Papers by Begoña Hernández-Beloqui
Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia, Jan 3, 2020
In this paper, anthracological and palynological records of the Medieval deserted village of Zaba... more In this paper, anthracological and palynological records of the Medieval deserted village of Zaballa in Alava (Basque Country, Northern Spain) are used to examine the transformation of rural landscapes. At this site, a large-scale archaeological project was carried out and a long period of occupation (6 th-16 th century) discovered. A good range of bioarchaeological and geoarchaeological evidence was also found. Archaeobotanical remains provided comprehensive proxies, which can be used to better understand the local economy, landscape dynamics, agrarian terraces and field systems. These data permit an examination of the role of the local community and the external agents that shaped agrarian and domestic spaces as well as the impact of aristocratic powers on rural settlements. The cross use of pollen and charcoal data allow us to relate the progressive reduction of the arboreal component during the Middle Ages with the increasing of the agrarian production, the periodical reorganization of the cultivated spaces, and the introduction of new production strategies.
In this text, we explain the relationship between humans and vegetation throughout Prehistory, ho... more In this text, we explain the relationship between humans and vegetation throughout Prehistory, how plants have influenced our life and when and how we have interfered with their natural evolution. In this sense, we remember Lydia's passion for this subject, paying her an emotional tribute.
by Alvaro Arrizabalaga, Alejandro Prieto, Eder Dominguez-Ballesteros, Blanca Ochoa, Naroa Garcia Ibaibarriaga, Javier Ordoño Daubagna, Jesus Tapia, Begoña Hernández-Beloqui, Izaskun Sarasketa-Gartzia, Maria-Jose Iriarte-Chiapusso, Amaya Echazarreta-Gallego, and Antonio J. Romero It has traditionally been thought that movement of human groups across the Pyrenees would have be... more It has traditionally been thought that movement of human groups across the Pyrenees would have been difficult in the Palaeolithic, although there are data contradicting this view. It may even be proposed that a Pyrenean region existed in the Palaeolithic with specific cultural traits and a series of sites, especially in the Magdalenian. The existence of routes across the central parts of the Pyrenees is not incompatible, however, with a preference for the western and eastern routes between the Iberian Peninsula and the rest of Europe. With this hypothesis, we propose to explore the western route for the movement of populations, the one that crosses the Basque Country, through different kinds of record: the location of the archaeological sites themselves, the distribution of lithic raw materials, the technocomplexes, and the similarities and differences in the cultural and subsistence behaviour of the human groups. We will retake the theoretical approach proposed at the International Meeting on Prehistorical Pyrenees (Tarascon, 2004), to check its validity, twelve years later.
Tradicionalmente, viene considerándose que el paso de los grupos humanos por los Pirineos resulta dificultoso durante el Paleolítico y existen, efectivamente, datos que contradicen este planteamiento. Incluso podemos valorar como verosímil la existencia de una región paleolítica pirenaica, con rasgos culturales específicos y una serie de yacimientos implicados, especialmente durante el Magdaleniense. La existencia de rutas de tránsito a través de los tramos centrales de los Pirineos no es incompatible, sin embargo, con una mayor preferencia por los pasos occidental y oriental entre la Península Ibérica y el resto del continente europeo. Partiendo de esta hipótesis, nos proponemos explorar la ruta occidental del poblamiento peninsular, la que cruza el País Vasco, a partir de diferentes tipos de registro: la propia dispersión de los yaci-mientos arqueológicos, la distribución de materias primas líticas, los tecnocomplejos y las similitudes o diferencias en los comportamientos culturales y económicos de los grupos humanos. Para ello, partimos de la reflexión teórica efectuada en el Coloquio de Tarascon (2004), para comprobar la validez de aquella propuesta, desde la perspectiva de doce años.
