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M. Ghorab

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Evgueniy Entchev

Peter Tzscheutschler

Università degli Studi di Trieste

Università degli Studi di Trieste

fatima harkouss

David Morillon Galvez

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Università degli Studi di Padova

Bahria University, karachi-pakistan

University College London

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Papers by M. Ghorab

Dynamic simulations of hybrid energy systems in load sharing application

Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015

The paper analyzes the energy, environmental and economic performance of two hybrid microcogenera... more The paper analyzes the energy, environmental and economic performance of two hybrid microcogeneration systems in a load sharing application among residential and office buildings under Napoli (South Italy) weather conditions. The load sharing approach is investigated using dynamic simulations in comparison to a base case with separate conventional systems. Once the advantage of load sharing approach was demonstrated, the performance of two different hybrid systems in load sharing scenario were analyzed. The first one consists of a ground source heat pump (GSHP) and a fuel cell (FC); while the second one is based on a GSHP and a photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system. The performance of these two systems were also compared to a stand-alone GSHP system in order to analyze the advantages of hybrid systems to a single GSHP system. The energy analysis results show that in a load sharing case while using conventional technologies the primary energy savings are equal to 2.1% with respect to the reference case. The introduction of hybrid microcogeneration systems in load sharing application led to primary energy saving with respect to the reference case of 12.8% for the GSHP-FC system and 53.1% for the GSHP-PVT system. The environmental analysis shows a reduction of CO 2 equivalent emissions equal to 15.8% and 52.0% for GSHP-FC and GSHP-PVT respectively. The better energy and environmental performance of GSHP-PVT system is due to the introduction of a significant amount of renewable energy source. The economic analysis focusses on operational cost and Simple Pay Back (SPB) index of the different cases and it is also based on an accurate study of the natural gas and electricity tariffs in Italy. This analysis highlights the advantages of the load sharing approach, because in some cases it allows the reduction of both the investment cost and the operational cost. The economic analysis for the two hybrid systems shows an operational costs reduction equal to 28.0% for GSHP-FC and 56.4% for GSHP-PVT in comparison to the reference case. In presence of economic support mechanisms, the SPB could also reach interesting values, either for the energy efficiency or for the introduction of systems based on renewable energy source.

Anticancer evaluation of novel quinazolines carrying a biologically active pyrimidine

A novel series of quinazolines incorporating a biologically active 4, 6-dimethylpyrimidine, 1, 2,... more A novel series of quinazolines incorporating a biologically active 4, 6-dimethylpyrimidine, 1, 2, 4-triazine, benzo[d][1,3]dioxol, morpholinophenyl, quinoline, sulfonamide and thioureamoieties9-14, 15,16,19, 20 and 2-hydrazinylquinazoline derivative 22were designed and synthesized using methyl 2-isothiocyanato derivative2 as strategic starting material. The structure of the newlysynthesized compounds was confirmed by elemental analyses and spectral data. All the prepared compounds were evaluated for their invitro anticancer activity against breast cancer cell lines. It was found that quinazoline carrying free amino group at 3-position with sulfa-phenazolegroup at 2-position20 and thioureido derivative bearing sulfa-phenazole16 with IC50values (2.64 and 4.60 µg/mL) showed better activity thandoxorubicin as positive control. In addition compounds 14, 12 and 15 are nearly as active as doxorubicin as reference drug, while compounds 9, 13, 11 and 19 exhibited a moderate activity. On the ...

Brinzolamide loaded-polymeric nanoparticles 4388

The objective of the present study was to investigate the ability to formulate brinzolamide in th... more The objective of the present study was to investigate the ability to formulate brinzolamide in the form of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles. In this study brinzolamide-loaded nanoparticles were formulated according to the emulsification/solvent evaporation technique using the biodegradable PLGA. The effect of surfactant type and its percentage in the preparation were investigated. The investigated PLGA polymer with lactide: glycolide monomers ratio of 75:25 was able to develop PLGA vesicular system using the investigated surfactants. Brinzolamide-loaded nanoparticles prepared using PLGA with Pluronic acid F68 in the aqueous phase and 1 % Brij 97 in the organic phase showed the smallest particle size value (441.80 ± 72.97 nm). Brinzolamide-loaded nanoparticles prepared using PLGA with Pluronic acid F68 in aqueous phase and 2 % polysorbate 80 in organic phase had the largest encapsulation efficiency and drug loading values (47.86 ± 0.97 % and 38.76 %, respectively).

