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Scott Jacobs

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Papers by Scott Jacobs

The Second Generation of Regulatory Reforms

Paper delivered at the IMF conference on The Second …, 1999

Regulatory capacity review : East African community

Capacities to coordinate regulatory reform throughout the EAC Institutions and with Partner State... more Capacities to coordinate regulatory reform throughout the EAC Institutions and with Partner States 5.6 Regulatory quality principles in the EAC 5.7 Monitoring and enforcement 6. Conclusions: Prioritization of Initiatives to Improve Regulatory Reform Capacities in EAC Institutions 6.1 Recommendations for a basic package of reforms to build capacities for good regulatory practices 6.2 The pyramid of regulatory quality strategies for the EAC Annex 1: The potential economic benefits to the EAC of regulatory reform within a common market

1 REDUCING THE RISK OF POLICY FAILURE : CHALLENGES FOR REGULATORY COMPLIANCE Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

FOREWORD The work of the Public Management Committee (PUMA) on regulatory reform-built over ten y... more FOREWORD The work of the Public Management Committee (PUMA) on regulatory reform-built over ten years-has provided substantive input and other extensive support to the development, organisation, and policy direction of the regulatory reform programmes in OECD Member countries. PUMA's emphasis is on regulatory quality-combining both good regulation where needed to protect health, safety, and the environment, and to enhance the functioning of markets, and deregulation where free markets work better. The concept of quality regulation was the primary basis for policy recommendations that gained the support of all Member countries in the 1997 OECD Report to Ministers on Regulatory Reform. Regulatory reform is an innovative and fast-moving field. The PUMA work programme on regulation has focused on helping governments develop new capacities and identify best practices for improving the quality of their regulatory decisions. The intent is to establish a longer-term basis for efficient ...

Regulatory reform in Mexico

Improving the quality of legislation in Europe

Foreword T. Koopmans. List of Abbreviations. Introduction and Reflections A.E. Kellermann. Openin... more Foreword T. Koopmans. List of Abbreviations. Introduction and Reflections A.E. Kellermann. Opening Session: Introductory Address W. Sorgdrager. Introductory Address M. vanden Abeele. Introduction F.G. Jacobs. Introduction L.A. Geelhoed. Reports and Comments. I: The Quality of European and National Legislation. The Quality of Community Legislation: The Viewpoint of the Council Legal Service J.-C. Piris. How to Improve the Quality of Community Legislation: The Viewpoint of the European Commission C.W.A. Timmermans. The Main Elements of the General Policy on Legislative Quality: Dutch Experiences J.H. van Kreveld. The Quality of European and National Legislation: The German Experiences and Initiatives P.-C. Muller-Graff. II: Simplification of Existing Legislation. Deregulation of the Taxi Market: The Swedish Experience J.E. Ljusberg. Organising a Simplification Programme L. Palm. Simplification in Statistics: The Intrastat Case J. Heimann. Lightening of Administrative Formalities in Ta...

Regulatory Reform: Time for Action

I n a world that rewards flexibility, rapidity and responsiveness, government regulation can seem... more I n a world that rewards flexibility, rapidity and responsiveness, government regulation can seem increasingly out of step, even irrelevant at times in the face of everswifter economic, technological and social change. As a consequence, long-standing national regulatory institutions and regimes are becoming obsolete, and even harmful to national prosperity and government effectiveness. Regulations that block competition also depress capital and labour productivity, raise prices, restrict consumer choice, stifle the development and diffusion of new technologies, and slow adjustment to changing market conditions. Evidence suggests that large gaps in sectoral productivity between some OECD countries can be blamed Regulatory Reform: Time for Action

$Research paper thumbnail of 5hjxodwru\\5hiruppp Lqq,uhodqgg *ryhuqphqww&dsdflw\wrr$vvxuh+ljkk4xdolw\ 5hjxodwlrqq Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Executive Summary Background Report on Government Capacity to Assure High Quality Regulation$

5hjxodwru\\5hiruppp Lqq,uhodqgg *ryhuqphqww&dsdflw\wrr$vvxuh+ljkk4xdolw\ 5hjxodwlrqq Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Executive Summary Background Report on Government Capacity to Assure High Quality Regulation

Pursuant to Article 1 of the Convention signed in Paris on 14th December 1960, and which came int... more Pursuant to Article 1 of the Convention signed in Paris on 14th December 1960, and which came into force on 30th September 1961, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) shall promote policies designed: to achieve the highest sustainable economic growth and employment and a rising standard of living in Member countries, while maintaining financial stability, and thus to contribute to the development of the world economy; to contribute to sound economic expansion in Member as well as non-member countries in the process of economic development; and to contribute to the expansion of world trade on a multilateral, non-discriminatory basis in accordance with international obligations. Permission to reproduce a portion of this work for non-commercial purposes or classroom use should be obtained through the Centre français d'exploitation du droit de copie FOREWORD Regulatory reform has emerged as an important policy area in OECD and non-OECD countries. For regul...

