Papers by Muthanna Al-Omar
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Nov 1, 2000
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Dec 1, 1986
The organochlorine insecticides (OC) bave been extensively used in Iraq over the past 25 years in... more The organochlorine insecticides (OC) bave been extensively used in Iraq over the past 25 years in malaria control program and different agricultural practices, before they were banned in 1976. A National Pesticide Monitoring Program was initiated by the Biological Research Centre/Baghdad in 1981 to determine the residue levels of these persistent compounds in the environment and biota in this country. Published works of this program indicated their presence in different food items (Al-Omar et al 1985 a & b) as well as in human milk (Al-Omar et al 1985 c).
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Sep 1, 1987
Chlordane is a widely used soil insecticide, particularly useful in the protection of wooden stru... more Chlordane is a widely used soil insecticide, particularly useful in the protection of wooden structures from termite damage (Beeman and Matsumura 1981). This chlorinated hydrocarbon compound is highly persistent in the environment, thus its use has been restricted in 1976 by the Environmental Protection Agency because of its long persistance and suspected cracinogenicity (EPA 1976).
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Nov 1, 2004
Water Air and Soil Pollution, 1987
Hydrogen sulfide, NH3 and CH4 are pollutant gases known to be generated from the fermentation of ... more Hydrogen sulfide, NH3 and CH4 are pollutant gases known to be generated from the fermentation of organic matter in solid waste. This work was conducted in a completed sanitary landfill in Baghdad to investigate the possible effect of gases generated and emitted from this landfill on the ambient air quality of the area. Pollutant gases were monitored twice a week for a 14 mo period using continuous monitoring type instruments. Results indicate that concentrations of H2S, NH3, and CH4 occasionally reach relatively high levels. The air quality of the area is not substantially deteriorated.
Water Air and Soil Pollution, Mar 1, 1989
As a continuation of the National Pesticide Monitoring Program in Iraq, this work was carried out... more As a continuation of the National Pesticide Monitoring Program in Iraq, this work was carried out to study the distribution of organochlorine insecticide residues in sediments and water from the lower part of Diyala river, Iraq, where a large sewage treatment plant is located. Sediment and water samples were analyzed by gas chromatography and found to contain different levels of lindane, aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, chlordane and isomers and metabolites of DDT. High levels of these compounds were detected in water samples taken in April. No corelation with time was noticed in sediment samples. The highest and most frequet values were those of chlordane and DDT in sediment and water samples. It was difficult to assess the effect of the sewage treatment plant on water pollution with organochlorine residues.
The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2001
This study aims to throw light on the harmful effect of kerosene combustion on the respiratory sy... more This study aims to throw light on the harmful effect of kerosene combustion on the respiratory system in mice. Experimental animals were exposed to combustion gases of kerosene for 2, 4 and 6 hours/day for 5 days a week. Exposure was lasted for 8 consecutive weeks. Histopathological changes were examined in trachea and lung tissues. Results showed different stages of tissue damages were emphysema was the most severe. Filtration of lymphocytes was also remarkable accompanied by increase in alveolar macrophages. There was evident and direst correlation between exposure time and the severity of effects.
The Online Journal of Science and Technology, 2012
Water resources components in Abu Dhabi encompass the conventional sources (rain, springs, ponds ... more Water resources components in Abu Dhabi encompass the conventional sources (rain, springs, ponds and groundwater), and unconventional sources (desalinated water and reclaimed wastewater). The latter represent the most important resources for the time being, since ground water is brackish or salty and the annual rainfall is very low in Abu Dhabi Emirate. Thus conventional water resources are considered under sever depletion and exceeded their natural recharging capacity by 24 times. Per capita water consumption is considerably high, since the average daily domestic consumption in Abu Dhabi Emirate is estimated as 350 liters per person but it is intended to be slashed by 200 liters per day in the next few years, as proposed by the Environmental Authority. This should be accompanied by intensive awareness program. This article is aiming at discussing water resources components in Abu Dhabi and their Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) Plan.
Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 2012
Power requirements in the city of Al Mirfa in western Abu Dhabi are covered by the Al Mirfa Power... more Power requirements in the city of Al Mirfa in western Abu Dhabi are covered by the Al Mirfa Power and Distillation Plant. Comprehensive emission inventories for 2007-2008 were used to execute an ENVIMAN (OPSIS AB Company, Sweden) Gaussian dispersion model to predict ambient ground level concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NO x), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM 10) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2) at selected receptors considering all emission sources located in the area. Two years of meteorological data was used in conjunction with the dispersion model to compute NO x and SO 2 levels in and around the power plant. To validate the model, computed results were compared with the average values measured at a fixed Air Quality Station in Al Mirfa city. The highest hourly, daily and annual ground level concentrations under exiting meteorological conditions were then analyzed. The computed results for the study area revealed that daily, hourly and annual concentration values did not exceed the Federal Environment Agency (FEA) standard, and the contribution of plant emissions to the ground levels pollutants in the surrounded area range from 3.1 to 109 μg/m 3 for NO 2 , and 1.1 to 41.4 μg/m 3 for CO. This study can be considered a baseline study for any future expansion in the plant. Based on these results, mitigation strategies are not required.