Assessment of Renewable Technologies Applications for NetZero Communities

The paper presents the results from performance simulations of three hybrid microgeneration renew... more The paper presents the results from performance simulations of three hybrid microgeneration renewable systems in load sharing between residential and commercial buildings set up. The objective is to investigate the impact of these highly efficient systems on buildings' energy use and emissions, load levelling and operational and regulatory issues. Typical residential and office buildings in Canada and Korea representing the latest advances in building industry of both countries have been chosen for the modeling and simulation purposes. The buildings electric and thermal load profiles were derived from actual field performance data, analysed and generated as stochastic time series. A library of such profiles representing the daily, seasonal and yearly performance of the buildings has been created. Daily and seasonal load sharing strategies between the residential and office buildings have been developed and simulated. GSHP, hybrid FC-GSHP and PVT-GSHP microgeneration systems are ...

Page 1 Brinzolamide loaded-polymeric nanoparticles

The objective of the present study was to investigate the ability to formulate brinzolamide in th... more The objective of the present study was to investigate the ability to formulate brinzolamide in the form of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles. In this study brinzolamide-loaded nanoparticles were formulated according to the emulsification/solvent evaporation technique using the biodegradable PLGA. The effect of surfactant type and its percentage in the preparation were investigated. The investigated PLGA polymer with lactide: glycolide monomers ratio of 75:25 was able to develop PLGA vesicular system using the investigated surfactants. Brinzolamide-loaded nanoparticles prepared using PLGA with Pluronic acid F68 in the aqueous phase and 1 % Brij 97 in the organic phase showed the smallest particle size value (441.80 ± 72.97 nm). Brinzolamide-loaded nanoparticles prepared using PLGA with Pluronic acid F68 in aqueous phase and 2 % polysorbate 80 in organic phase had the largest encapsulation efficiency and drug loading values (47.86 ± 0.97 % and 38.76 %, respectively).

Formulation and In-vitro-evaluation of Isotretinoin Tablets

Journal of chemical and pharmaceutical research, 2012

Isotretinoin (13-cis-Retinoic acid) is a poor water soluble drug, commonly used in the treatment ... more Isotretinoin (13-cis-Retinoic acid) is a poor water soluble drug, commonly used in the treatment of severe cases of acne. The aim of this project is to formulate isotretinoin in form of tablet and enhance its solubility and dissolution rate; by the use of formulations containing either surfactant (SLS and Tween20) or HP-β-CD. The critical micelle concentration for each surfactant was determined. Surfactant enriched tablets were prepared by physical mixture and co-precipitation method. Binary system of the drug with HP-β-CD was prepared using different ratios and techniques. The freeze drying technique gave the best drug-HP-β-CD complexation. The in-vitro dissolution study for the prepared mixtures and the prepared tablets was performed. Binary system of molecular ratio 1: 5 of the drug to HP-β-CD gave the highest solubility and dissolution rate for isotretinoin in comparison with other formulae. Therefore, it could be concluded from the study that, incorporation of surfactant and HP...

Reservoir Evaluation of Abu Roash Formation by Using Well Log Data at East of Beni-Zouf Area, Egypt

The new concept for oil exploration in Egypt in the last few years is to go to the Upper Egypt, w... more The new concept for oil exploration in Egypt in the last few years is to go to the Upper Egypt, where it is considered as a promising area .The area of study is located to the east of Beni- souf,Egypt where six wells are located(EBS-7X ,EBS-8X, EBS-6X, EBS-4X, EBS-3X,and EBS-2X). Abu Roash Formation is considered as target for oil exploration and production, especially the Abu Roash (G) Member at Western Desert of Egypt. The available open-hole well log data used in the analysis of Abu Roash Formation are in the form of resistivity logs (deep and shallow), porosity tools (sonic, density and neutron) and the gamma-ray log to determine the petrophysical parameters. The petrophysical parameters (total porosity, effective porosity, shale volume, and hydrocarbon and movable hydrocarbon saturations) are represented in the form of iso-parametric maps. This analysis of the considered studied rock unit in the area of study illustrates that, the reservoir quality increases toward the western ...

Formulation and evaluation of cubosomes drug delivery system for treatment of glaucoma: Ex-vivo permeation and in-vivo pharmacodynamic study

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2019

Glaucoma, a chronic disease of elevated intraocular pressure, is considered as the first leading ... more Glaucoma, a chronic disease of elevated intraocular pressure, is considered as the first leading cause of blindness. Brimonidine tartrate (BRT), a hydrophilic drug with poor ocular bioavailability, is a glaucoma treatment that is used three times daily. The frequent administration of BRT hinders patient adherence to treatment. The aim of this work is to improve BRT ocular bioavailability and prolong its intraocular pressure lowering effect by the preparation of BRT loaded cubosomes. Cubosomal formulations were prepared according to a d-optimal design. The selected variables were the percent of the dispersed phase, the ratio of glyceryl monooleate to poloxamer 407, the type of surfactant and the surfactant concentration. The prepared formulations were characterized for their drug content, particle size, PDI, zeta potential and in-vitro release. The optimized formulation had a size of 157.2±4.2nm, PDI 0.22±0.03, a zeta potential of-30.2±0.6mv and showed a sustained release pattern over 24 hours. Micrographs of the transmission electron microscope confirmed the cubic nanostructure of the optimized formulation. Ex-vivo corneal permeation showed 1.6 folds enhanced permeability compared to Alphagan ® P. The in-vivo pharmacodynamic study showed a 4.6 folds increase in AUC 0-24h and 9.1 folds increase in the mean residence time compared to the market product Alphagan ® P.