Stakeholder management in business registration reforms : lessons from ten countries

All rights reserved June 2009 The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or tra... more All rights reserved June 2009 The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The World Bank Group encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly.

Effective and Sustainable Regulatory Reform: The Regulatory Guillotine in Three Transition and Developing Countries ©

Transparency thru better access to rules and RIA Routine consultation in day to day decisions Jud... more Transparency thru better access to rules and RIA Routine consultation in day to day decisions Judicial Review Monitoring of performance by stakeholders Oversight by ombudsman Public Administration Public Administration Source: Jacobs and Associates, 2005 © 23. This broad program of reform is not easy to accomplish. Reform usually falters, not because governments do not know what to do, but because they lack the skills and capacities to do it. While many countries have launched many regulatory reforms, most have difficulties in achieving solid results. These difficulties are mostly problems of design and implementation, including coordinating across government, involving stakeholders, prioritizing goals, focusing on bottlenecks, identifying practical solutions, implementing on schedule, and monitoring results. These challenges go to the entire governance process surrounding them, including coordination, content development and implementation. Governmental Committee Council of Ministers Governmental Committee Business Advisory Council Business Advisory Council Public Consultation Central Unit for Regulatory Reform Central Unit for Regulatory Reform RIA Legal controls by Ministry of Justice

The Role of Regulatory Impact Analysis in Improving the Legal Framework for Private Business in Serbia

Summary: Comprehensive, market-oriented legal reforms are essential to Serbia’s economic recovery... more Summary: Comprehensive, market-oriented legal reforms are essential to Serbia’s economic recovery. Although the pace of future Serbian economic growth depends primarily on private sector performance, the current legal environment is hostile to the investment and growth of private firms. One of the most important capacities of a market regulator is the ability to assess the market impacts of a regulation before it is adopted. Regulatory impact analysis (RIA) is a tool now used in most developed countries to improve understanding of the impacts of a law and other forms of regulation on business costs and opportunities. RIA is not yet used in Serbia. This article explains the importance of improving the legal business environment, notes significant barriers to private sector investment in current legal practices, and explains the concepts of regulatory impact analysis and its role in improving the quality of government decisions and the business environment. Supporting private sector dynamism through legal reform is an urgent agenda. Serbia has begun a profound transformation of its legal system to support the emergence of a dynamic private sector that will drive the country’s economic development. As part of the macroeconomic stabilization and structural adjustment policies already underway, legal reforms and business simplification, properly designed and implemented, can increase private investment (domestic and foreign), business start-ups, job creation, and incentives for efficiency among both private and state-owned enterprises. These effects should boost over-all productivity performance and potential long-term growth, and comprise a valuable tool in the national strategy for poverty reduction. Serbia’s entrepreneurial energies are among its greatest assets for economic recovery, and already contribute significantly to growth. The private sector, including the informal sector, by 2001 accounted for two thirds of GDP, although it employed less than 10% percent of capital. Formal SMEs employed about 610,000 workers in Serbia by end 2000, or about 44 percent of all formal employment. 1 A very large informal economy has emerged, accounting for perhaps one-third of GDP, and employing as many as one million workers. By all measures, the private sector is far more efficient and profitable than firms under state, mixed or social ownership. The pace of future Serbian economic growth will depend primarily on private sector performance, most likely based on domestic rather than foreign capital. Private sector growth is essential not only to create new wealth and to increase the standard of living in Serbia, but also to absorb resources shed from restructuring and privatizing of SOEs over the medium-term. Business failures and unemployment will increase as structural reform accelerates. Without a strategy to support private business startups, investment, and job creation,

Current Trends in the Process and Methods of Regulatory Impact Assessment: Mainstreaming RIA into Policy Processes

Regulatory Impact Assessment, 2007

Page 30. 2. Current trends in the process and methods of regulatory impact assessment: mainstream... more

Regulatory Impact Analysis: Integrating Pro-growth Decisions into Public Policy in Developing Countries

Business Regulation and Public Policy, 2008

Many countries today have placed regulatory reform programs at the core of their governance and m... more Many countries today have placed regulatory reform programs at the core of their governance and microeconomic strategies. Within those reforms, regulatory impact assessment (RIA) has become a prominent tool by which governments integrate benefits and costs of public policy into a balance that achieves, over time, the country’s development priorities. The spread of RIA into less-developed countries is largely due