Sarritan aipatu da Pirinioetako pasatzea zaila izan dela gizakientzako, Paleolitoan zehar, eta ba dira datuak hipotesi hau ezeztatzeko. Batzuk aipatu dute Pirinioetako eremu kultural bat, adierazle kultural oso espezifikoekin, bereziki Magdalen aldian. Pirinioak zeharkatzen dituzten zenbait pasabideen izatea, aldi berean, bateragarria da beste planteamenduarekin, hain zuzen ere, gizataldeek nahiago izaten dituztela Pirinioetako mendebaldeko eta ekialdeko ertzak Iberiar Penintsula eta kontinentearen arteko pasabideak bezala, erosoagoak dire-lako. Hipotesi hau abiapuntutzat hartuta, mendebaldeko pasabidea (Euskal Herria zeharkatzen duena) zenbait erregistro materialen arabera aztertuko dugu: aztarnategi arkeologikoen sakabanaketa, harrizko lehengaien hornidura eta gizataldeen portaera kultural eta ekonomikoen arteko aldeak eta desberdintasunak. Aspaldian, 2004ko Tarascon-sur-Ariègen izandako kongresuan egin genuen hausnarketa teoretikoa izan da gure oinarria, hamabi urte beranduago hipotesi horren baliokidetza aztertzeko.
Isotopic records from Greenland ice cores have revealed a number of centennial to millennial-s... more Isotopic records from Greenland ice cores have revealed a number of centennial to millennial-scale climatic fluctuations affecting the eastern North Atlantic during the Lateglacial/Holocene transition. Most of them appear directly correlated with quantitative temperature changes reconstructed for a very climate-sensitive locality in NW Iberia, Laguna de La Roya (LR). The chironomid-inferred LR temperature record was used as a reference to update the chronologies and improve the interpretations of 16 different key pollen sites from NW Iberia. Botanical and zoological macroremains from archaeological sites and natural deposits were also reviewed in order to check if they support the changing environments pre- dicted by pollen data. Pollen evidence corresponding to the less intense Lateglacial and Early Holocene cold phases identified in LR was found at all sites. Nevertheless, only minor vegetation changes occurred during the Older Dryas, La Roya-I (13,600e13,350 cal BP), La Roya-II (13,300e12,900 cal BP), the 11.4 ka and the 9.3 ka event at very sensitive sites located close to ecotonal situations. We conclude that the LR chironomid inferred-temperature curve is able to explain the main tree-line oscillations and also the major local/regional vegetation changes that occurred over the whole of NW Iberia during
the Lateglacial and Early Holocene. During this period, the most relevant landscape modifications occurred at the onset of the Lateglacial, at the transition to the YD, and at the onset of the Holocene. However, noticeable changes also occurred during the 8.2 ka event, which mostly affected the hyperoceanic coastal mountain ranges and some continental depressions inland. The rapid succession of changes registered during the Early Holocene affected the different co-existing biocoenoses in an unequal way and resulted in a di- versity of plant and animal resources available for human populations. This may explain that the hunter-gatherer groups even persisted in some areas of NW Iberia until the Mid Holocene.
Quaternary International
As the vegetation is a social product resulting from the interaction of human beings with the env... more As the vegetation is a social product resulting from the interaction of human beings with the environment, its study contributes towards an understanding of past human cultures. In particular, during the Late Holocene, the socio-cultural evolution of humans has undergone a series of major changes, which have impacted on their environmental setting. In this way, palynological analysis has been able to observe an interesting evolution in anthropization processes since the early Iron Age. However, these observations are conditioned by the volume of deposits that have been studied and their chrono-cultural sequencing. Other factors, such as the deficient preservation of sporo-pollen remains and the lack of well-dated continuous records in non-anthropic deposits, equally restrict our knowledge of the topic. The information available to date confirms that since the first millennium cal BC the vegetation (determining the bio-geographic variety of the territory) has been greatly influenced ...
