Enos Moyo

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Nebojsa Davcik, Ph.D.

EM NORMANDIE

Santi Swarup

Dayalbagh Educational Institute

Handan Güler İplikçi

Celal Bayar University

Ebru Uzunoglu

Izmir University of Economics

Alfredo P A S S O S Competitive Intelligence Professional and Editor of Revista Inteligência Competitiva, Brazil

ESPM

Clarke Caywood

Northwestern University

Robert Kozinets

University of Southern California

Delphine Dion

ESSEC Business School

Diego Rinallo

EMLyon Business School

Chehou OUSSOUMANOU

Galatasaray University

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Papers by Enos Moyo

Prevention of antimicrobial resistance in sub-Saharan Africa: What has worked? What still needs to be done?

by derek mangoya and Enos Moyo

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Antibiotics help in preventing and treating infections and increasing life expectancy globally. G... more Antibiotics help in preventing and treating infections and increasing life expectancy globally. Globally, many people&#39;s lives are being threatened by the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The cost of treating and preventing infectious diseases has increased due to AMR. Bacteria can resist the effects of antibiotics by altering drug targets, inactivating drugs, and activating drug efflux pumps. According to estimates, five million individuals died in 2019 from AMR-related causes, wherein 1.3 million deaths were directly linked to bacterial AMR. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experienced the greatest mortality rate from AMR in 2019. In this article, we discuss AMR&#39;s causes and challenges SSA faces in implementing AMR prevention measures and propose recommendations to address the challenges. Antibiotic misuse and overuse, widespread usage in agriculture, and the pharmaceutical industry&#39;s absence of new antibiotic development are the factors contributing to AMR. SSA&#39;s challenges in preventing AMR include poor AMR surveillance and lack of collaboration, irrational use of antibiotics, weak medicine regulatory systems, lack of infrastructural and institutional capacities, lack of human resources, and inefficient infection prevention and control (IPC) practices. The challenges faced by countries in SSA can be addressed by increasing the public&#39;s knowledge of antibiotics and AMR, promoting antibiotic stewardship, improving AMR surveillance, promoting collaboration within and beyond countries, antibiotics regulatory enforcement, and improving the practice of IPC measures at home, food handling establishments, and healthcare facilities.

The Use of Economic Evaluation Tools in Essential Health Benefits Package Selection for Universal Health Coverage

by derek mangoya and Enos Moyo

Value in Health Regional Issues

A Critical Review of Mpox Outbreaks, Risk Factors, and Prevention Efforts in Africa: Lessons Learned and Evolving Practices

IJID regions, Jul 1, 2024

Empowering Underprivileged Students Beyond Financial Aid: Insights from a Scholarship Program's Monitoring and Evaluation

Evaluation and program planning, Aug 1, 2024

The use of oral human immunodeficiency virus pre-exposure prophylaxis in pregnant and lactating women in sub-Saharan Africa: considerations, barriers, and recommendations

Global health journal, Apr 1, 2024

Factors Influencing Postnatal Care Utilization Among Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review

International journal of childbirth, Apr 12, 2024

COVID-19 and mental health services in Sub-Saharan Africa: A critical literature review

Comprehensive psychiatry, May 1, 2024

Treading the Thin Line Between Health Ethics and Patient Care in the Application of Telemedicine: The Case of Sound Ethical Guidelines in Telemedicine in Sub-Saharan Africa

The entry of technology and digital platforms into the health sector has allowed for the expansio... more The entry of technology and digital platforms into the health sector has allowed for the expansion of healthcare from traditional healthcare facilities, thereby overcoming geographical barriers and giving birth to telemedicine. Information technologies enable the delivery of healthcare services, even when distance is a critical factor. These technologies facilitate the exchange of valid information for diagnosis, treatment, and management of diseases and injuries. They also aid in research and evaluation, and support the continuing education of healthcare providers. These efforts are aimed at improving the health of individuals and communities. However, despite providing a platform where health can be easily accessible to all despite location, telemedicine also exposes patients to unethical practices, such as leaking their data to non-intended users and sometimes hackers, highlighting the need for sound ethical governance practices. There is a need for ethical governance and regulatory frameworks for the application and use of digital technology in health, which will minimise the infringement of patients' ethical rights and privacy.

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Putting communities at the forefront of community-led monitoring in Zimbabwe

Frontiers in Public Health, Jan 7, 2024

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“Creating a Generation of Equality”: A Stakeholder’s Perspective on Power Dynamics and Gender-Based Violence in Zimbabwe

Global Journal of Health Science, Dec 7, 2023

Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) remains a significant public health concern in Zimbabwe, ... more Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) remains a significant public health concern in Zimbabwe, with 38% of women experiencing intimate partner violence. Rooted in the country's patriarchal structure, power imbalances contribute to this epidemic. This study aimed to investigate the perspectives of key stakeholders on the relationship between power dynamics and GBV in Zimbabwe, and as well as to explore potential interventions to address this issue. Methodology: A descriptive qualitative research design was used. We collected data from fourteen participants using three focus group discussions. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Three themes that emerged on power dynamics and GBV were economic inequality, gender stereotypes, and lack of access to justice. Two themes that emerged for recommendations were gender-transformative and economic empowerment programming. Conclusion: Findings from this study underscore the need to include men in designing and implementing gendertransformative programs alongside economic empowerment initiatives to effectively address GBV and dismantle patriarchal structures in Zimbabwe.