Buccoadhesive gel of carvedilol nanoparticles for enhanced dissolution and bioavailability

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2018

2.2. Methods 2.2.1. Drug-excipient compatibility study 2.2.1.1. Differential scanning calorimetry... more 2.2. Methods 2.2.1. Drug-excipient compatibility study 2.2.1.1. Differential scanning calorimetry studies. The physical compatibilities of carvedilol with polymers were studied using the differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC-60, Shimadzu, Japan). Carvedilol and physical mixtures samples in a ratio of 1: 1 were sealed in the standard aluminum pan separately and scanned between 40°C and 430°C under nitrogen atmosphere of flow rate 100 mL/min with a heating rate of 20°C/min. 2.2.1.2. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy analysis. Chemical compatibilities of carvedilol with polymers used in the preparation

Estimation of the suitable water saturation model of Bahariya Formation in Sidi Barani Area, Nnorth Western Desert of Egypt by using well logs analysis

International Journal of Academic Research, 2013

Diclofenac-induced Gastric Ulceration in Rats: Protective Roles of Pantoprazole and Misoprostol

British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2016

Gastrointestinal damage caused by diclofenac remains a significant clinical problem. Pantoprazole... more Gastrointestinal damage caused by diclofenac remains a significant clinical problem. Pantoprazole provides potent and long-lasting inhibition of gastric acid secretion and has proven efficacy in healing diclofenac-associated ulcers, including those with continued exposure to diclofenac. The objective of this study was to prepare and evaluate microbeads of diclofenac sodium coated with sodium alginate and Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) in order to obtain controlled release drug delivery system. The ulcerogenic activity and histopathological effects of the prepared formulation were compared with a marked formula containing the drug with misoprostol which orally administered to male Wistar rats. Ionotropic gelation technique was the technique of choice to encapsulate the drug. IR spectral analysis indicated no interaction between the drug and polymers used. Microbeads which showed a significant reduction in the release of diclofenac at acidic pH of Original Research Article El-Deen et al.; BJPR, 11(3): 1-12, 2016; Article no.BJPR.24636 2 the stomach as well as maximal release at alkaline pH of the intestine were selected to conduct further in vivo evaluation. The beads were administered to rats in combination with pantoprazole. The obtained ulcer index as well as the histopathological effects of the proposed formulations was compared to marketed formula containing the drug combined with misoprostol. The obtained in vivo results indicate that administration of pantoprazole and diclofenac microbeads has shown efficacy in reducing the risk of GIT ulcerations compared with administration of misoprostol and diclofenac or diclofenac separately.

Simulation of a Multi-Stage Cooling Scheme for Gas Turbine Engines: Part I

Volume 4: Turbo Expo 2007, Parts A and B, 2007

This paper presents heat transfer characteristics for a Multi-Stage Cooling Scheme (MSCS) design ... more This paper presents heat transfer characteristics for a Multi-Stage Cooling Scheme (MSCS) design applicable to high temperature gas turbine engines in aerospace and electric power generation. The film cooling and impingement techniques are considered concurrently throughout this study. The proposed design involves passing cooling air from the inside of the turbine blade to the outside through three designed stages. The coolant air is passed through a circular hole into an internal gap creating an impingement of air inside the blade. It then exits through a sequence of two differently shaped holes onto the blade’s external surface. The film cooling effectiveness is enhanced by increasing the internal gap height and offset distance. This effect is significantly diminished however by changing the inclination angle from 90° to 30° at large gap height. The coolant momentum became more uniform by creating the internal gap consequently the coolant air is spread closer to the external blade...

Inclusion complexation of furosemide in cyclodextrins. Part 2: Implication on bioavailability

Die Pharmazie, 1999

The effect of inclusion complexation of furosemide in cyclodextrins (CyD) on the bioavailability ... more The effect of inclusion complexation of furosemide in cyclodextrins (CyD) on the bioavailability of the drug was studied on normal human volunteers. The excretion rate of the drug was determined by HPLC for a period of 24 h. post dosing. Several pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and statistically analyzed. viz., peak excretion rate, peak excretion time, half peak time, elimination rate constant, area under the excretion rate time-curve as well as the total amount of drug excreted. The obtained results show that on administration of furosemide in the form of an inclusion complex in CyDs particularly beta-CyD or its dimethyl derivative may improve its biological performance, taking into consideration that furosemide is characterized by a rapid onset and a short duration of action. Inclusion complexation of furosemide in CyDs leads to a more or less delay in its onset of action, a significant increase in its duration of action as well as significant augmentation in its overall...

