Bazı fıkralar güldürür, bazısı da güldürürken düşündürür. Yalnız fıkraların fazla dikkat çekmeyen bir özelliği daha var: kültür aktarımındaki işlevleri. Yazılı edebiyat ürünleri gibi sözlü gelenek ürünleri de kültür aktarımının etkili araçlarındandır. Fıkra, sözlü geleneğin bir parçası olarak diğer sözlü edebiyat ürünleri gibi içinde bulunduğu kültür tarafından şekillenir, anonim olarak yayılır, yeterli ilgiyi bulabilirse kuşaklar arasında kültür aktarım aracı olur.

Are there white people in heaven? Then I’d rather go to hell. (212)

Even the writers who have the least feeling of belonging to a minority can not escape the urge to hold a mirror their nation in their works -no matter how fictitious these works are. Junot Diaz, a Dominican-American whose main focus is the situation of Dominican immigrants in the United States, does so in his novel The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao which is categorized as a magic-realist novel. In this novel, Diaz meditates on a certain Dominican family’s life and how they happen to be leading the life they currently have. While presenting the family’s situation, he hints at some historical facts about Santo Domingo and at immigrants’ standards of living in the United States. Yet, the book is not a clear manifestation of difficulties that the migrated people have to experience but rather it is an iron fist in a velvet glove –that is to say, it criticizes politics through reflecting the historical facts but these reflections remain always in the background and they are combined with the narrator’s harsh and satiric way of expression while the characters’ failed love stories are foregrounded. He does tell us about the history of Santo Domingo -especially during Dictator Rafael Trujillo’s time, the superstitions about him, the United States’ politics and most importantly fukú -- "generally a curse or a doom of some kind; specifically the Curse and the Doom of the New World," and zafa—a counter-spell to fukú. In short, the novel illustrates how the superstitions direct people’s lives -just like unwanted dictators. This essay will point out how Diaz uses footnotes and the subplot to provide a historical aspect to his magic-realist fiction. It will also discuss the reasons why Diaz needed to write the way he writes.

The starting point of this study is the lack of quantitative and thus objective approaches to UNESCO's Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH), namely the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding and the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Elements inscribed to the Register of Good Safeguarding Practices are not included in this study; however, a similar approach can be applied to its analysis. While the amount of data has increased each year since the first inscriptions on the lists in 2008, no research has examined how to organize the data, and hence this study aims to fill this gap. The paper points out the problems regarding the currently available statistics and data on UNESCO's website for ICH. The main problems about the statistics relate to the disorganized classification of the countries and the inefficient use of primary concepts in describing the elements inscribed on the lists. The paper proposes one table as an example to organize the statistics related to the countries and another to depict the unhelpful conceptualizing of the elements. The paper also demonstrates how the data if organized properly and in a user friendly way can be employed to give an extensive perspective of countries' cultural heritage, their contribution to world civilization, international and domestic politics, etc. Moreover, this study employs data management techniques to evaluate how compatible the elements on the lists are with the Text of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the ICH signed in 2003 based on the statistics. This paper may serve as a source for further studies focusing on elements on the lists and analyzing the data related to them by employing technological tools like data mining processes and similar applications.