Article history: Available online xxx a b s t r a c t This paper presents the results of a series... more Article history: Available online xxx a b s t r a c t This paper presents the results of a series of studies conducted in two villages located in the region of Asturias, north of the Iberian Peninsula. These studies explore medieval settlements as well as agricultural and cattle farming activities in these villages, with a special focus on areas still inhabited today as well as surrounding productive spaces. An interdisciplinary methodology was used, which involves pollen and sedimentological analyses, physical and chemical soil analyses, and includes micromorphological studies and radiocarbon dating. These data are combined with the interpretation of stratigraphic information derived from archaeological excavations. The areas of study in the village of Vigaña comprise the necropolis and a nearby meadow, which provided a stratigraphic sequence from the Neolithic era to the present day, and are characterized by the continued significance of farming activities. In Villanueva, meanwhile, both village areas and productive spaces were excavated, which provided information from the Roman period, and revealed the existence of combined agricultural and farming activities since the early medieval era. Quaternary International xxx (2014) 1e15 Please cite this article in press as: Fernández Mier, M., et al., The investigation of currently inhabited villages of medieval origin: Agrarian archaeology in Asturias (Spain), Quaternary International (2014), http://dx.Please cite this article in press as: Fernández Mier, M., et al., The investigation of currently inhabited villages of medieval origin: Agrarian archaeology in Asturias (Spain), Quaternary International (2014), http://dx.
"Este artículo interdisciplinar tiene como objetivo explicar el seguimiento arqu... more "Este artículo interdisciplinar tiene como objetivo explicar el seguimiento arqueológico y arqueobotánico realizado sobre una zona aterrazada en el entorno de la actual ermita de Santa Juliana de Abanto (Abanto-Zierbena, Bizkaia). El estudio está basado en una intervención para una canalización del arroyo de El Bache que permitió observar algunos materiales adscritos a momentos altomedievales y plenomedievales. Se siguió una metodología de recogida de muestras para elaborar diferentes análisis palinológico, antracológico, carpológico y de datación mediante C-14 por método AMS. A pesar de los discretos resultados obtenidos de las diferentes analíticas, gracias a las dataciones hemos podido averiguar que los horizontes muestreados fechan el primer nivel de terraza entre el siglo VI y el primer tercio del VII, y el siguiente horizonte entre el primer tercio del siglo XI y el primer cuarto del siglo XIII. Esto permite obtener información sobre la formación y el posible uso de las terrazas para la época altomedieval vizcaína."
Quaternary International, 2014
As the vegetation is a social product resulting from the interaction of human beings with the env... more As the vegetation is a social product resulting from the interaction of human beings with the environment, its study contributes towards an understanding of past human cultures. In particular, during the Late Holocene, the socio-cultural evolution of humans has undergone a series of major changes, which have impacted on their environmental setting. In this way, palynological analysis has been able to observe an interesting evolution in anthropization processes since the early Iron Age. However, these observations are conditioned by the volume of deposits that have been studied and their chrono-cultural sequencing. Other factors, such as the deficient preservation of sporo-pollen remains and the lack of well-dated continuous records in non-anthropic deposits, equally restrict our knowledge of the topic.
fermi.univr.it
... el Grupo de Investigación en Arqueología Medieval y Postmedieval de la universidad del País V... more ... el Grupo de Investigación en Arqueología Medieval y Postmedieval de la universidad del País Vasco, bajo la dirección de Juan Antonio Quirós Castillo ... Para el caso alavés, únicamente se puede men-cionar el lago de Arreo (Lantarón, 650 m de alti-tud), ubicado en el diapiro ...
The Holocene, 2011
The aim of this research is to study the climate and vegetation history in the western Mediterran... more The aim of this research is to study the climate and vegetation history in the western Mediterranean, in the Iberian Peninsula, during the middle Holocene through pollen analysis. The origin of the deposits varied from the most xeric to more mesic Mediterranean environments. The timing, extent, and progress of the establishment of the Mediterranean climate have a degree of variability depending on the biogeographical region. Analyses of several pollen sequences reveal climatic transformations in the flora and vegetation between 7000 and 4000 cal. yr BP. Pollen concentrations have been used in some sequences to evaluate the order of magnitude in biomass changes through time. Three main spatial and taxonomic responses could be assumed: (1) in littoral regions, deciduous broadleaf trees were frequently dominant and then replaced by sclerophyllous and evergreen forests; (2) in continental regions and sub-Mediterranean mountains, the dominance of pine throughout the whole Holocene signals a change of less magnitude; and (3) in southeastern semiarid Mediterranean regions, the main changes are reflected by alternation between steppe and shrub communities. The emplacement of the Mediterranean climate is reflected in an aridification process. A temporal first approach of Holocene climatic changes is proposed: a humid phase (12 000-7000 cal. yr BP), a transition phase (7000-5500 cal. yr BP) and an aridification phase (5500 cal. yr BP-Present). According to archaeological data, natural changes in the forests favoured the environments suitable for human settlements, farming and sheepherding.