Interaction of oral anticoagulants with methyl xanthines

Die Pharmazie, 1997

The interaction of warfarin and dicumarol with methyl xanthines was monitored. The results reveal... more The interaction of warfarin and dicumarol with methyl xanthines was monitored. The results revealed formation of equimolar complexes with both caffeine and theophylline. The interaction is exothermic and complexation is thermodynamically unfavourable. The apparent solubility of dicumarol in water was found to increase linearly with increasing methyl xanthine concentration. The dissolution rate of the prepared complexes is higher than that of their respective physical mixtures or the respective drug per se. The implication of such interaction on the biological performance of the two anticoagulants was assessed in Albino rabbits. The results indicate that incorporation of dicumarol in form of a complex or even as a physical mixture with methyl xanthines does affect the biological performance of the drug to a marked extent.

Improvement of the biological performance of oral anticoagulant drugs. 1. Warfarin

Die Pharmazie, 1997

Coevaporates of warfarin sodium containing different weight fractions of polyvinylpyrrolidone (Ko... more Coevaporates of warfarin sodium containing different weight fractions of polyvinylpyrrolidone (Kollidon s5 and 30) polymers of different molecular weights were prepared and their characterization, dissolution properties as well as their bioavailability in rabbits were assessed. UV and IR spectrophotometery revealed a sort of binding between the drug and polymers. Optimum binding tendency appears at polymer weight fractions of 0.7 and 0.5 for Kollidon 25 and Kollidon 30, respectively. Incorporation of the drug with PVP enhances its dissolution properties and improves its bioavailability. Of all the investigated warfarin/PVP systems, the coevaporate of warfarin with an equal weight fraction of Kollidon 30 was found to exhibit optimum biological properties beside highest dissolution rate.

Identifying Common User Behaviour in Multilingual Search Logs

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2010

The LADS (Log Analysis for Digital Societies) task at CLEF aims at investigating user actions in ... more The LADS (Log Analysis for Digital Societies) task at CLEF aims at investigating user actions in a multilingual setting. We carried out an analysis of search logs with the objectives of investigating how users from different linguistic or cultural backgrounds behave in search, and how the discovery of patterns in user actions could be used for community identification. The findings confirm that users from a different background behave differently, and that there are identifiable patterns in the user actions. The findings suggest that there is scope for further investigation of how search logs can be exploited to personalise and improve cross-language search as well as improve the TEL search system.

Multilingual Adaptive Search for Digital Libraries

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2011

We describe a framework for Adaptive Multilingual Information Retrieval (AMIR) which allows multi... more We describe a framework for Adaptive Multilingual Information Retrieval (AMIR) which allows multilingual resource discovery and delivery using on-the-fly machine translation of documents and queries. Result documents are presented to the user in a contextualised manner. Challenges and affordances of both adaptive and multilingual IR, with a particular focus on digital libraries, are detailed. The framework components are motivated by a series of results from experiments on query logs and documents from The European Library. We conclude that factoring adaptivity and multilinguality aspects into the search process can enhance the user's experience with online digital libraries.

Design of a transdermal delivery system for aspirin as an antithrombotic drug

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2006

Aspirin has become the gold standard to which newer antiplatelet drugs are compared for reducing ... more Aspirin has become the gold standard to which newer antiplatelet drugs are compared for reducing risks of cardiovascular diseases, while keeping low cost. Oral aspirin has a repertoire of gastrointestinal side effects even at low doses and requires high frequent dosing because it undergoes extensive presystemic metabolism. Transdermal delivery offers an alternative route that bypasses the gut and may be more convenient and safer for aspirin delivery especially during long-term use. This study comprised formulation of aspirin in different topical bases. Release studies revealed that hydrocarbon gel allowed highest drug release. In vitro permeation studies revealed high drug permeation from hydrocarbon gel. Several chemical penetration enhancers were monitored for augmenting the permeation from this base. Combination of propylene glycol and alcohol showed maximum enhancing effect and, hence, was selected for biological investigation. The biological performance of the selected formulation was assessed by measuring the inhibition of platelet aggregation relevant to different dosage regimens aiming to minimize both drug dose and frequency of application. The results demonstrated the feasibility of successfully influencing platelet function and revealed that the drug therapeutic efficacy in transdermal delivery system is dose independent. Biological performance was reassessed after storage and the results revealed stability and persistent therapeutic efficacy.