Economic Effects of the 1999 Turkish Earthquakes

OECD Economics Department Working Papers, 2000

Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLI... more Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original format ECO/WKP(2000)20 2 ABSTRACT/RESUMÉ This Working Paper presents a cross-Directorate Report on the economic, budgetary, regulatory and urbanpolicy implications of the earthquakes which struck the Marmara and Bolu areas of Turkey on 17 August and 12 November 1999. The earthquakes caused high casualties and significant material damage to property, with severe effects on economic activity. The Report traces the factors underlying Turkey's vulnerability to earthquake damage, along a known active fault line, to deficiencies in risk identification procedures and risk-reduction methods, as well as to the absence of risk transfer and financing techniques. It suggests that these deficiencies may stem from the nature of recent Turkish economic development, which has been driven by the need to assimilate a mass migration from the countryside to the cities and has been associated with extremely high and variable inflation. Ensuring a more orderly future development requires both an overhaul of governance structures in Turkey, including better central-local coordination and urban planning procedures and more balanced macroeconomic policies, so as to introduce more effective public oversight and more appropriate private incentive structures. The earthquakes have given an extra impetus to the reform process needed to achieve both. While the defects in the housing stock cannot be quickly or easily corrected, the structural reforms set in train by the disaster, allied to the disinflation process underway in Turkey, should make for an economic environment that allows both for better future preparedness and a more orderly, earthquake-resistant pattern of urban development than has been apparent in the past two decades.

The Sudan's Islamization

Current History, 1985

Reducing Administrative Barriers to Investment: Lessons Learned

Reducing Administrative Barriers to Investment Lessons Learned 17 Occasional Paper ScottJacobs Ja... more

Economic Effects of the 1999 Turkish Earthquakes: An Interim Report

OECD Economics …, 2000

This Working Paper presents a cross-Directorate Report on the economic, budgetary, regulatory and... more

Effective and Sustainable Regulatory Reform: the Regulatory Guillotine In Three Transition and Developing Countries

Jacobs and Associates, Washington, DC, 2006

Jacobs and Associates · The International Trade Center, Suite 700 · 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW ... more

Regulatory Impact Assessment and the Economic Transition to Markets

Public Money & Management, 2004

Investors are becoming more selective in choosing their investment destinations. As a result, inv... more

The Second Generation of Regulatory Reforms

Paper delivered at the IMF conference on The Second …, 1999

Regulatory capacity review : East African community

Capacities to coordinate regulatory reform throughout the EAC Institutions and with Partner State... more Capacities to coordinate regulatory reform throughout the EAC Institutions and with Partner States 5.6 Regulatory quality principles in the EAC 5.7 Monitoring and enforcement 6. Conclusions: Prioritization of Initiatives to Improve Regulatory Reform Capacities in EAC Institutions 6.1 Recommendations for a basic package of reforms to build capacities for good regulatory practices 6.2 The pyramid of regulatory quality strategies for the EAC Annex 1: The potential economic benefits to the EAC of regulatory reform within a common market

1 REDUCING THE RISK OF POLICY FAILURE : CHALLENGES FOR REGULATORY COMPLIANCE Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

FOREWORD The work of the Public Management Committee (PUMA) on regulatory reform-built over ten y... more FOREWORD The work of the Public Management Committee (PUMA) on regulatory reform-built over ten years-has provided substantive input and other extensive support to the development, organisation, and policy direction of the regulatory reform programmes in OECD Member countries. PUMA's emphasis is on regulatory quality-combining both good regulation where needed to protect health, safety, and the environment, and to enhance the functioning of markets, and deregulation where free markets work better. The concept of quality regulation was the primary basis for policy recommendations that gained the support of all Member countries in the 1997 OECD Report to Ministers on Regulatory Reform. Regulatory reform is an innovative and fast-moving field. The PUMA work programme on regulation has focused on helping governments develop new capacities and identify best practices for improving the quality of their regulatory decisions. The intent is to establish a longer-term basis for efficient ...

Regulatory reform in Mexico

Improving the quality of legislation in Europe

Foreword T. Koopmans. List of Abbreviations. Introduction and Reflections A.E. Kellermann. Openin... more Foreword T. Koopmans. List of Abbreviations. Introduction and Reflections A.E. Kellermann. Opening Session: Introductory Address W. Sorgdrager. Introductory Address M. vanden Abeele. Introduction F.G. Jacobs. Introduction L.A. Geelhoed. Reports and Comments. I: The Quality of European and National Legislation. The Quality of Community Legislation: The Viewpoint of the Council Legal Service J.-C. Piris. How to Improve the Quality of Community Legislation: The Viewpoint of the European Commission C.W.A. Timmermans. The Main Elements of the General Policy on Legislative Quality: Dutch Experiences J.H. van Kreveld. The Quality of European and National Legislation: The German Experiences and Initiatives P.-C. Muller-Graff. II: Simplification of Existing Legislation. Deregulation of the Taxi Market: The Swedish Experience J.E. Ljusberg. Organising a Simplification Programme L. Palm. Simplification in Statistics: The Intrastat Case J. Heimann. Lightening of Administrative Formalities in Ta...

