Ganiy Badmus

University of Ibadan, Physics, Graduate Student

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DR Kehinde Mogaji

Federal University Of Technology Akure,Nigeria

Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine

Aanuoluwa Adagunodo

Ladoke Akintola University of Technology

Adagunodo Aanuoluwa

Covenant University Canaanland, Ota.

IBRAHIM OYEDIRAN

University of Ibadan Nigeria

IOSR Journals

Rotimi Oluwatosin

Covenant University Canaanland, Ota.

Igbagbo Adeyemo

The Ijes The Ijes

Olateju Bayewu

Olabisi Onabanjo University

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Papers by Ganiy Badmus

Geoelectric and Electromagnetic Methods for Post Foundation Studies in a Typical Basement Terrain

A combined geophysical investigation involving very low frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) and el... more A combined geophysical investigation involving very low frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) and electrical resistivity methods were conducted at Ijapo Housing Estate, Akure, southwestern Nigeria, to assess its foundation integrity for future engineering construction in a bid to stamp out the persisting incidence of collapse building. VLF-EM profiling was undertaken along 19 traverses, with traverse lengths ranging between 180 and 1,200 m and station interval of 20 m. Thirty vertical electrical sounding (VES) stations were occupied within the study area. VLF-EM and VES data were quantitatively interpreted. VLF-EM mapped conductive and nonconductive zones and the result revealed concealed geological structures suspected to be fractures/faults. Geoelectric method delineated about four major geoelectric layers namely: the top soil, lateritic layer, weathered basement and the fresh basement and series of bedrock ridges and depressions. Failure of engineering structure(s) in a typical basement complex may result from sharp variation in lithological characteristic such as resistivity contrast, moisture content and the presence of linear geological features (faults and/or fractures) within the subsurface. This is exemplified within the study area characterized by competent and incompetent zones. Therefore, subsequent construction should be restricted to the competent zone, while building foundations within the incompetent zone should be anchored on the bedrock without exceeding the load bearing capacity.

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Hydrogeological Implication of Electrical Resistivity Sounding in Ita Eku Ado Ekiti Nigeria

Electrical resistivity prospecting method was used in evaluating the groundwater potential of Ita... more Electrical resistivity prospecting method was used in evaluating the groundwater potential of Ita-Eku, southeastern part of Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti state, Nigeria using the vertical electrical sounding technique. A total of seven electrical soundings were conducted using the Schlumberger electrode array. The data acquired were interpreted qualitatively and quantitatively and were presented as tables, charts and section. The interpreted models revealed three to four geo-electric layers namely; topsoil, clay/lateritic soil, weathered/fractured layer and fresh basement. The topsoil which is relatively thin has thickness ranging between 0.8 and 2.5m while the resistivity values range from 26 to 171 Ω-m. The second layer has thickness ranging from 2.5 -5.9 m and resistivity values from 5 to 19 Ω-m. The third layer is the weathered/fractured layer with thickness ranging from 5.9-35.3 m and the resistivity values range from 171 to 404 Ω-m. The basement resistivity values range between 711 and 3466 Ω-m. First and second order (Dar Zarrouk parameters) data were used to generate the geo-electric section, overburden thickness chart and longitudinal conductance chart. These section and charts were considered in generating the groundwater potential table. The groundwater potential table shows that about 28% of the entire study area falls within zone rated as having high groundwater 3474 potential, while about 28% of the study area constitutes the low groundwater potential rating and the remaining 44% has moderate groundwater potential rating.

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Geophysical and Sedimentological Characterization of a Tar Sand Rich Area in South-western Nigeria

Although huge deposits of tar sands have been discovered in parts of south-western Nigeria, detai... more Although huge deposits of tar sands have been discovered in parts of south-western Nigeria, detailed geological studies of many locations are yet to be executed. Such studies would not only help in quantitative evaluation but also help in generating baseline data that would help in evolving exploitation technique that will be environmentally friendly. Vertical electrical Soundings of southwest Okitipupa were extensively carried out while core samples were studied in order to generate subsurface model of the study area. Detailed sedimentological studies of core samples were also executed. Correlations of geoelectric sections with borehole litho-logs revealed three layers from top to bottom of lateritic soil/clay, shale and sand/bituminous sand. The depth to tar sand horizon ranged from 0.5 to 50.0 m. Groundwater level of about 13 to 15m measured in dug wells occur above tar sand horizon. The most abundant mineral in the tar sand is quartz with subordinate amounts of microcline, muscovite and biotite. The medium grained and moderately sorted nature of the tar sands coupled with low amount of fine particles, indicate that the oil sand reservoir is of good quality. Open cast mining can be employed but precaution must be taken to prevent blowout that may be induced by the overlying water bearing horizon. The fairly thick impervious clayey overburden will prevent pollution of groundwater by waste likely to be associated with tar sand exploitation.