Proniosomes as a carrier system for transdermal delivery of tenoxicam

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2011

Inclusion complexation of glimepiride in dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin

asianjps.com

... Diab. Res, Clin. Pract., 2005, 68: 250-257. [7] H. Lebovitz, A. Melander. Sulfonyl Ureas: bas... more

Dynamic simulations of hybrid energy systems in load sharing application

Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015

The paper analyzes the energy, environmental and economic performance of two hybrid microcogenera... more The paper analyzes the energy, environmental and economic performance of two hybrid microcogeneration systems in a load sharing application among residential and office buildings under Napoli (South Italy) weather conditions. The load sharing approach is investigated using dynamic simulations in comparison to a base case with separate conventional systems. Once the advantage of load sharing approach was demonstrated, the performance of two different hybrid systems in load sharing scenario were analyzed. The first one consists of a ground source heat pump (GSHP) and a fuel cell (FC); while the second one is based on a GSHP and a photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system. The performance of these two systems were also compared to a stand-alone GSHP system in order to analyze the advantages of hybrid systems to a single GSHP system. The energy analysis results show that in a load sharing case while using conventional technologies the primary energy savings are equal to 2.1% with respect to the reference case. The introduction of hybrid microcogeneration systems in load sharing application led to primary energy saving with respect to the reference case of 12.8% for the GSHP-FC system and 53.1% for the GSHP-PVT system. The environmental analysis shows a reduction of CO 2 equivalent emissions equal to 15.8% and 52.0% for GSHP-FC and GSHP-PVT respectively. The better energy and environmental performance of GSHP-PVT system is due to the introduction of a significant amount of renewable energy source. The economic analysis focusses on operational cost and Simple Pay Back (SPB) index of the different cases and it is also based on an accurate study of the natural gas and electricity tariffs in Italy. This analysis highlights the advantages of the load sharing approach, because in some cases it allows the reduction of both the investment cost and the operational cost. The economic analysis for the two hybrid systems shows an operational costs reduction equal to 28.0% for GSHP-FC and 56.4% for GSHP-PVT in comparison to the reference case. In presence of economic support mechanisms, the SPB could also reach interesting values, either for the energy efficiency or for the introduction of systems based on renewable energy source.

Anticancer evaluation of novel quinazolines carrying a biologically active pyrimidine

A novel series of quinazolines incorporating a biologically active 4, 6-dimethylpyrimidine, 1, 2,... more A novel series of quinazolines incorporating a biologically active 4, 6-dimethylpyrimidine, 1, 2, 4-triazine, benzo[d][1,3]dioxol, morpholinophenyl, quinoline, sulfonamide and thioureamoieties9-14, 15,16,19, 20 and 2-hydrazinylquinazoline derivative 22were designed and synthesized using methyl 2-isothiocyanato derivative2 as strategic starting material. The structure of the newlysynthesized compounds was confirmed by elemental analyses and spectral data. All the prepared compounds were evaluated for their invitro anticancer activity against breast cancer cell lines. It was found that quinazoline carrying free amino group at 3-position with sulfa-phenazolegroup at 2-position20 and thioureido derivative bearing sulfa-phenazole16 with IC50values (2.64 and 4.60 µg/mL) showed better activity thandoxorubicin as positive control. In addition compounds 14, 12 and 15 are nearly as active as doxorubicin as reference drug, while compounds 9, 13, 11 and 19 exhibited a moderate activity. On the ...

Brinzolamide loaded-polymeric nanoparticles 4388

The objective of the present study was to investigate the ability to formulate brinzolamide in th... more The objective of the present study was to investigate the ability to formulate brinzolamide in the form of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles. In this study brinzolamide-loaded nanoparticles were formulated according to the emulsification/solvent evaporation technique using the biodegradable PLGA. The effect of surfactant type and its percentage in the preparation were investigated. The investigated PLGA polymer with lactide: glycolide monomers ratio of 75:25 was able to develop PLGA vesicular system using the investigated surfactants. Brinzolamide-loaded nanoparticles prepared using PLGA with Pluronic acid F68 in the aqueous phase and 1 % Brij 97 in the organic phase showed the smallest particle size value (441.80 ± 72.97 nm). Brinzolamide-loaded nanoparticles prepared using PLGA with Pluronic acid F68 in aqueous phase and 2 % polysorbate 80 in organic phase had the largest encapsulation efficiency and drug loading values (47.86 ± 0.97 % and 38.76 %, respectively).

Assessment of Renewable Technologies Applications for NetZero Communities

The paper presents the results from performance simulations of three hybrid microgeneration renew... more The paper presents the results from performance simulations of three hybrid microgeneration renewable systems in load sharing between residential and commercial buildings set up. The objective is to investigate the impact of these highly efficient systems on buildings' energy use and emissions, load levelling and operational and regulatory issues. Typical residential and office buildings in Canada and Korea representing the latest advances in building industry of both countries have been chosen for the modeling and simulation purposes. The buildings electric and thermal load profiles were derived from actual field performance data, analysed and generated as stochastic time series. A library of such profiles representing the daily, seasonal and yearly performance of the buildings has been created. Daily and seasonal load sharing strategies between the residential and office buildings have been developed and simulated. GSHP, hybrid FC-GSHP and PVT-GSHP microgeneration systems are ...