Regulatory Reform: Time for Action

I n a world that rewards flexibility, rapidity and responsiveness, government regulation can seem... more I n a world that rewards flexibility, rapidity and responsiveness, government regulation can seem increasingly out of step, even irrelevant at times in the face of everswifter economic, technological and social change. As a consequence, long-standing national regulatory institutions and regimes are becoming obsolete, and even harmful to national prosperity and government effectiveness. Regulations that block competition also depress capital and labour productivity, raise prices, restrict consumer choice, stifle the development and diffusion of new technologies, and slow adjustment to changing market conditions. Evidence suggests that large gaps in sectoral productivity between some OECD countries can be blamed Regulatory Reform: Time for Action

$Research paper thumbnail of 5hjxodwru\\5hiruppp Lqq,uhodqgg *ryhuqphqww&dsdflw\wrr$vvxuh+ljkk4xdolw\ 5hjxodwlrqq Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Executive Summary Background Report on Government Capacity to Assure High Quality Regulation$

5hjxodwru\\5hiruppp Lqq,uhodqgg *ryhuqphqww&dsdflw\wrr$vvxuh+ljkk4xdolw\ 5hjxodwlrqq Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Executive Summary Background Report on Government Capacity to Assure High Quality Regulation

Pursuant to Article 1 of the Convention signed in Paris on 14th December 1960, and which came int... more Pursuant to Article 1 of the Convention signed in Paris on 14th December 1960, and which came into force on 30th September 1961, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) shall promote policies designed: to achieve the highest sustainable economic growth and employment and a rising standard of living in Member countries, while maintaining financial stability, and thus to contribute to the development of the world economy; to contribute to sound economic expansion in Member as well as non-member countries in the process of economic development; and to contribute to the expansion of world trade on a multilateral, non-discriminatory basis in accordance with international obligations. Permission to reproduce a portion of this work for non-commercial purposes or classroom use should be obtained through the Centre français d'exploitation du droit de copie FOREWORD Regulatory reform has emerged as an important policy area in OECD and non-OECD countries. For regul...

Stakeholder management in business registration reforms : lessons from ten countries

All rights reserved June 2009 The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or tra... more All rights reserved June 2009 The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The World Bank Group encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly.

Effective and Sustainable Regulatory Reform: The Regulatory Guillotine in Three Transition and Developing Countries ©

Transparency thru better access to rules and RIA Routine consultation in day to day decisions Jud... more Transparency thru better access to rules and RIA Routine consultation in day to day decisions Judicial Review Monitoring of performance by stakeholders Oversight by ombudsman Public Administration Public Administration Source: Jacobs and Associates, 2005 © 23. This broad program of reform is not easy to accomplish. Reform usually falters, not because governments do not know what to do, but because they lack the skills and capacities to do it. While many countries have launched many regulatory reforms, most have difficulties in achieving solid results. These difficulties are mostly problems of design and implementation, including coordinating across government, involving stakeholders, prioritizing goals, focusing on bottlenecks, identifying practical solutions, implementing on schedule, and monitoring results. These challenges go to the entire governance process surrounding them, including coordination, content development and implementation. Governmental Committee Council of Ministers Governmental Committee Business Advisory Council Business Advisory Council Public Consultation Central Unit for Regulatory Reform Central Unit for Regulatory Reform RIA Legal controls by Ministry of Justice

The Role of Regulatory Impact Analysis in Improving the Legal Framework for Private Business in Serbia