El objetivo principal de este texto es incidir en la importancia de emplear estrategias de muestr... more El objetivo principal de este texto es incidir en la importancia de emplear estrategias de muestreo bioarquelógico. Estos estudios tienen una larga tradición, pero su aplicación práctica en la arqueología de época histórica es relativamente reciente. La falta de estratigrafía vertical y la enorme extensión de muchos yacimientos son factores a tener en cuenta a la hora de aplicar los diferentes tipos de muestreos. Por ello explicaremos las estrategias propuestas por nuestro grupo de investigación y desarrolladas dentro de sus proyectos arqueológicos interdisciplinares que se han llevado a cabo en estos últimos años en la provincia de Álava (País Vasco, España). El grueso de esta comunicación se centrará fundamentalmente en cuatro especialidades: análisis paleopalinológicos (estudio de polen y esporas fósiles), análisis carpológicos (estudio de las semillas silvestres y cultivadas), análisis antracológicos (estudio de las maderas de uso antrópico) y, por último, análisis zooarqueológicos (estudio de los restos óseos animales).
Quaternary International
This paper presents the results of a series of studies conducted in two villages located in the r... more This paper presents the results of a series of studies conducted in two villages located in the region of Asturias, north of the Iberian Peninsula. These studies explore medieval settlements as well as agricultural and cattle farming activities in these villages, with a special focus on areas still inhabited today as well as surrounding productive spaces. An interdisciplinary methodology was used, which involves pollen and sedimentological analyses, physical and chemical soil analyses, and includes micromorphological studies and radiocarbon dating. These data are combined with the interpretation of stratigraphic information derived from archaeological excavations. The areas of study in the village of Vigaña comprise the necropolis and a nearby meadow, which provided a stratigraphic sequence from the Neolithic era to the present day, and are characterized by the continued significance of farming activities. In Villanueva, meanwhile, both village areas and productive spaces were excavated, which provided information from the Roman period, and revealed the existence of combined agricultural and farming activities since the early medieval era.
The implementation of the paleobotanic studies in deposits of Bizkaia of the Upper Pleistocene an... more The implementation of the paleobotanic studies in deposits of Bizkaia of the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene is providing interesting information on the evolution of the landscape, both from a standpoint of plant associations and taxonomic. The succession of stadials and interstadials phases throughout the last Ice Age, along with the geographical features of the Cantabrian area, allowed at certain times, to deciduous tree species (for example, oak, hazel, beech, etc.) to be present in the Basque Country. The vast expansion of deciduous forest takes place from the beginning of the Holocene (10,000 BP) and it will be during the middle Holocene, when their development is affected by human action. From the Neolithic period, factors such as the need for open spaces, raw materials, the introduction of foreign species to the territory and the new systems of land management, supposed the regression of tree cover and changes in its composition.
This paper presents the results of a series of studies conducted in two villages located in the r... more This paper presents the results of a series of studies conducted in two villages located in the region of Asturias, north of the Iberian Peninsula. These studies explore medieval settlements as well as agricultural and cattle farming activities in these villages, with a special focus on areas still inhabited today as well as surrounding productive spaces. An interdisciplinary methodology was used, which involves pollen and sedimentological analyses, physical and chemical soil analyses, and includes micromorphological studies and radiocarbon dating. These data are combined with the interpretation of stratigraphic information derived from archaeological excavations. The areas of study in the village of Vigaña comprise the necropolis and a nearby meadow, which provided a stratigraphic sequence from the Neolithic era to the present day, and are characterized by the continued significance of farming activities. In Villanueva, meanwhile, both village areas and productive spaces were excavated, which provided information from the Roman period, and revealed the existence of combined agricultural and farming activities since the early medieval era.
