cover exponential increases in campaign costs. Official electoral campaign budgets of major political parties are spent on media promotion. This has become the largest expense line and a key element in a party’s electoral strategy. Advertising on TV (and radio) represents 75% of declared political party expenses. Party leaders are under pressure to be present in the media as the media aggressively promotes political leaders and allocates substantial time for political issues.
The purpose of this study is to understand what are the international and national obligations and what should be the actions of Moldova in the conditions of war. The study is designed for decision makers and professionals. The study answers the following specific questions:
• What are the (international) legal obligations and, accordingly, the responsibility of Moldova in the context of the military aggression of the Russian Federation? Based on commitments, what should be Moldova's actions?
• What should be the actions of Moldova in the conditions of Russian aggression to restore and maintain its sovereignty and territorial independence?
Moldova can use the right to preventive self-defense together with Ukraine against the military aggression of the Russian Federation. Ukraine has the right to separately exercise the right to anticipatry self-defence. Only anticipatory self-defense can be effective in preventing a possible catastrophic scenario. Reactive self-defense is ineffective and means inevitable negative consequences for Moldova. The reactivity of Moldova's actions defines the country as a resource country and officially responsible for actions from its territory to carry out direct or indirect military aggression against Ukraine.
In the context of deployed hybrid actions, assessment of the catastrophic consequences of aggression, the presence of most indicators of the preparation of military actions by the aggressor, the right to preemptive defense is the most effective way to promote the implementation of the UN Charter to support peace and prevent Russian aggression.
This study seeks to examine the impact of corruption on the enjoyment of universal human rights in Moldova. It does so by firstly developing a framework to screen for relevant cases, identifying a common causal nexus between individual acts and systematic corruption, and then assessing the resulting impact on human rights. Case research for this study has been carried out using publicly available data from relevant institutions, for the period 2017-2020.
Our findings demonstrate that corruption significantly depletes public resources, which in turn adversely impacts the enjoyment of all manner of rights outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In assessing data on human rights violations, we found that the most frequently affected rights that share a causal relationship to corruption are the right to life, to legal representation and a fair trial, as well as to education, health, property, and social protection. Additionally, the most frequently identified victims are vulnerable and marginalized groups. We also identified that human rights violations may be driven by corruption on an individual basis, on a systemic level or a combination of the two.
Finally, this study proposes policy recommendations and interventions designed to limit the impact of corruption on the enjoyment of the human rights. These include proposing legislative amendments to include corruption as an aggravating factor in criminal proceedings and human rights litigation, introducing ex-ante and ex-post human rights corruption impact assessments, improving the transparency and integrity of administrative decisions, limiting administrative procedures which are based on the exercise of discretion, and establishing accountability mechanisms within Moldova’s domestic framework.
Case research for this study has been carried out using publicly available data from relevant institutions, for the period 2017-2020.
Our findings demonstrate that corruption significantly depletes public resources, which in turn adversely impacts the enjoyment of all manner of rights outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In
assessing data on human rights violations, we found that the most frequently affected rights that share a causal relationship to corruption are the right to life, to legal representation and a fair trial, as well as to education, health, property, and social protection. Additionally, the most frequently identified victims are vulnerable and marginalized groups. We also identified that human rights violations may be driven by corruption on an individual basis, on a systemic level or a combination of the two.
Finally, this study proposes policy recommendations and interventions designed to limit the impact of corruption on the enjoyment of the human rights. These include proposing legislative amendments to include corruption as an aggravating factor in criminal proceedings and human rights litigation, introducing ex-ante and ex-post human rights corruption impact assessments, improving the transparency and integrity of administrative decisions, limiting administrative procedures which are based on the exercise of discretion, and establishing accountability mechanisms within Moldova’s domestic framework.
b) it reviews the involved parties’ actions, and c) it suggests a framework for a peaceable
resolution. Self-described as a geopolitical analysis, it contains a collection of narratives,
based on selected interviews and references styled in a publicist descriptive manner. The
paper lacks classical structural analysis of the problem with possible different
perceptions of the involved parties, does not have thourough discussions of the policy
alternatives and their comparative advantages based on some criteria and finally the set
of the recommended solutions on the process on the proposed substance. Per paragraph
topic sentences are presented in the last section for review.