Page 1 Brinzolamide loaded-polymeric nanoparticles

The objective of the present study was to investigate the ability to formulate brinzolamide in th... more The objective of the present study was to investigate the ability to formulate brinzolamide in the form of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles. In this study brinzolamide-loaded nanoparticles were formulated according to the emulsification/solvent evaporation technique using the biodegradable PLGA. The effect of surfactant type and its percentage in the preparation were investigated. The investigated PLGA polymer with lactide: glycolide monomers ratio of 75:25 was able to develop PLGA vesicular system using the investigated surfactants. Brinzolamide-loaded nanoparticles prepared using PLGA with Pluronic acid F68 in the aqueous phase and 1 % Brij 97 in the organic phase showed the smallest particle size value (441.80 ± 72.97 nm). Brinzolamide-loaded nanoparticles prepared using PLGA with Pluronic acid F68 in aqueous phase and 2 % polysorbate 80 in organic phase had the largest encapsulation efficiency and drug loading values (47.86 ± 0.97 % and 38.76 %, respectively).

Formulation and In-vitro-evaluation of Isotretinoin Tablets

Journal of chemical and pharmaceutical research, 2012

Isotretinoin (13-cis-Retinoic acid) is a poor water soluble drug, commonly used in the treatment ... more Isotretinoin (13-cis-Retinoic acid) is a poor water soluble drug, commonly used in the treatment of severe cases of acne. The aim of this project is to formulate isotretinoin in form of tablet and enhance its solubility and dissolution rate; by the use of formulations containing either surfactant (SLS and Tween20) or HP-β-CD. The critical micelle concentration for each surfactant was determined. Surfactant enriched tablets were prepared by physical mixture and co-precipitation method. Binary system of the drug with HP-β-CD was prepared using different ratios and techniques. The freeze drying technique gave the best drug-HP-β-CD complexation. The in-vitro dissolution study for the prepared mixtures and the prepared tablets was performed. Binary system of molecular ratio 1: 5 of the drug to HP-β-CD gave the highest solubility and dissolution rate for isotretinoin in comparison with other formulae. Therefore, it could be concluded from the study that, incorporation of surfactant and HP...

Reservoir Evaluation of Abu Roash Formation by Using Well Log Data at East of Beni-Zouf Area, Egypt

The new concept for oil exploration in Egypt in the last few years is to go to the Upper Egypt, w... more The new concept for oil exploration in Egypt in the last few years is to go to the Upper Egypt, where it is considered as a promising area .The area of study is located to the east of Beni- souf,Egypt where six wells are located(EBS-7X ,EBS-8X, EBS-6X, EBS-4X, EBS-3X,and EBS-2X). Abu Roash Formation is considered as target for oil exploration and production, especially the Abu Roash (G) Member at Western Desert of Egypt. The available open-hole well log data used in the analysis of Abu Roash Formation are in the form of resistivity logs (deep and shallow), porosity tools (sonic, density and neutron) and the gamma-ray log to determine the petrophysical parameters. The petrophysical parameters (total porosity, effective porosity, shale volume, and hydrocarbon and movable hydrocarbon saturations) are represented in the form of iso-parametric maps. This analysis of the considered studied rock unit in the area of study illustrates that, the reservoir quality increases toward the western ...

Formulation and evaluation of cubosomes drug delivery system for treatment of glaucoma: Ex-vivo permeation and in-vivo pharmacodynamic study

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2019

Glaucoma, a chronic disease of elevated intraocular pressure, is considered as the first leading ... more Glaucoma, a chronic disease of elevated intraocular pressure, is considered as the first leading cause of blindness. Brimonidine tartrate (BRT), a hydrophilic drug with poor ocular bioavailability, is a glaucoma treatment that is used three times daily. The frequent administration of BRT hinders patient adherence to treatment. The aim of this work is to improve BRT ocular bioavailability and prolong its intraocular pressure lowering effect by the preparation of BRT loaded cubosomes. Cubosomal formulations were prepared according to a d-optimal design. The selected variables were the percent of the dispersed phase, the ratio of glyceryl monooleate to poloxamer 407, the type of surfactant and the surfactant concentration. The prepared formulations were characterized for their drug content, particle size, PDI, zeta potential and in-vitro release. The optimized formulation had a size of 157.2±4.2nm, PDI 0.22±0.03, a zeta potential of-30.2±0.6mv and showed a sustained release pattern over 24 hours. Micrographs of the transmission electron microscope confirmed the cubic nanostructure of the optimized formulation. Ex-vivo corneal permeation showed 1.6 folds enhanced permeability compared to Alphagan ® P. The in-vivo pharmacodynamic study showed a 4.6 folds increase in AUC 0-24h and 9.1 folds increase in the mean residence time compared to the market product Alphagan ® P.