As the vegetation is a social product resulting from the interaction of human beings with the env... more As the vegetation is a social product resulting from the interaction of human beings with the environment, its study contributes towards an understanding of past human cultures. In particular, during the Late Holocene, the socio-cultural evolution of humans has undergone a series of major changes, which have impacted on their environmental setting. In this way, palynological analysis has been able to observe an interesting evolution in anthropization processes since the early Iron Age. However, these observations are conditioned by the volume of deposits that have been studied and their chrono-cultural sequencing. Other factors, such as the deficient preservation of sporo-pollen remains and the lack of well-dated continuous records in non-anthropic deposits, equally restrict our knowledge of the topic.
The aim of this paper is to explain the archaeological and archaeobotanical supervision performed... more The aim of this paper is to explain the archaeological and archaeobotanical supervision performed on a terraced area in the vicinity of the present hermitage of St. Juliana of Abanto (Abanto-Zierbena, Biscay). The study begins with an intervention in the canalization of the stream of El Bache that allowed us to observe some materials attached to Early and High Medieval times. It was followed a sampling methodology to develop different palynological, anthracological, carpological analyses and C-14 dating by AMS analyses. Despite the modest results obtained from the different botanical analyses, through the dates, we have been able to determine by radiocarbon content that the sampled horizons are dated in the first terrace level between the sixth century and the first third of the seventh century, and the next horizon between the first third of the eleventh century and the first quarter of the thirteenth century. This provides information on the formation and the possible use of the terraces in the early medieval period in Biscay.
Uploads
Papers by Begoña Hernández-Beloqui
Tradicionalmente, viene considerándose que el paso de los grupos humanos por los Pirineos resulta dificultoso durante el Paleolítico y existen, efectivamente, datos que contradicen este planteamiento. Incluso podemos valorar como verosímil la existencia de una región paleolítica pirenaica, con rasgos culturales específicos y una serie de yacimientos implicados, especialmente durante el Magdaleniense. La existencia de rutas de tránsito a través de los tramos centrales de los Pirineos no es incompatible, sin embargo, con una mayor preferencia por los pasos occidental y oriental entre la Península Ibérica y el resto del continente europeo. Partiendo de esta hipótesis, nos proponemos explorar la ruta occidental del poblamiento peninsular, la que cruza el País Vasco, a partir de diferentes tipos de registro: la propia dispersión de los yaci-mientos arqueológicos, la distribución de materias primas líticas, los tecnocomplejos y las similitudes o diferencias en los comportamientos culturales y económicos de los grupos humanos. Para ello, partimos de la reflexión teórica efectuada en el Coloquio de Tarascon (2004), para comprobar la validez de aquella propuesta, desde la perspectiva de doce años.
Sarritan aipatu da Pirinioetako pasatzea zaila izan dela gizakientzako, Paleolitoan zehar, eta ba dira datuak hipotesi hau ezeztatzeko. Batzuk aipatu dute Pirinioetako eremu kultural bat, adierazle kultural oso espezifikoekin, bereziki Magdalen aldian. Pirinioak zeharkatzen dituzten zenbait pasabideen izatea, aldi berean, bateragarria da beste planteamenduarekin, hain zuzen ere, gizataldeek nahiago izaten dituztela Pirinioetako mendebaldeko eta ekialdeko ertzak Iberiar Penintsula eta kontinentearen arteko pasabideak bezala, erosoagoak dire-lako. Hipotesi hau abiapuntutzat hartuta, mendebaldeko pasabidea (Euskal Herria zeharkatzen duena) zenbait erregistro materialen arabera aztertuko dugu: aztarnategi arkeologikoen sakabanaketa, harrizko lehengaien hornidura eta gizataldeen portaera kultural eta ekonomikoen arteko aldeak eta desberdintasunak. Aspaldian, 2004ko Tarascon-sur-Ariègen izandako kongresuan egin genuen hausnarketa teoretikoa izan da gure oinarria, hamabi urte beranduago hipotesi horren baliokidetza aztertzeko.
the Lateglacial and Early Holocene. During this period, the most relevant landscape modifications occurred at the onset of the Lateglacial, at the transition to the YD, and at the onset of the Holocene. However, noticeable changes also occurred during the 8.2 ka event, which mostly affected the hyperoceanic coastal mountain ranges and some continental depressions inland. The rapid succession of changes registered during the Early Holocene affected the different co-existing biocoenoses in an unequal way and resulted in a di- versity of plant and animal resources available for human populations. This may explain that the hunter-gatherer groups even persisted in some areas of NW Iberia until the Mid Holocene.