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Geoelectric Investigation of Aquifer Vulnerability within Afe

Many investigation techniques are commonly employed with the aim of estimating the spatial distri... more Many investigation techniques are commonly employed with the aim of estimating the spatial distribution of transmissivity and protective capacity of groundwater resources. Unfortunately, the conventional methods for the determination of hydraulic parameters such as pumping tests, permeameter measurements and grain size analysis are intrusive and relatively expensive. A non-intrusive and less-expensive geoelectric investigation involving vertical electrical sounding was carried out in some parts of the campus of Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. A total of fifty-nine (59) vertical electrical sounding (VES) data were acquired using R 50 D.C. resistivity meter within the campus which is underlain by the Precambrian basement rock of southwestern Nigeria. Following the interpretation of the VES data, maps and 2D-sections were generated. The geoelectric sections enabled the subsurface to be characterized into five geoelectric layers namely: Topsoil, clayey/sandy-clay, weathered layer, fractured basement and fresh basement. The assessment and analysis of the materials above the aquifers showed that longitudinal conductance (S) values ranged from 0.08438 to 0.73449 mhos; thus the area is classified into weak , moderate (0.2 -0.69 mhos) and good protective capacity (0.7 mhos and above). The major aquifer delineated is the weathered/fractured basement aquifers. These aquifers are characterized by thick overburden, moderate/good protective capacity, moderate to relatively high value coefficients of anisotropy and low transverse unit resistance. This suggests that the materials above the aquifers act as seal, thus protecting the major aquiferous units. However, the aquifer matrix itself is relatively permeable. Areas with weak protective capacity are therefore vulnerable to infiltration of polluting fluid.

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Estimation of Shear Wave Velocity for Nearsurface

Near-surface shear-wave velocity profiles were acquired at four locations; these at strategic sta... more Near-surface shear-wave velocity profiles were acquired at four locations; these at strategic stations in Ifako/Gbagada a sub-urban area in Lagos State. The geophysical surveyed obtained the shear-wave velocity data using Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) technique. These data were acquired with a view to delineating the existing or potential hazards relating to subsidence, distressing and weakening of structures above the earth which is important to public safety, mitigation of property damage and to see the effectiveness of MASW technique in engineering site investigation. The processing method was fully automated by software called SURFSEIS. The study showed that the entire profiles depicted a very low shear-wave velocity (~80m/s to 160m/s) region down to 15m, a signature of saturated peaty/clayey formation. Thus, subsidence, distressing and weakening of structures were inferred to probably resulted from the loose nature of the subsurface soil.

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2 3 Focal depth, magnitude, and frequency distribution of earthquakes along oceanic trenches

The occurrence of earthquakes in oceanic trenches can pose a tsunami threat to lives and properti... more The occurrence of earthquakes in oceanic trenches can pose a tsunami threat to lives and properties in active seismic zones. Therefore, the knowledge of focal depth, magnitude, and time distribution of earthquakes along the trenches is needed to investigate the future occurrence of earthquakes in the zones. The oceanic trenches studied, were located from the seismicity map on: latitude ?51°to ?53°a nd longitude -160°to 176°(Aleutian Trench), latitude ?40°to ?53°and longitude ?148°to ?165°(Japan Trench), and latitude -75°to -64°and longitude -15°to ?30°(Peru-Chile Trench). The following features of seismic events were considered: magnitude distribution, focal depth distribution, and time distribution of earthquake. The results obtained in each trench revealed that the earthquakes increased with time in all the regions. This implies that the lithospheric layer is becoming more unstable. Thus, tectonic stress accumulation is increasing with time. The rate of increase in earthquakes at the Peru-Chile Trench is higher than that of the Japan Trench and the Aleutian Trench. This implies that the convergence of lithospheric plates is higher in the Peru-Chile Trench. Deep earthquakes were observed across all the trenches. The shallow earthquakes were more prominent than intermediate and deep earthquakes in all the trenches. The seismic events in the trenches are mostly of magnitude range 3.0-4.9. This magnitude range may indicate the genesis of mild to moderate tsunamis in the trench zone in near future once sufficient slip would occur with displacement of water column.

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