Buccoadhesive gel of carvedilol nanoparticles for enhanced dissolution and bioavailability

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2018

2.2. Methods 2.2.1. Drug-excipient compatibility study 2.2.1.1. Differential scanning calorimetry... more 2.2. Methods 2.2.1. Drug-excipient compatibility study 2.2.1.1. Differential scanning calorimetry studies. The physical compatibilities of carvedilol with polymers were studied using the differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC-60, Shimadzu, Japan). Carvedilol and physical mixtures samples in a ratio of 1: 1 were sealed in the standard aluminum pan separately and scanned between 40°C and 430°C under nitrogen atmosphere of flow rate 100 mL/min with a heating rate of 20°C/min. 2.2.1.2. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy analysis. Chemical compatibilities of carvedilol with polymers used in the preparation

Estimation of the suitable water saturation model of Bahariya Formation in Sidi Barani Area, Nnorth Western Desert of Egypt by using well logs analysis

International Journal of Academic Research, 2013

Diclofenac-induced Gastric Ulceration in Rats: Protective Roles of Pantoprazole and Misoprostol

British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2016

Gastrointestinal damage caused by diclofenac remains a significant clinical problem. Pantoprazole... more Gastrointestinal damage caused by diclofenac remains a significant clinical problem. Pantoprazole provides potent and long-lasting inhibition of gastric acid secretion and has proven efficacy in healing diclofenac-associated ulcers, including those with continued exposure to diclofenac. The objective of this study was to prepare and evaluate microbeads of diclofenac sodium coated with sodium alginate and Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) in order to obtain controlled release drug delivery system. The ulcerogenic activity and histopathological effects of the prepared formulation were compared with a marked formula containing the drug with misoprostol which orally administered to male Wistar rats. Ionotropic gelation technique was the technique of choice to encapsulate the drug. IR spectral analysis indicated no interaction between the drug and polymers used. Microbeads which showed a significant reduction in the release of diclofenac at acidic pH of Original Research Article El-Deen et al.; BJPR, 11(3): 1-12, 2016; Article no.BJPR.24636 2 the stomach as well as maximal release at alkaline pH of the intestine were selected to conduct further in vivo evaluation. The beads were administered to rats in combination with pantoprazole. The obtained ulcer index as well as the histopathological effects of the proposed formulations was compared to marketed formula containing the drug combined with misoprostol. The obtained in vivo results indicate that administration of pantoprazole and diclofenac microbeads has shown efficacy in reducing the risk of GIT ulcerations compared with administration of misoprostol and diclofenac or diclofenac separately.

Simulation of a Multi-Stage Cooling Scheme for Gas Turbine Engines: Part I

Volume 4: Turbo Expo 2007, Parts A and B, 2007

This paper presents heat transfer characteristics for a Multi-Stage Cooling Scheme (MSCS) design ... more This paper presents heat transfer characteristics for a Multi-Stage Cooling Scheme (MSCS) design applicable to high temperature gas turbine engines in aerospace and electric power generation. The film cooling and impingement techniques are considered concurrently throughout this study. The proposed design involves passing cooling air from the inside of the turbine blade to the outside through three designed stages. The coolant air is passed through a circular hole into an internal gap creating an impingement of air inside the blade. It then exits through a sequence of two differently shaped holes onto the blade’s external surface. The film cooling effectiveness is enhanced by increasing the internal gap height and offset distance. This effect is significantly diminished however by changing the inclination angle from 90° to 30° at large gap height. The coolant momentum became more uniform by creating the internal gap consequently the coolant air is spread closer to the external blade...

Inclusion complexation of furosemide in cyclodextrins. Part 2: Implication on bioavailability

Die Pharmazie, 1999

The effect of inclusion complexation of furosemide in cyclodextrins (CyD) on the bioavailability ... more The effect of inclusion complexation of furosemide in cyclodextrins (CyD) on the bioavailability of the drug was studied on normal human volunteers. The excretion rate of the drug was determined by HPLC for a period of 24 h. post dosing. Several pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and statistically analyzed. viz., peak excretion rate, peak excretion time, half peak time, elimination rate constant, area under the excretion rate time-curve as well as the total amount of drug excreted. The obtained results show that on administration of furosemide in the form of an inclusion complex in CyDs particularly beta-CyD or its dimethyl derivative may improve its biological performance, taking into consideration that furosemide is characterized by a rapid onset and a short duration of action. Inclusion complexation of furosemide in CyDs leads to a more or less delay in its onset of action, a significant increase in its duration of action as well as significant augmentation in its overall...