Tradicionalmente, viene considerándose que el paso de los grupos humanos por los Pirineos resulta dificultoso durante el Paleolítico y existen, efectivamente, datos que contradicen este planteamiento. Incluso podemos valorar como verosímil la existencia de una región paleolítica pirenaica, con rasgos culturales específicos y una serie de yacimientos implicados, especialmente durante el Magdaleniense. La existencia de rutas de tránsito a través de los tramos centrales de los Pirineos no es incompatible, sin embargo, con una mayor preferencia por los pasos occidental y oriental entre la Península Ibérica y el resto del continente europeo. Partiendo de esta hipótesis, nos proponemos explorar la ruta occidental del poblamiento peninsular, la que cruza el País Vasco, a partir de diferentes tipos de registro: la propia dispersión de los yaci-mientos arqueológicos, la distribución de materias primas líticas, los tecnocomplejos y las similitudes o diferencias en los comportamientos culturales y económicos de los grupos humanos. Para ello, partimos de la reflexión teórica efectuada en el Coloquio de Tarascon (2004), para comprobar la validez de aquella propuesta, desde la perspectiva de doce años.
Sarritan aipatu da Pirinioetako pasatzea zaila izan dela gizakientzako, Paleolitoan zehar, eta ba dira datuak hipotesi hau ezeztatzeko. Batzuk aipatu dute Pirinioetako eremu kultural bat, adierazle kultural oso espezifikoekin, bereziki Magdalen aldian. Pirinioak zeharkatzen dituzten zenbait pasabideen izatea, aldi berean, bateragarria da beste planteamenduarekin, hain zuzen ere, gizataldeek nahiago izaten dituztela Pirinioetako mendebaldeko eta ekialdeko ertzak Iberiar Penintsula eta kontinentearen arteko pasabideak bezala, erosoagoak dire-lako. Hipotesi hau abiapuntutzat hartuta, mendebaldeko pasabidea (Euskal Herria zeharkatzen duena) zenbait erregistro materialen arabera aztertuko dugu: aztarnategi arkeologikoen sakabanaketa, harrizko lehengaien hornidura eta gizataldeen portaera kultural eta ekonomikoen arteko aldeak eta desberdintasunak. Aspaldian, 2004ko Tarascon-sur-Ariègen izandako kongresuan egin genuen hausnarketa teoretikoa izan da gure oinarria, hamabi urte beranduago hipotesi horren baliokidetza aztertzeko.
the Lateglacial and Early Holocene. During this period, the most relevant landscape modifications occurred at the onset of the Lateglacial, at the transition to the YD, and at the onset of the Holocene. However, noticeable changes also occurred during the 8.2 ka event, which mostly affected the hyperoceanic coastal mountain ranges and some continental depressions inland. The rapid succession of changes registered during the Early Holocene affected the different co-existing biocoenoses in an unequal way and resulted in a di- versity of plant and animal resources available for human populations. This may explain that the hunter-gatherer groups even persisted in some areas of NW Iberia until the Mid Holocene.
human groups across the Pyrenees would have been
difficult in the Palaeolithic, although there are data
contradicting this view. It may even be proposed that
a Pyrenean region existed in the Palaeolithic with specific
cultural traits and a series of sites, especially in the
Magdalenian. The existence of routes across the central
parts of the Pyrenees is not incompatible, however, with
a preference for the western and eastern routes between
the Iberian Peninsula and the rest of Europe. With this
hypothesis, we propose to explore the western route
for the movement of populations, the one that crosses
the Basque Country, through different kinds of record:
the location of the archaeological sites themselves, the
distribution of lithic raw materials, the technocomplexes,
and the similarities and differences in the cultural and
subsistence behaviour of the human groups.