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Making every baby count - An urgent reproductive health priority as sub-Saharan Africa continues to witness a high incidence of stillbirths

African Journal of Reproductive Health, Nov 29, 2023

The expected culmination of a positive pregnancy experience is a healthy mother and a bouncing li... more The expected culmination of a positive pregnancy experience is a healthy mother and a bouncing live baby. Unfortunately, globally an estimated 2 million babies are still born every year, with the largest incidence of stillbirths of about 50% of the global burden occurring in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Significant gaps in access to quality antenatal care (ANC) and labour and delivery remain in SSA. It is estimated that only 24% of women receive at least four ANC visits in SSA. Women are prepared for labour and delivery during this period, and risk factors are identified, and potential complications can be averted. Access to labour and delivery services is critical for picking up foetal compromise. Women must deliver in facilities that can offer assisted delivery and offer foetal and neonatal resuscitation, to prevent stillbirths and early neonatal deaths. In SSA, many primary healthcare facilities are unable to offer these services, whilst higher level facilities that can offer these may be difficult to access. The majority of stillbirths are preventable if women access quality ANC and can access modern facilities for labour and delivery. Therefore, stakeholders in reproductive health must ensure access to ANC for a positive pregnancy experience.

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Correspondence on “A case for the inclusion of doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis for sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men in sub-Saharan African countries’ guidelines for the management of sexually transmitted infections” by “Dzinamarira<i>et al</i>”

Sexually Transmitted Infections, Oct 12, 2023

Mapping Evidence on the Determinants of Postnatal Care Knowledge among Postpartum Women in sub-Saharan Africa: A Literature Review

Global Journal of Health Science, Oct 12, 2023

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Factors influencing the retention of clients in oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) care at 3 months after initiation in the Omusati region of Namibia

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, Dec 31, 2022

Adolescents and young people in sub-Saharan Africa: overcoming challenges and seizing opportunities to achieve HIV epidemic control

Frontiers in public health, Mar 19, 2024

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Risk factors and clinical presentations of long COVID in Africa: A scoping review

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Adverse drug reaction reporting by healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review of the challenges faced and the strategies to address the challenges

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

Redefining HIV care: a path toward sustainability post-UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets

Frontiers in Public Health

Advancing the use of Long‐Acting Extended Delivery formulations for HIV prevention in sub‐Saharan Africa: challenges, opportunities, and recommendations

Journal of the International AIDS Society, Jul 1, 2023

IntroductionThe burden of HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) remains unacceptably high, and dispropo... more IntroductionThe burden of HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) remains unacceptably high, and disproportionately affects girls and women. While the introduction of oral HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in 2012 revolutionized HIV prevention, its effectiveness is dependent on user adherence and its implementation in SSA has faced numerous challenges. Patient‐level, interpersonal and structural barriers, including, for example, daily pill burden, side effects, lack of partner support, testing and disclosure, and costs have been found to reduce adherence to oral PrEP.DiscussionLong‐acting extended delivery (LAED) formulations for PrEP, such as injectable long‐acting cabotegravir (CAB‐LA) and dapivirine vaginal ring (DPV‐VR) are critical additions to the HIV prevention toolkit and are especially important for populations such as adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) and other key populations who remain at significant risk of HIV acquisition while facing substantial barriers to preventive services. These LAED formulations have been shown to result in better adherence and fewer side effects, with CAB‐LA being superior to oral PrEP in reducing the risk of HIV acquisition. They can be used to overcome user burden and adherence challenges. However, the successful rollout of the DPV‐VR and CAB‐LA may be hampered by issues such as a shortage of healthcare providers (HCPs), inadequate parenteral medication infrastructure, increased workload for HCPs, patient concerns, the price of the medications and the possibility of drug resistance.ConclusionsSSA must develop laboratory capabilities for monitoring patients on LAED formulations and enhance research on developing more non‐injectable LAED formulations. There is a need to train and retain more HCPs, implement task shifting, invest in healthcare infrastructure and integrate healthcare services. To reduce costs and improve availability, the region must advocate for patent license waivers for LAED formulations and procure drugs collectively as a region.

The HIV/AIDS responses pre and during the COVID-19 pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa: A basis for sustainable health system strengthening post–COVID-19

IJID Regions

In May 2023, the World Health Organization announced that COVID-19 was no longer a global emergen... more In May 2023, the World Health Organization announced that COVID-19 was no longer a global emergency. The impact of COVID-19 on the provision of HIV/AIDS services was not that severe due to the reprogramming of key resources. For health systems in sub-Saharan Africa to become resilient to future pandemics, lessons should be learned from the successful HIV/AIDS response in the region, and how the HIV/AIDS services were successfully adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, we reviewed the 6 World Health Organization health system building blocks on how the best practices from the provision of HIV/AIDS services and the services' response to the COVID-19 pandemic can be used as a basis for restoring and strengthening health systems to offer universal access to quality essential health services. The success of the leadership and governance for universal access to anti-retroviral therapy can be a blueprint for the realization of universal health coverage. Significant efficiencies that resulted in the reduction in anti-retroviral therapy costs can be leveraged to ensure cheaper essential drugs while differentiated service delivery models can be used to improve health service accessibility. New technologies that have proven to be successful in HIV/AIDS care can also be used in the care of other diseases, including disease outbreaks. The strong health information systems developed for HIV programs can be used as a foundation for developing health information systems for the whole health sector while the healthcare professionals trained for the provision of HIV/AIDS services can be trained to provide services for a variety of other conditions.

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Prevention of antimicrobial resistance in sub-Saharan Africa: What has worked? What still needs to be done?

by derek mangoya and Enos Moyo

Journal of Infection and Public Health