Interaction of oral anticoagulants with methyl xanthines

Die Pharmazie, 1997

The interaction of warfarin and dicumarol with methyl xanthines was monitored. The results reveal... more The interaction of warfarin and dicumarol with methyl xanthines was monitored. The results revealed formation of equimolar complexes with both caffeine and theophylline. The interaction is exothermic and complexation is thermodynamically unfavourable. The apparent solubility of dicumarol in water was found to increase linearly with increasing methyl xanthine concentration. The dissolution rate of the prepared complexes is higher than that of their respective physical mixtures or the respective drug per se. The implication of such interaction on the biological performance of the two anticoagulants was assessed in Albino rabbits. The results indicate that incorporation of dicumarol in form of a complex or even as a physical mixture with methyl xanthines does affect the biological performance of the drug to a marked extent.

Improvement of the biological performance of oral anticoagulant drugs. 1. Warfarin

Die Pharmazie, 1997

Coevaporates of warfarin sodium containing different weight fractions of polyvinylpyrrolidone (Ko... more Coevaporates of warfarin sodium containing different weight fractions of polyvinylpyrrolidone (Kollidon s5 and 30) polymers of different molecular weights were prepared and their characterization, dissolution properties as well as their bioavailability in rabbits were assessed. UV and IR spectrophotometery revealed a sort of binding between the drug and polymers. Optimum binding tendency appears at polymer weight fractions of 0.7 and 0.5 for Kollidon 25 and Kollidon 30, respectively. Incorporation of the drug with PVP enhances its dissolution properties and improves its bioavailability. Of all the investigated warfarin/PVP systems, the coevaporate of warfarin with an equal weight fraction of Kollidon 30 was found to exhibit optimum biological properties beside highest dissolution rate.

Identifying Common User Behaviour in Multilingual Search Logs

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2010

The LADS (Log Analysis for Digital Societies) task at CLEF aims at investigating user actions in ... more The LADS (Log Analysis for Digital Societies) task at CLEF aims at investigating user actions in a multilingual setting. We carried out an analysis of search logs with the objectives of investigating how users from different linguistic or cultural backgrounds behave in search, and how the discovery of patterns in user actions could be used for community identification. The findings confirm that users from a different background behave differently, and that there are identifiable patterns in the user actions. The findings suggest that there is scope for further investigation of how search logs can be exploited to personalise and improve cross-language search as well as improve the TEL search system.

Multilingual Adaptive Search for Digital Libraries

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2011

We describe a framework for Adaptive Multilingual Information Retrieval (AMIR) which allows multi... more We describe a framework for Adaptive Multilingual Information Retrieval (AMIR) which allows multilingual resource discovery and delivery using on-the-fly machine translation of documents and queries. Result documents are presented to the user in a contextualised manner. Challenges and affordances of both adaptive and multilingual IR, with a particular focus on digital libraries, are detailed. The framework components are motivated by a series of results from experiments on query logs and documents from The European Library. We conclude that factoring adaptivity and multilinguality aspects into the search process can enhance the user's experience with online digital libraries.

Design of a transdermal delivery system for aspirin as an antithrombotic drug

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2006

Aspirin has become the gold standard to which newer antiplatelet drugs are compared for reducing ... more Aspirin has become the gold standard to which newer antiplatelet drugs are compared for reducing risks of cardiovascular diseases, while keeping low cost. Oral aspirin has a repertoire of gastrointestinal side effects even at low doses and requires high frequent dosing because it undergoes extensive presystemic metabolism. Transdermal delivery offers an alternative route that bypasses the gut and may be more convenient and safer for aspirin delivery especially during long-term use. This study comprised formulation of aspirin in different topical bases. Release studies revealed that hydrocarbon gel allowed highest drug release. In vitro permeation studies revealed high drug permeation from hydrocarbon gel. Several chemical penetration enhancers were monitored for augmenting the permeation from this base. Combination of propylene glycol and alcohol showed maximum enhancing effect and, hence, was selected for biological investigation. The biological performance of the selected formulation was assessed by measuring the inhibition of platelet aggregation relevant to different dosage regimens aiming to minimize both drug dose and frequency of application. The results demonstrated the feasibility of successfully influencing platelet function and revealed that the drug therapeutic efficacy in transdermal delivery system is dose independent. Biological performance was reassessed after storage and the results revealed stability and persistent therapeutic efficacy.

Proniosomes as a carrier system for transdermal delivery of tenoxicam

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2011

Inclusion complexation of glimepiride in dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin

asianjps.com

... Diab. Res, Clin. Pract., 2005, 68: 250-257. [7] H. Lebovitz, A. Melander. Sulfonyl Ureas: bas... more