ÖZ
Bu çalışmanın başlangıç noktası UNESCO'nun Somut Olmayan Kültürel Miras Listelerine, yani Acil Koruma Gerektiren Somut Olmayan Kültürel Miras Listesi ve İnsanlığın Somut Olmayan Kültürel Mirası Temsili Listesi'ne, niceliksel ve dolayısı ile objektif yaklaşımların eksiliğidir. Korumanın İyi Uy-gulamalarının Kaydı'na geçen ögeler bu çalışmanın kapsamına dâhil edilmedi ise de benzer bir yaklaşım ile bu listeye dâhil olan ögeler de analiz edilebilir. Listelere ilk kayıtların yapıldığı 2008 yılından beri, her sene veri miktarında artış olurken bu verilerin düzenlenmesine ilişkin herhangi bir akademik çalışma yayınlanmamıştır. Bu makale alandaki bu eksikliği doldurmak üzere yazıldı. Makalede UNESCO'nun Somut Olmayan Kültürel Miras için düzenlediği internet sayfasında güncel olarak erişilebilir bulunan istatistik ve verilerin sorunlarına dikkat çekilmektedir. İstatistiklere dair ana sorunlar, ülkelerin düzen-siz sınıflandırılması ve listelere kabul edilmiş ögeleri tarif etmek üzere belirlenen birincil kavramların etkisiz kullanımıyla ilgilidir. Bu yüzden makalede ülkelere dair istatistiksel verilerin düzenlendiği bir tablonun yanı sıra listelerdeki ögelerin nasıl kullanışsız bir biçimde kavramsallaştırıldığını gösteren bir başka tablo sunulmaktadır. Böylece makalede verilerin uygun bir biçimde ve kullanıcı dostu olarak dü-zenlendikleri zaman, ülkelerin kültürel mirası, dünya medeniyetine katkıları, dışişleri politikaları ve iç siyasetleri ile ilgili geniş bir bakış açısı sunmak üzere kullanılabileceği gösterilmektedir. Buna ek olarak, bu çalışmada kullanılan veri yönetimi teknikleri ile Acil Koruma Gerektiren Somut Olmayan Kültürel Miras Listesi ve İnsanlığın Somut Olmayan Kültürel Mirası Temsili Listesi'nde bulunan ögelerin 2003 yılında imzalanan Somut Olmayan Kültürel Mirasın Korunması Sözleşmesi metnindeki maddeler ile ne ölçüde uyuştuğu istatistiksel veriler kullanılarak incelenecektir. Bu makale, listelerdeki unsurlara odak-lanacak ve onlara ilişkin verileri veri madenciliği süreci gibi teknolojik araçlar ve benzeri uygulamalar kullanarak inceleyecek gelecekteki çalışmalara kaynaklık edebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:  Veri yönetimi, istatistik, kavramlaştırma, sınıflandırma, analiz

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi Türk Edebiyatı Bölümü, 2014.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2014.Includes bibliographical references leaves 74-75.This thesis is about the re-formation of folk narrative motifs in Behcet Necatigil’s poetry, famous for continuing the written and oral tradition, and is also about what happens in this process of intertextuality. Firstly, the folk narrative motifs in Necatigil’s poetry are identified and specified by using the codes from Stith Thompson’s The Motif Index of Folk Literature. Thus, the “main *source+ texts” relevant to these references are provided. Contextual, structural and functional conversions happening in the process of intertextuality are analyzed and the conversions of the motifs employed in the poetry are classified according to the dominance of one of these three topics. This thesis highlights that the conversions made correspond to Necatigil’s poetics. Combining the techniques of contemporary literature ...

Bilkent Universitesi Abstract: The fatwa by Ebussuud, the religious authority of the sixteenth century Ottoman Empire, stating Muslims must not recite Yunus Emre's poetry is the starting point of this study. By pointing out Yunus' terminology and ideas which are against Orthodox Islam, the essay argues that his poems could not have been used for religious education of the new Muslim converts as presented by Grace Martin Smith and Annemarie Schimmel. In Yunus' poetry, the mystic items are widely employed to illustrate the divine love. Hence, the paper argues the idea that even if Yunus' poetry is used for educative purposes, this must be for mystic rather than Islamic instruction. To conclude, the paper refers to Ibn Arabi's statement: "Those who are not one of us and do not know our station should not read our books, for it may be damaging for them." Thus, the paper questions the functionality of Yunus Emre's poems by putting forward the idea that Y...

It has always been, and will be, the same. The history of the world has indeed been moulded by two opposite phenomenon; destruction and reconstruction. In nearly every century, the evil use of human intelligence has brought destruction to the humankind and the world, and an urge for a new beginning full of promises has followed it afterwards. These new beginnings have had the hope of attaining the perfect order all the time that would please everyone and thus there would be no anarchy or chaos again, but endless wars and conflicts have proven this vain hope false so far. And, the more human beings have made use of their intelligence for further