Si bien existe una densa historiografía arqueológica sobre la Edad Moderna, este periodo es menos conocido materialmente en las zonas de montaña. El presente proyecto pretende aunar el análisis de los asentamientos y de los espacios no habitados, a partir del estudio de los recursos colectivos, permitiendo caracterizar estos espacios desde una perspectiva global.
La investigación se fundamenta en un planteamiento transdisciplinar que incluye búsqueda de archivo, prospecciones y sondeos arqueológicos, observaciones de ecología histórica, análisis arqueobotánicos y físico-químicos. Esta metodología parte de la observación de la organización contemporánea y, a partir de ahí, retrocede en el tiempo. El estudio ha permitido documentar las transformaciones en los sistemas de aprovechamiento de los recursos ambientales desde la edad media, mostrando como, durante la Edad Moderna, se asista a la progresiva desaparición de las prácticas agro-silvo-pastorales múltiples. Con particular referencia a las investigaciones en los montes comunes de Zalduondo, Zuazo, y en Aizkorri (Malla), se muestra cómo las modificaciones en la gestión se relacionan con cambios jurisdiccionales y se reflejan en las transformaciones de los asentamientos, tanto estacionales (Malla) como estables (Zuazo),
sugiriendo a su vez cambios en la organización social.
Las investigaciones en el País Vasco forman parte del proyecto ARCHIMEDE (financiado por la Unión Europea) que ha investigado los comunales de diferentes áreas del sur Europa. El proyecto ha abierto
estimulantes perspectivas que podrán ser profundizadas en el futuro.
cortes que estaban afectando espacios aterrazados. En los perfiles de dichos cortes se localizaban materiales de construcción y fragmentos cerámicos adscritos por la bibliografía a momentos altomedievales y plenomedievales (siglos VIII y XIII). Para el estudio de dichas terrazas se elaboró una metodología
de recogida de muestras de tierra para elaborar un análisis palinológico, antracológico y carpológico para obtener información sobre la formación y el posible uso de dichas terrazas. Se localizaron distintos horizontes que pudieron
ser datados mediante C-14 por método AMS. A pesar de las limitaciones interpretativas obtenidas con las analíticas arqueobotánicas, podemos decir que los resultados obtenidos son sugerentes. Gracias a las dataciones hemos podido
averiguar que los horizontes muestreados han permitido fechar el primer nivel de terraza al 95,4% (dos sigmas) entre el 430 y el 600 Cal AD, mientras que para la segunda muestra al 95,4% (dos sigmas) entre el 1030 y el 1220 Cal AD. Es por ello que se quiere resaltar la potencialidad de este lugar, donde existe una
actividad de trasformación del paisaje ya en época altomedieval, además de la importancia de elaborar estrategias de muestreos específicas que permitan interpretar el uso de dichas terrazas."
cortes que estaban afectando espacios aterrazados. En los perfiles de dichos cortes se localizaban materiales de construcción y fragmentos cerámicos adscritos por la bibliografía a momentos altomedievales y plenomedievales (siglos VIII y XIII). Para el estudio de dichas terrazas se elaboró una metodología
de recogida de muestras de tierra para elaborar un análisis palinológico, antracológico y carpológico para obtener información sobre la formación y el posible uso de dichas terrazas. Se localizaron distintos horizontes que pudieron
ser datados mediante C-14 por método AMS. A pesar de las limitaciones interpretativas obtenidas con las analíticas arqueobotánicas, podemos decir que los resultados obtenidos son sugerentes. Gracias a las dataciones hemos podido
averiguar que los horizontes muestreados han permitido fechar el primer nivel de terraza al 95,4% (dos sigmas) entre el 430 y el 600 Cal AD, mientras que para la segunda muestra al 95,4% (dos sigmas) entre el 1030 y el 1220 Cal AD. Es por ello que se quiere resaltar la potencialidad de este lugar, donde existe una
actividad de trasformación del paisaje ya en época altomedieval, además de la importancia de elaborar estrategias de muestreos específicas que permitan interpretar el uso de dichas terrazas.