Journal of Environmental Protection, 2012
From 2007-2009, National Energy and Water Research Center (NEWRC) on behalf of Abu Dhabi Water an... more From 2007-2009, National Energy and Water Research Center (NEWRC) on behalf of Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority (ADWEA) conducted a long term baseline study of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), ozone (O 3) and particulate matter <10 μm in diameter (PM 10) using ambient air quality station located in the vicinity of Al Mirfa power plant in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE). The objective of this study was to establish baseline levels and study the behavior of airborne pollutants from natural as well as anthropogenic origins with temporal variations. The study reveals that the average hourly values for NO 2 , SO 2 , and 8 hour average of CO were within the acceptable levels of 400, 300 and 30,000 µg/m 3 respectively, whereas the levels of O 3 as 8 hour average (<200 μg/Nm 3) and PM10 (<150 μg/Nm 3) occasionally exceeded the FEA permissible limits during the study period. Seasonal variation based on three years data reveals that the highest concentration of NO 2 and SO 2 were during winter and for CO and O 3 during summer months. Results indicate that the levels of SO 2 and CO were significantly controlled and improved while the fuel combustion of Al Mirfa power plant had increased from 2007 to 2009. Dust has significantly impact on the air quality by elevated levels of PM 10 exceed in several instances associated with regional sandstorm during the monitoring period.
Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological, 1986
Contamination of human milk with residues of organochlorine insecticides represents a major envir... more Contamination of human milk with residues of organochlorine insecticides represents a major environmental problem. Four mothers were the subjects of a 5-month follow-up study of the weekly variations in the levels of these pollutants in their milk. Residues detected and confirmed were those of y-HCH, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, chlordane, aldrin, dieldrin and isomers and metabolites of DDT. Fluctuation in the residue levels was obvious due to variations in the daily dietary intake of residues and variations in fat content of maternal milk.
Toxicology Letters, 2000
Chlordane, is one of many environmental pollutants that reach human or animal body through food a... more Chlordane, is one of many environmental pollutants that reach human or animal body through food and water consumption, its presence may frequently be associated with other metals such as lead. In this work, the toxicity of chlordane and lead to reproductive tissues in Swiss mice was studied. Oral daily doses of 75 and 275 mg/kg b.w. were administered to male mice, for 35 days, animals were sacrificed at the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th week. The results show that chloradane had a damaging effect on testicular tissues, the effect was obvious through reduction in diameter of the seminiferous tubules, number of spermatogonia, and primary and secondary spermatocytes and spermatids. The effect was remarkably increased by the presence of lead, which needs more investigation in order to determine whether it's a synergistic or additive effect.
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 1989
As a continuation of the National Pesticide Monitoring Program in Iraq, this work was carried out... more As a continuation of the National Pesticide Monitoring Program in Iraq, this work was carried out to study the distribution of organochlorine insecticide residues in sediments and water from the lower part of Diyala river, Iraq, where a large sewage treatment plant is located. Sediment and water samples were analyzed by gas chromatography and found to contain different levels of lindane, aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, chlordane and isomers and metabolites of DDT. High levels of these compounds were detected in water samples taken in April. No corelation with time was noticed in sediment samples. The highest and most frequet values were those of chlordane and DDT in sediment and water samples. It was difficult to assess the effect of the sewage treatment plant on water pollution with organochlorine residues.
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 1987
Hydrogen sulfide, NH3 and CH4 are pollutant gases known to be generated from the fermentation of ... more Hydrogen sulfide, NH3 and CH4 are pollutant gases known to be generated from the fermentation of organic matter in solid waste. This work was conducted in a completed sanitary landfill in Baghdad to investigate the possible effect of gases generated and emitted from this landfill on the ambient air quality of the area. Pollutant gases were monitored twice a week for a 14 mo period using continuous monitoring type instruments. Results indicate that concentrations of H2S, NH3, and CH4 occasionally reach relatively high levels. The air quality of the area is not substantially deteriorated.
Journal of Food Safety, 1984
Phosphinegas (PH3) is a widely used fumigant for stored fruits and grains. Previous studies indic... more Phosphinegas (PH3) is a widely used fumigant for stored fruits and grains. Previous studies indicated that all residues of this gas are eliminated by normal aeration but the exact time has never been determined. The objective of this work was to determine the time required for desorption ofphosphine from fumigated dates relative to aeration time and temperature. Flame photometric detection by gas chromatography was used for the detection of sorbed phosphine. Results indicate that the initial residue level of PH3 falls rapidly within 24 h after fumigation but residues persist for at least nine days. Higher residue levels were found i n dates stored at low temperatures (4°C) than at 28°C. It is recommend that fumigated dates be marketed after longer periods of aeration, especially those aerated at temperatures of 4°C or less.
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2000
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2004
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1985
The new trends in both agricultural practice and public health programs were shifted to non-persi... more The new trends in both agricultural practice and public health programs were shifted to non-persistent pesticides, yet the environmental pollution with persistent chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides still recieve a major concern due to the presence of their residues in the environment and human body(Klein 1976).Most investigations in the field of biological monitoring of human body burden of persistent lipophilic pollutents are
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1985
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1987
Chlordane is a widely used soil insecticide, particularly useful in the protection of wooden stru... more Chlordane is a widely used soil insecticide, particularly useful in the protection of wooden structures from termite damage (Beeman and Matsumura 1981). This chlorinated hydrocarbon compound is highly persistent in the environment, thus its use has been restricted in 1976 by the Environmental Protection Agency because of its long persistance and suspected cracinogenicity (EPA 1976).
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Papers by Muthanna Al-Omar