Summary: Comprehensive, market-oriented legal reforms are essential to Serbia’s economic recovery... more Summary: Comprehensive, market-oriented legal reforms are essential to Serbia’s economic recovery. Although the pace of future Serbian economic growth depends primarily on private sector performance, the current legal environment is hostile to the investment and growth of private firms. One of the most important capacities of a market regulator is the ability to assess the market impacts of a regulation before it is adopted. Regulatory impact analysis (RIA) is a tool now used in most developed countries to improve understanding of the impacts of a law and other forms of regulation on business costs and opportunities. RIA is not yet used in Serbia. This article explains the importance of improving the legal business environment, notes significant barriers to private sector investment in current legal practices, and explains the concepts of regulatory impact analysis and its role in improving the quality of government decisions and the business environment. Supporting private sector dynamism through legal reform is an urgent agenda. Serbia has begun a profound transformation of its legal system to support the emergence of a dynamic private sector that will drive the country’s economic development. As part of the macroeconomic stabilization and structural adjustment policies already underway, legal reforms and business simplification, properly designed and implemented, can increase private investment (domestic and foreign), business start-ups, job creation, and incentives for efficiency among both private and state-owned enterprises. These effects should boost over-all productivity performance and potential long-term growth, and comprise a valuable tool in the national strategy for poverty reduction. Serbia’s entrepreneurial energies are among its greatest assets for economic recovery, and already contribute significantly to growth. The private sector, including the informal sector, by 2001 accounted for two thirds of GDP, although it employed less than 10% percent of capital. Formal SMEs employed about 610,000 workers in Serbia by end 2000, or about 44 percent of all formal employment. 1 A very large informal economy has emerged, accounting for perhaps one-third of GDP, and employing as many as one million workers. By all measures, the private sector is far more efficient and profitable than firms under state, mixed or social ownership. The pace of future Serbian economic growth will depend primarily on private sector performance, most likely based on domestic rather than foreign capital. Private sector growth is essential not only to create new wealth and to increase the standard of living in Serbia, but also to absorb resources shed from restructuring and privatizing of SOEs over the medium-term. Business failures and unemployment will increase as structural reform accelerates. Without a strategy to support private business startups, investment, and job creation,

Current Trends in the Process and Methods of Regulatory Impact Assessment: Mainstreaming RIA into Policy Processes

Regulatory Impact Assessment, 2007

Page 30. 2. Current trends in the process and methods of regulatory impact assessment: mainstream... more

Regulatory Impact Analysis: Integrating Pro-growth Decisions into Public Policy in Developing Countries

Business Regulation and Public Policy, 2008

Many countries today have placed regulatory reform programs at the core of their governance and m... more Many countries today have placed regulatory reform programs at the core of their governance and microeconomic strategies. Within those reforms, regulatory impact assessment (RIA) has become a prominent tool by which governments integrate benefits and costs of public policy into a balance that achieves, over time, the country’s development priorities. The spread of RIA into less-developed countries is largely due

Economic Effects of the 1999 Turkish Earthquakes

OECD Economics Department Working Papers, 2000

Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLI... more Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original format ECO/WKP(2000)20 2 ABSTRACT/RESUMÉ This Working Paper presents a cross-Directorate Report on the economic, budgetary, regulatory and urbanpolicy implications of the earthquakes which struck the Marmara and Bolu areas of Turkey on 17 August and 12 November 1999. The earthquakes caused high casualties and significant material damage to property, with severe effects on economic activity. The Report traces the factors underlying Turkey's vulnerability to earthquake damage, along a known active fault line, to deficiencies in risk identification procedures and risk-reduction methods, as well as to the absence of risk transfer and financing techniques. It suggests that these deficiencies may stem from the nature of recent Turkish economic development, which has been driven by the need to assimilate a mass migration from the countryside to the cities and has been associated with extremely high and variable inflation. Ensuring a more orderly future development requires both an overhaul of governance structures in Turkey, including better central-local coordination and urban planning procedures and more balanced macroeconomic policies, so as to introduce more effective public oversight and more appropriate private incentive structures. The earthquakes have given an extra impetus to the reform process needed to achieve both. While the defects in the housing stock cannot be quickly or easily corrected, the structural reforms set in train by the disaster, allied to the disinflation process underway in Turkey, should make for an economic environment that allows both for better future preparedness and a more orderly, earthquake-resistant pattern of urban development than has been apparent in the past two decades.

The Sudan's Islamization

Current History, 1985

Reducing Administrative Barriers to Investment: Lessons Learned

Reducing Administrative Barriers to Investment Lessons Learned 17 Occasional Paper ScottJacobs Ja... more

Economic Effects of the 1999 Turkish Earthquakes: An Interim Report

OECD Economics …, 2000

This Working Paper presents a cross-Directorate Report on the economic, budgetary, regulatory and... more

Effective and Sustainable Regulatory Reform: the Regulatory Guillotine In Three Transition and Developing Countries

Jacobs and Associates, Washington, DC, 2006

Jacobs and Associates · The International Trade Center, Suite 700 · 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW ... more

Regulatory Impact Assessment and the Economic Transition to Markets

Public Money & Management, 2004

Investors are becoming more selective in choosing their investment destinations. As a result, inv... more